The northeast has taken on the responsibility of dairy farming
In 1946, as the earliest liberated area, Northeast China had a good dairy foundation and was suitable for the establishment of large-scale dairy farming and dairy processing bases. The state and local governments have taken a series of measures to develop the dairy industry in the northeast, such as the establishment of dairy factories in dairy farms in dairy production areas; the sale of milk and dairy products; the timely adjustment of milk prices to ensure the income of farmers; the introduction of fine breeding bulls to improve the performance of dairy cows; and the strengthening of veterinary prevention and control work. All these greatly promoted the development of the dairy industry in northeast China at that time.
Before the founding of New China, there were less than 6,000 dairy cows in Heilongjiang. After 1946, the number of cows in Heilongjiang Province reached 12,000. In 1952, there were 3,104 cows in Harbin alone, and in 1957 there were about 6,000, nearly doubling.
Attach importance to breeding and breeding, and develop excellent breeding bulls
Attaching importance to the breeding and breeding of dairy cows, not only paying attention to the expansion of the cow stock, but also attaching great importance to the breeding of dairy bulls. Between the 1950s and the 1980s, excellent dairy bulls in production were used as breeders to produce better quality dairy offspring.
After the founding of New China, the People's Government of the Twin Cities attached great importance to the improvement and breeding of dairy cows. In the late 1950s, a number of Dutch or American breeding bulls were allocated to the Twin Cities every year and distributed to commune breeding stations, dairy cow clubs and dairy cattle production teams to improve dairy cattle breeds.
Improved cow offspring
Farms were gradually established and animal husbandry developed
Around 1950, the construction of dairy farms began in various places. In the early days, the barns of these cattle farms were simple, mainly grazing. Although the daily milk production of dairy cows at that time was only about 10 kilograms, it was enough to provide a good guarantee for improving the quality of life of local people!
Humble barn
The stock has increased significantly, and new models of dairy farming have emerged
In 1953, the number of dairy cattle in Heilongjiang Province had reached 16,000, and the main dairy farms successively imported large Dutch bulls from Beijing, Jinzhou, Qingdao and other places to improve milk production and the quality of future generations. By 1964, the average yield of milk production in Heilongjiang Province had increased to 3,000 kilograms, an increase of 25.7%. By the end of 1957, the number of dairy cattle in Heilongjiang alone had reached 28,000, an increase of 75% over 1953. Later, dairy processing enterprises were completed and put into operation, and the fresh milk produced by dairy cows could be processed locally, and the sustainable development of the dairy industry was strongly promoted.
Reasonable arrangement of grazing and house feeding, dairy cattle feeding procedures
At that time, dairy farming was mainly based on grazing, and a certain grazing pattern was formed. For example, grazing in June-month of each year, graze twice a day. At the end of August, it was changed to house feeding. Before the cows graze in the herd, the cattle are classified and formed, the health is checked and hoofed in time, the sick cattle and healthy cattle are managed separately, and the grazing area is demarcated to prevent mixed herds. The management of dairy cattle has been greatly improved.
After years of development, large dairy farms across the country have blossomed everywhere, and one after another 10,000 pastures have risen from the ground, represented by Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Hebei and other places, vigorously develop dairy cattle breeding. In 2020, China's dairy cattle inventory has reached 14 million heads, and the annual milk production can reach 34.4 million tons.
10,000 head pasture milking site
The quality of life is increasing and our demand for dairy products is increasing. Looking back at the development process of dairy cows in China, we have experienced too many twists and turns. Thank you to the Northeast region for its indelible contribution to dairy farming.
I am Wang Erxiao, focusing on cattle breeding. Like friends a little bit of attention.