Wen | Hu Bo
The Central Military Academy Was the most elite unit of the Chinese Army in the early 1930s, and was not only the best choice in terms of staffing, but also took the lead in receiving training from German military advisers and equipping Europe with more advanced weapons. In the War of Resistance Against Japan, this unit was the first to enter actual combat and could be confronted by the Japanese army of the same size on the battlefield.
Cadets of the Central Military Academy in German-style equipment
In July 1935, Gui Yongqing improved the establishment of the headquarters department, with Wang Gongliang as the colonel's headquarters attached (later Yi Zhou Zhenqiang, who was renamed deputy chief on April 16, 1936), Zhang Kunsheng as the colonel's chief of staff (Later Yi Fu Zhaoqian, Chen Weiyi, Qiu Qingquan), Wen Zuquan as the colonel director of the staff office (later Yi Peng Keding, Wan Chengqu), Liu Daqian as the colonel director of the adjutant's office (later Yi Jinsheng), Jiang Hongjun as the colonel director of the Ordnance Department, Wang Hanying as the director of the manager's office, and Wang Zhaokui as the colonel director of the military medical department. Peng Keding served as the colonel of the officer education brigade (Hou Yi Fu Zhaoqian and Xie Chengrui), Li Changling as the colonel commander of the non-commissioned battalion (Later Yi Tian Yanyun and Ma Weilong), Li Liangrong as the colonel of the special service brigade, Li Changling as the colonel of the 1st Infantry Regiment, and Hu Qiru as the colonel of the 2nd Infantry Regiment. On 19 August, Zhang Kunsheng was offered the rank of colonel of the 3rd Infantry Regiment (later Ima Weilong), and a month later, non-Cantonese soldiers of the 468th Infantry Regiment of the 78th Division were abolished as the basis for the regiment.
In March 1936, the teaching corps moved to Xiaolingwei announced the completion of the "Adjustment Division (Accelerated German Division)" training task of the German military advisers after being inspected by the special representative of the Ministry of Military Affairs and Politics. The success of the headquarters led to the rapid expansion of the "adjustment divisions," and by the time the War of Resistance Against Japan broke out in full swing, 30 divisions had completed the task of adjustment. However, due to the lack of weapons and equipment, the subsequent "adjustment division" did not really complete the adjustment, which made the teaching corps a real and only unit to complete the task.
After the completion of the adjustment, the teaching corps has made some adjustments in the details of the organization. Among them, in addition to the three infantry battalions under the jurisdiction of the infantry regiment, the 13th Company was equipped with six Suroton anti-aircraft guns, the 14th Company was equipped with four 37 mm anti-aircraft guns, the 15th Company was equipped with four 75 mm howitzers and four 75 mm mountain guns, the 16th Company was equipped with another main machine platoon, and three wired telephone platoons. Such a formation was unique among the infantry regiments in the country at that time.
Among the companies belonging to the infantry battalion, the infantry company has 9 light machine guns, 101 rifles, 32 pistols, 18 grenade launchers, 2 sets of flamethrowers and 2 60 mm mortars;
Although the Teaching Corps has been rapidly expanded and its weapons and equipment have been continuously advanced, its task is to garrison Nanjing, and it only undertakes tasks such as the National Day military parade, national defense exercise, and student military training in the capital, and has never been included in the combat sequence, so the so-called "elite field troops" have always remained on paper.
Cadets of the Central Military Academy occupied a hill during the exercise
The Xi'an Incident in December 1936 finally gave the Teaching Corps the opportunity to actually fight. At that time, Chiang Kai-shek was detained in Xi'an by Zhang Xueliang, and He Yingqin, minister of military affairs, advocated the use of force to solve the incident and dispatch troops to attack Xi'an. Under these circumstances, the 1st and 2nd regiments of infantry under the Teaching Corps were hand-picked by He Ying to be included in the battle sequence of the "Rebel Army", and on the night of December 13, they were urgently assembled to quickly enter Shaanxi by train as the vanguard of the "Rebel Army".
In order not to let the Northeast Army know its own situation, Gui Yongqing ordered that the code name be concealed before ordering the action, such as the code name of the headquarters headquarters as "Da", the code name of the 1st Infantry Regiment as "Gale", the code name of the 2nd Infantry Regiment as "Daqi", and the code name of the subsequent departure battalion as "Dagu". Gui Yongqing's three code names came from Liu Bang's "Song of the Great Wind", "The wind rises and the clouds fly, and Wei Jia Hai Returns to his hometown", but he did not want to be criticized by the code name of the heavy camp, and Zhou Qingyi, who was the clerk of the manager's office at the time, privately complained: "The previous woman was returned to her mother's house by her mother-in-law, called 'Da Gui', and the dead person was called 'Da Gu', which was very unlucky. "That being said, that's not the case with the actual performance of the coaching corps.
In the early morning of December 15, the 2nd Infantry Regiment arrived at Tongguan, got off the train and continued to advance towards Weinan on foot, until chishui station was blocked by the 105th Division of the Northeast Army. At that time, due to the flooding of the river, the Northeast Army took advantage of this to defend. The two sides held each other until about 10 o'clock in the evening of the 20th, and the 2nd Infantry Regiment was ordered to attack the positions of the Northeast Army under the cover of temporary tanks, mainly the 1st Battalion. The battle lasted nearly 3 hours, and the 1st Battalion of the 2nd Infantry Regiment managed to capture the station at the cost of only 19 killed (2 of whom were accidentally wounded by tanks). After Chiang Kai-shek was released, the Teaching Corps was relieved of its combat mission on the spot and returned to Nanjing Xiaolingwei.