Chairman Mao was a great man of the times and an intellectual who was full of poetry and books, and he was a little skilled in literature and martial arts, but he once said that "if you don't study for three days, you can't catch up with Liu Shaoqi."
Han Guixin, who had worked with Chairman Mao and other central leaders, also said that this sentence was often said by Chairman Mao and was very popular at that time. Liu Yuan, the son of Liu Shaoqi, also said in his recollection that it was indeed true, and Chairman Mao had said it more than once.
But with Chairman Mao's profound knowledge and status, why would he say such a thing? What was the background? What kind of revolutionary hero is Liu Shaoqi, chairman Mao's "learning rival"? Hearing Chairman Mao's words, how did he reply? What other interesting things do the two of them learn?
Today's expo history to take you to explore, new friends do not forget to pay attention to, both to review the past articles, but also not to miss the wonderful content after that.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="7" > three days without work, can not catch up with Mao Zedong</h1>
After the founding of New China, the development momentum of all walks of life in China is still very sluggish, and everything is waiting to be rebuilt. Against such a background, Chairman Mao insisted that there should be a brand-new society, that our people are the true masters of the country, and that the improvement of ideological and cultural standards is even more important.
At the same time, with the founding of New China, the people's thinking has a preliminary enlightenment, the People's Liberation Army has some simple knowledge reserves, after retiring from the army, continue to exert their residual heat, and pass on some of their cultural knowledge to children in mountain village schools in remote areas.
In the future, the leaders of the CPC Central Committee also attach great importance to the knowledge reserves of the masses of the people; in the future, they must be a society with advanced ideology and a high level of knowledge, and it is difficult to build a better socialist country without high quality; on the one hand, they can enhance the cultural awareness of the masses, learn more, and learn advanced technology and knowledge through books; on the other hand, it is imperative to improve the quality of the whole people; without high quality, it is difficult to build a better socialist country.
It is precisely under the influence of these factors that Chairman Mao advocated that everyone attach importance to learning, and set an example by implementing the behavior of "learning" until the end of their lives.
Once, when Chairman Mao Yan'an called on cadres to "keep studying and making progress," he said: "Old comrades must also study, and if I die in another ten years, then I will have to study for 9 years and 359 days." Under chairman Mao's active advocacy, groups of cadres threw themselves into fiery study activities, and cadres and comrades reading books could be seen everywhere in Yan'an, and they used their spare time, such as after meals and before going to bed, to read a few newspapers or classic books.
Among them, the most prominent one is Comrade Liu Shaoqi.
Comrade Liu Shaoqi's love of reading was clear within the Party Central Committee at that time, he was good at thinking and keen on reading from an early age, and he was involved in many ancient books and classics at a young age. In his youth, he came into contact with the Communist Party, and driven by the desire to learn, he went to the Soviet Union many times to study and wrote down his feelings and thoughts.
At the Seventh National Congress of the Party, Liu Shaoqi made a "Report on Amending the Party Constitution," in which he pointed out that "Mao Zedong Thought is the product of integrating the universal truth of Marxism with China's specific practice" and is also "the latest achievement in the sinification of Marxism." Such a proposal caused a sensation within the Party, and at the same time it was put forward for the first time in the history of the Communist Party of China, which was the first leap in the guiding ideology within the Party.
Comrade Liu Shaoqi's love of learning and unique insights have been unanimously praised and recognized by the leaders of the party. Chairman Mao has always paid close attention to his life and study, so this is why Chairman Mao said, "If you don't study for three days, you won't be able to catch up with Liu Shaoqi."
Not only that, Chairman Mao often talked about this sentence in his study and life, and he talked about it a lot, and everyone was very curious about who this Liu Shaoqi was, and who could make the chairman always hang on his lips.
Many party members and comrades have begun to understand Comrade Liu Shaoqi's learning story and thinking attitude, and they have also admired the intellectual insights and learning methods of this "scholar bully". Everyone also summed up the study methods suitable for themselves, saying that they would learn from Chairman Mao and liu Shaoqi, and if they could not catch up with Liu Shaoqi in three days, they would spend three years. The atmosphere of study within the party is particularly strong.
Hearing Chairman Mao's words, Liu Shaoqi laughed and thought in his heart: Chairman Mao's words are definitely not as simple as they seem. This sentence simply sounds like a joke of Chairman Mao himself, but in fact, it is to stimulate everyone's enthusiasm for learning, encourage everyone to study every day, and maintain their enthusiasm for study.
After thoroughly understanding Chairman Mao's profound intentions, Liu Shaoqi replied that "I can't catch up with Mao Zedong without work in three days," echoing Chairman Mao's words, and there is a momentum of competition in competing to study, and at the same time, he is particularly vivid and humorous and catchy.
The story of Chairman Mao and Liu Shaoqi," a pair of "learning opponents," has also been circulating in the party for a long time, and more importantly, it has inspired a large number of comrades to study and think deeply, with good results.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="59" > Liu Shaoqi's learning story</h1>
After introducing this interesting story between Liu Shaoqi and Chairman Mao, let us approach this comrade Liu Shaoqi and see how he studied diligently and linked reading with the survival of the country.
On November 24, 1898, Liu Shaoqi was born. He has many brothers and sisters in his family, and he is the ninth in line. But his parents did not neglect his education because he was born late, when he was a teenager, his family sent him to the local old-fashioned junior high school to study, the first time to learn knowledge Liu Shaoqi was attracted by the wonderful world of the book, since then, he has taken reading as a major event in adult life, every day in addition to eating and sleeping is to read. In the summer, when it was hot at home, he would sit on a small stool in front of the house and concentrate on reading until it was dark.
Passing neighbors, they all praised this child who loved to read, and once a neighbor's aunt quipped that this child loves to read so much that it is estimated that the books they read can fill a bookcase. Slowly, people around him knew about this and called him "Liu Jiu Bookcase".
Soon, Liu Shaoqi ended his middle school. He joined the Chinese Socialist Youth League in 1920. Here he once again felt the joy of learning at a young age, he had a strong interest in communism, and he immersed himself in study, wanting to know more and think deeply.
In 1921, Liu Shaoqi decided to go to the Soviet Union to continue his studies. After coming to moscow to study at the Eastern Communist Labor University, Liu Shaoqi still adhered to the habit of loving reading when he was young, and he believed that the time spent studying in the Soviet Union was very short and very precious, and he should cherish this hard-won opportunity even more and learn to be famous.
Xiao Jinguang, who studied with him in Moscow, once said of Liu Shaoqi: "We had two years together, although we usually do not live together, but they are from China, so they are much more cordial. What impressed me most was that after Comrade Liu Shaoqi came to Moscow, he rarely went out with other people, and most of the time he stayed at home alone, or in the library, and spent all his time studying and working. Often while learning Russian. Or reading the Communist Manifesto, thinking about the question of the domestic revolution. His attitude of loving learning and being good at thinking also affects us students and learn from Comrade Liu Shaoqi together. ”
His studies in Moscow soon ended, and in 1922 Liu Shaoqi returned to China, where he worked in the Secretariat of the Chinese Labor Union. During this period and in the years that followed, Liu Shaoqi maintained a highly positive attitude to participate in and lead the workers' movement, including the Anyuan Road miners' strike, the provincial and Hong Kong strike, and the struggle of the Wuhan workers to reclaim the Hankou British Concession.
Although the work pressure is very high and there are many things to deal with, Liu Shaoqi still adheres to his habit of reading, and he once said: "Without culture, revolutionary work cannot be done well." The war on the front line was tense, and he would often get up in the middle of the night to deal with affairs, but Liu Shaoqi still took the trivial time out of the fragmented time to read.
Comrade Zhang Aiping of the New Fourth Army Detachment also recalled an interesting incident when he visited Liu Shaoqi once.
It was 1939, and the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression was a very difficult period, with constant wars in the front and the rear command headquarters in a desperate situation. Zhang Aiping came to visit Comrade Liu Shaoqi, who was then secretary of the Central Plains Bureau of the CPC.
Comrade Zhang Aiping had also just finished handling the affairs of the army, and it was already more than twelve o'clock in the evening, and it was a little faster, when he heard the guards say that Comrade Liu Shaoqi had not yet rested, he planned to go to take a look and exchange views and decisions on the current situation.
When Comrade Zhang Aiping came to the door of Comrade Liu Shaoqi's house, she found that Comrade Liu Shaoqi's house was exceptionally quiet. He opened the curtain to see that Comrade Liu Shaoqi was reading intently on his desk. Liu Shaoqi's guards took Comrade Zhang Aiping to the side and gently explained to Zhang Aiping: "Comrade Liu Shaoqi, tomorrow night we will read a book for a while, we are afraid that he will have bad eyes, we want to light a few more candles for him, and he will not let him." Just read a book under that little candle for a while. ”
After listening to the guards' words, Zhang Aiping's heart suddenly developed a sense of awe, he had already heard that Comrade Liu Shaoqi loved to read, and when he saw it today, it turned out to be such an obsession. Zhang Aiping also couldn't bear to disturb Liu Shaoqi, who was reading a book, so she told the guards and decided to wait here for a while, so as not to disturb Liu Shaoqi, who was reading.
After a while, Liu Shaoqi suddenly looked up to find Zhang Aiping, who had been waiting for a long time, and quickly got up to apologize. Zhang Aiping had the opportunity to talk to Liu Shaoqi, and the two talked together for a long time. When Zhang Aiping later recalled the conversation, she still admired Liu Shaoqi's hobby of reading, and he also mentioned: "I looked closely at Liu Shaoqi's books, and I found out where his hard work was. Many places on his books are marked with red pen and blue pen, but the book itself and the cover are very well protected and careful, and there are no stains or corners, which are very neat and clean. ”
Not only that, in 1942, Liu Shaoqi was transferred back to Yan'an to work, during which time, for a year, he did not give up, worked hard, and crossed more than a hundred blockade lines from northern Jiangsu to Yan'an. Despite the terrible situation, he picked up the book in a desperate situation and used his perseverance and ability to systematically study the history of China and the history of Chinese philosophy. His tenacity and studious spirit are evident.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="62" > Chairman Mao and Liu Shaoqi</h1>
Such a studious and conscientious Liu Shaoqi, who read countless documents, admired Chairman Mao very much. His secretaries Wu Zhenying and Liu Zhende once said this about the relationship between Chairman Mao and Liu Shaoqi during the meeting with Liu Shaoqi. In Liu Shaoqi's mouth, the mention of Chairman Mao is admiration and praise, and he has gained a lot from working with Chairman Mao.
In the memory of Liu Shaoqi's secretary, the most books on Liu Shaoqi's bookshelf are the books of Chairman Mao, Marx, Engels, Lenin and others, of which the largest proportion is still the works of Chairman Mao. In addition, there are some other historical secretaries, such as the Zizhi Tongjian. Liu Shaoqi's secretary mentioned that he would make a lot of marks in each of his books, and would also put bookmarks to facilitate the next reading.
According to Liu Shaoqi's children' recollection, when they were young, Liu Shaoqi often told them about the importance of learning and reading, and under the influence and guidance of Liu Shaoqi, their family also developed a good habit of taking time out of time to read books every day, and this habit has always accompanied Liu Shaoqi's children throughout their lives. They also learned many stories from it that were not in life.
However, if Comrade Liu Shaoqi had simply "rigidly moved" the things in the books, he would certainly not have won Chairman Mao's favor. Comrade Liu Shaoqi not only studied and understood various theoretical knowledge in many aspects and in depth, but also paid great attention to how to apply this knowledge to practical practice.
He once profoundly said to other comrades: "China's past failures have almost always been theoretical failures, regardless of whether theory applies to the present situation." ”
He also quoted Chairman Mao many times to emphasize the importance of theoretical study, saying: "Chairman Mao once said in a conversation with me that if there are one or two hundred people in our Party who really understand Marxism-Leninism, it is equivalent to overthrowing a Japanese imperialism. ”
Liu Shaoqi also believes that the combination of theory and practice is only the most basic ideas and methods, and it is more important to pay attention to the basic knowledge of politics, culture, economy and other aspects at the same time, in addition, history is a huge treasure house, to draw nutrition from it, to absorb lessons, the history of the country and other countries must be reflected and considered.
Over the years of getting along, Liu Shaoqi keenly observed Chairman Mao's extraordinary talents, which led to his first request within the Party to write Chairman Mao's thought into the Party Constitution. Although in their later years, they were in different positions of consideration of national interests and disagreed, Chairman Mao still regarded the differences of opinion between the two as "contradictions among the people" and as a normal argument between comrades.
On January 13, 1967, Chairman Mao and Comrade Liu Shaoqi jointly participated in the Central Work Conference. When the meeting was about to end, Chairman Mao quietly told his secretary, saying: "Xiao Xu, please tell Comrade Liu Shaoqi about it, and ask him not to leave after the meeting. ”
Chairman Mao's secretary, Xu Yefu, also quickly conveyed Chairman Mao's words to Comrade Liu Shaoqi. After the meeting, Chairman Mao and Comrade Liu Shaoqi had a conversation lasting more than an hour.
As soon as the two old men met, they looked at each other and smiled, shook hands and sat down separately. Chairman Mao was the first to speak, asking Liu Shaoqi about his recent family situation, where his children were, and how they were now. After briefly replying to Chairman Mao's question, Liu Shaoqi also expressed concern for Chairman Mao's recent physical condition. After that, the two shared their experiences and feelings in their respective work in detail, although there were still some differences of opinion between the two, but there was no contradiction, just a simple discussion. These are only the "gentleman's disputes" of the comrades in the party, and the two are only discussing together with the original intention of exchange and study.
After the conversation, Chairman Mao personally sent Liu Shaoqi to the door, and also graciously held Liu Shaoqi's hands, looked into Liu Shaoqi's eyes with affection, and said, "You must study well and take good care of your body."
According to Chairman Mao's secretary's later recollection, Chairman Mao's conversation with Liu Shaoqi was very pleasant; after Chairman Mao bid farewell to Liu Shaoqi, Comrade Liu Shaoqi had a bright smile on his face, and Chairman Mao's mood when he returned to his office was also very happy.
But this became the last time Chairman Mao and Liu Shaoqi, two old men, met. Two years later, on November 12, 1969, Comrade Liu Shaoqi left us forever, with his enthusiasm for the country and his full belly of poetry, he was a great Marxist, a staunch proletarian revolutionary, politician, theoretician, and the founding father of the People's Republic of China.
After his death, the whole party, the whole army, and the people of all nationalities in the country expressed their deep regret, and this generation of heroes who loved to read and pursued faith left us in this way.
But the story between him and Chairman Mao is still circulating in the folk, and there will always be people who remember his dedication and dedication, there will always be people who will learn a new spirit from the deeds he studied late at night, and there will always be people who will remember him.
In Liu Shaoqi's hometown, Huaminglou Township, Ningxiang County, Hunan Province, the Comrade Liu Shaoqi Memorial Hall is open forever. Every year, many people come to pay tribute to this proletarian revolutionary and remember his life of struggle for the People's Republic of China.
A new era has arrived, and in the face of the challenges and opportunities issued by the new era, we can only continue to study, take the revolutionary heroes such as Chairman Mao and Liu Shaoqi as examples, constantly enrich our knowledge reserves, and strive to become a new young man with ideas and responsibilities in the new era! Live up to the mission and responsibility of the times, and live up to the current foundation laid by countless predecessors! With vigorous vitality and perseverance! Keep learning until the last minute!
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