Deep reading 丨 A glance at the thousand-year vicissitudes of biquan Behind the reconstruction of Biquan College at Xiangtan University

The picture shows BiquanTan in Jinshi Township, Xiangtan County. Photo by Xiao Chang

Hunan Daily, New Hunan client reporter Cao Hui trainee reporter Xiao Chang

Correspondent Li Yaoxiang

In Xiangtan at the turn of summer and autumn, the breeze wrapped in the heat wave, the reporter all the way over the hill, over the lotus pond, through the grass, hurriedly walking. In Biquan Village, Jinshi Township, Xiangtan County, a Wang Qingtan, emerald green and clear, clear to the bottom; In the interplay of algae and leaves, the water waves are not happy, and they are as clear as mirrors.

If it were not for the three characters of "BiquanTan" carved on the stone wall on the west bank of this pool, and the stone stele of the biquan Academy site standing only a hundred meters in the southeast, the gushing shape of this nearly thousand-year-old living water "twisting sand and swirling waves, shangqi snail bun", the prosperity and grandeur of this nearly thousand-year-old school "far away from the country, near the earth wind", I am afraid that it would have long been buried in the vast sea of history books, and it was drowned in the fireworks of the human world of chai rice oil and salt.

Literati and scholars shouted with their arms raised, stirring up the ripples of this "eye" spring pool. At the end of July this year, Xiangtan University decided to establish Biquan College on the basis of the original Department of Philosophy and History, and Xiangtan County also planned to restore the old appearance of the college on the original site. The reconstruction of the shuangshu district is aimed at sweeping away the dust of history, reliving the spiritual food of the Huxiang School that "makes people look at the floating and opening up", regaining the prosperity of Biquan Academy's "stealing the victory of fang and present academic sources, and not out of the right side of the lake", and sweeping away the desolation and vicissitudes of "the library is lonely, and the grass and trees are also Qianqian"...

The sinking pool is quiet, and the remnants of the monument are unknown

In early August, the reporter and his party set off from the Yi folk river in Xiangtan County, and all the way forward, they arrived at the biquan of "the south of the dongting, the west of Xiaoxiang, looking at Hengshan Mountain, and a hundred miles away".

"This is the birthplace of the Huxiang School, the earliest school of science in the Southern Song Dynasty." Chen Daixiang, a professor in the Department of Philosophy of Xiangtan University, said that the Huxiang School is a regional school founded by Hu Anguo and Hu Hong's father and son, and is an important branch of Song Ming's theory.

After dozens of steps, biquan pond is embedded in the side of the road. The pond is ten meters square, and the depth is unknown. The west side is backed by mountains and trees. Looking down, you can see the quiet water of the pool, and the grass is swimming freely. Standing near the pool, I feel cool and refreshing. The Guangxu magazine "Xiangtan County Chronicle" once recorded: "The sand gushes into beads, like pouring rain, and the objects are all jade colored, and the so-called 'clear blue is like dyeing' in the "Youdi Jisheng". At the bottom of the spring there are small golden lotus flowers, there are strange trees on it, and the shade is constant at four o'clock. ”

Walking along the creek, bare-chested country children playing between the canals, splashing and sparkling. Along the way through the channel, the ruins of Biquan Academy are hidden on the right side of the road. The green tiles and white walls and carved beams and paintings of that year were burned in the war at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, and then repaired and destroyed several times until they were destroyed in the 1980s. Today, the ruins are obliterated in a few half-old red brick houses, leaving only a stone stele that has been eroded by the years, lying alone in yellow mud, with few people paying attention.

"In the Song Dynasty, the 'Huxiang School, indiscriminately coveted here'. Don't look at it in the countryside, but it was a place admired by students from all over the world. He Gejin, an expert in xiangtan literature and history, said.

He Gejin introduced that in 1129 (the third year of Song Jianyan), in order to avoid the social turmoil brought about by the invasion of jin soldiers in the south, Hu Anguo, who was an official in the dynasty, at the invitation of Xiangtan disciples Li Ming and Yang Xun, crossed dongting Lake to the south and came to Biquan. His family also bid farewell to the hermitage in Jingmen, Hubei Province, and came here to meet and live in the house. Later, after some wandering and displacement, he returned to Biquan in 1133 (the third year of Song Shaoxing) and established a library.

Although Biquan is located in a remote area, because a generation of Hongru lived in seclusion, scholars from all over the world kept going, "living in the mountains and many guests". Hu Anguo was impressed by current events and vigorously promoted his study of honoring the king, the inner saint and the outer king, attaching equal importance to the body and use, and unifying knowledge and action. After huxiang students received their training, they suddenly felt that "Mr. Si Yan pierced through seven holes, which made people's eyes float and open." Among them, there was Zhang Yu, the son of Zhang Jun, the prime minister of the Southern Song Dynasty and a famous anti-Jin general.

In 1138 (the eighth year of Song Shaoxing), Hu An Guodao returned, and the posthumous masterpiece "Spring and Autumn Biography" was passed on to later generations. His son Hu Hong inherited his father's business and repaired and expanded the original library and renamed it Biquan Academy. Three years later, Hu Hong, feeling inspired by the "Ren Xi Tan Ben", founded his Confucian view of sexual nature, so he built the "Youben Pavilion" on the Biquan Pond and wrote the "Youben Pavilion Record" to remember it. The Huxiang School, the core culture of Hunan, began to take shape at this time. The Southern Song Dynasty theorist Zhen Dexiu pointed out: "The winner of stealing fang's current academic stream has not come out of the right side of the lake. Huang Zongxi, a great thinker in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, also believed: "The Hunan school was the most prosperous at that time. "Hunan has also become a state of science because of the formation and spread of Huxiang studies, from a barbarian land.

After more than 30 years of hard work here, with the death of Hu Hong in 1161 (the thirty-first year of Song Shaoxing), some of the students of Biquan Academy moved north to Changsha Yuelu Academy and county school, and some went to Chengnan Academy. Around 1165 (the first year of Emperor Xiaozong of Song's Qiandao), Hu Hong's two great disciples, Zhang Yu and Biao Juzheng, successively presided over the study of Yuelu Academy, and they inherited the study of Hu Shi, from the scholars to the four seas, and Huxiang Studies also broadcast Shenzhou, which was able to develop at a higher level and enter the heyday. At that time, the students of the world hated Hu xiang who could not die.

"It can be said that Biquan Academy is the source of the prosperity of Huxiang culture and the place of theoretical innovation of huxiang school. Biquan Academy and Yuelu Academy successively became the important towns of Xiangxue in the Southern Song Dynasty. Chen Daixiang said.

The floater strangled his wrist and raised his arm to shout horseshoe disease

Shi Nan once wrote in "Portrait of Father and Son of Wending Gong Zan Youyou": "Gurudwara Hu Wending Gong Academy, Cangyan Bishu, Intersecting Pulpits, Danya Cuibi, Qu Hu Jing Shuai, make people feel awe and respect, and the Spring and Autumn Great Righteousness bingran, and the heavens and the sun are illuminated."

"It is the father and son of the Hu clan and the students of Biquan Academy who have been studying physics for many years in this land, exploring the subtleties, working hard, paying attention to the practical application of the world, and being able to practice them, so that they have the prominent position and prestige of Huxiang culture in modern times." Standing between the ruins, He Gejin, who was wandering in the strange wilderness of the hidden mountains, could not help but sigh, "But now, the academy is a tile without a roof, and the grass is barren. ”

"Yuelu Academy has always been prosperous and developed, and now it has become a world-famous cultural business card, but Biquan Academy, as the source of the prosperity of Huxiang culture, has gradually fallen silent because it has not insisted on running the school, and the torch has not been passed on, which is really stifling!" Chen Daixiang said.

On June 23 last year, Chen Daixiang's proposal to rebuild "Biquan Academy" swept the Internet. He believes that Biquan Academy is a golden signboard of Huxiang culture, which has incomparably precious invisible value. The reconstruction of the academy is to find the source of history for the Huxiang culture that has shined in modern times, to find a thick historical accumulation for Xiangtan, and to find a spiritual matrix for overseas Neo-Confucians.

This move was supported by many literati and scholars, who rushed to call for signs. People from all walks of life, represented by Chen Daixiang, also believe that the re-prosperity and long-term vitality of Biquan College need to be supported by matching school-running conditions and a solid disciplinary foundation.

As early as 2001, the "Xiangxue Research Institute" was established, and the series of "Xiangxue" series, "Xiangxue History" (upper and lower volumes), "Huxiangxue Case", "Huxiang School in the Pioneering Period" and other series of books and works were all the earliest masterpieces of sorting out and excavating the Huxiang School in China. Taking the philosophy discipline of Xiang University as the leader and integrating relevant academic resources inside and outside the university, it can provide solid academic support for the construction of Biquan College.

In the same year, on the basis of many visits and investigations, a reporter from the Xiangtan Branch of Hunan Daily wrote an internal reference entitled "Rebuilding the "Biquan Academy" to Continue the Thousand-Year Context." Neiguan suggests that Biquan College be placed in Xiangtan University as a Huxiang cultural research institution, and an independent second-level college (operating with reference to the Yuelu Academy model of Hunan University) be established to support the provincial key scientific research platform and support the creation of a national social science platform; Give preference to cultural industry funds, career development project funds and provincial key scientific research projects; Support for land allocation, planning and design, infrastructure projects, etc.; Promote the employment of cultural celebrities as the dean of the college, and recruit talents at home and abroad.

The internal reference was paid attention to by the provincial leaders in charge, and the Xiangtan Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government took advantage of this east wind to clearly rebuild Biquan College at Xiangtan University.

At the end of July this year, Xiangtan University decided to establish Biquan College (under the Department of Philosophy and the Department of History) on the basis of the original Department of Philosophy and the Department of History (both of which are second-level institutions). At the same time, it was decided to appoint Professor Chen Daixiang as the first dean of Biquan College after the reconstruction.

The two courtyards were rebuilt, and the millennium cultural context was run in Sanxiang

"The turbulent blue spring follows the spring and autumn, and the Cangcang Cloud Ridge lays the foundation of Xiangxue Hongji." This poem, inscribed on the pillar of the "Youben Pavilion", symbolizes the thousand-year-old and ever-new way of the saints.

"A modern History of China, more than half of it was written by Hunan people. There is a consensus in the academic circles: 'Since the Qing Dynasty, Hunan has produced many talents and made great achievements, and the world is unparalleled.' 'The reason why Huxiang in modern times is full of heroes and stars shine is due to the nourishment of Huxiang culture that has been used through the ages. The Huxiang School, founded by Hu Anguo and Hu Hong's father and son based on Biquan Academy, is also highly respected by Neo-Confucians in Hong Kong, Taiwan and overseas in modern and contemporary times. Chen Daixiang said.

For the reconstruction of Biquan College, the Xiangtan Municipal Party Committee and the Xiangtan Municipal Government have been deliberately doing it since 2010. Since last year, the leaders of the Xiangtan Municipal Party Committee have led the heads of relevant departments to Biquan Village for field investigation; In January this year, the relevant person in charge of the municipal government held a special scheduling meeting in this regard.

"At present, the Xiangtan City National New Urbanization Comprehensive Pilot Implementation Plan (2016-2020) has been officially read, which clearly proposes to 'actively promote the cooperation between Xiangtan University and Xiangtan County to rebuild Biquan College'." Hong Xuemin, vice president of the Party School of the Xiangtan Municipal Party Committee, told reporters.

"This holy water of BiquanTan is the source of the Huxiang School and nourishes the thousand-year-old cultural context of the Three Xiangs. We will combine the existing advantages of the school to actively promote this work, carry forward the excellent Chinese culture, and promote economic, social and cultural development. Liu Jianping, vice president of Xiangtan University, said.

"Based on the survey visit, we put forward the idea of rebuilding the double campus. The two campuses are about 30 kilometers apart, one in the urban university and one in the Qingya Scenic Area, which is connected by highways. Chen Daixiang said.

Chen Daixiang introduced that the specific vision of Xiangtan University has two aspects. The first is to restore the ancient buildings of the academy on the site of Biquan Academy, cooperate with the development of Biquan and Yinshan culture in Xiangtan City, and open it as the Huxiang Cultural Exhibition Hall, which is also the biquan Academy Research Institute, undertaking the tasks of protecting the ruins, displaying Huxiang culture, visiting and touring. The construction of the college and the protection of historical sites have become one, and at the same time, people's nostalgia for the history and culture of the original site can be comforted. The second is to rebuild the headquarters of Biquan College on the campus of Xiangtan University, integrate into the modern education system, and use the high-quality resources of Xiangtan University's academic research, talent training, cultural inheritance and innovation, and social services to give play to the practical functions of Biquan College.

At present, the physical building and site selection and reconstruction of the College are in full swing.

The Guangxu magazine "Xiangtan County Chronicle" records: "When the water trickles through the Jinshi, it is as if it were returned to Hong Kong, and it is also named after the text, if it is a proof." If the water rushes out of the port, the east flows into the temporary pond and the water, and the East Biquan spring comes from the Tang Dynasty. The Hu Ancestral Hall is dedicated to worship, originally in the Hidden Mountain, the spring goes to the mountain far away, and now the Hu people are still flourishing. The only site of the college is the foundation, and if the house is revived, it will be beautiful. "More than a hundred years later, Xiangtan City not only revived the Zhai She, but also let the ancient style of the thousand-year-old cultural vein moisten the three Xiangs, which lasted for a long time and lived endlessly."