[sic] The so-called ruler of the country must be in line with his family, and his family cannot be taught, but those who can teach others have nothing. Therefore, the gentleman did not leave home, but became a teacher in the country. Filial piety, so the matter is also. Brother, so the chief also. The merciful, so make the multitudes also. The Kang Shu says, "Ru Bao Chi Zi." "If the heart sincerely seeks it, although it is not in the middle, it is not far away." Those who did not learn to adopt children, and those who married later also. One family is benevolent, one country is prosperous; one family is let go, one country is prosperous; one person is greedy, and one country is in turmoil; this is the case. This is a matter of words, and one person determines the country. Yao Shun led the world to benevolence, and the people obeyed it. He led the world to violence, and the people obeyed it. What he commands is contrary to his favor, and the people do not obey. It is therefore the gentleman who has all his own self, and then asks for others. There is no self, and then there is no one. Those who hide in the body are not forgiven, but can be used as a metaphor for all, and there is no one. Therefore, the rule of the country is in Qi Qi's home.
"Poetry" Yun: "The peach of death, its leaves." The son of Yu Gui, it is appropriate for his family. "It is advisable for his family, and then he can teach the people of the country." "Poetry" Yun: "Yi brother Yi brother." "Brother yi, brother, and then you can teach the people of the country." "Poetry" Cloud: "Its instrument is not the same, it is all around." "It is the law of father and son and brother, and then the law of civil law." This is called governing the country in Qi Qi's home.
The so-called stabilization of the country lies in the harmony of the family. It is not a matter of not being able to educate the family, but being able to teach outsiders. Therefore, a gentleman can cultivate the country without leaving the family. Filial piety and compassion are used to serve the monarch and love, and benevolence is used to rule over the people. The Kang Shu says, "It's like loving a baby." "Sincerely seeking public opinion, even if it is not in line, it will not be too far apart." No one learns to raise children before getting married. The practice of benevolence in a family can be extended to the rise of benevolence in a country; a person's greed and violence can lead to a country's rebellion, and this is how the opportunity to control chaos is changed. This is called a word can defeat a thing, and a person can determine his country. Yao Shun ruled the world with benevolence, so the people followed in benevolence and righteousness. Tyranny reigned supreme, and the people followed suit. Decrees are the opposite of what they do, and the people will not follow. Therefore, a gentleman who has good deeds himself can then lead others to do good; he has no evil deeds himself, and then he can stop the evil of others. It has never been a selfish thing to be selfish and cannot push oneself and others, but it can convince people's hearts. Therefore, to stabilize the country lies in bringing harmony to the family.
The poem says, "The peach wood is young and strong, and its leaves are luxuriant." This woman is married, and her family is harmonious. "The family is harmonious and shun, and then the people of the country can be educated." The poem says, "Brotherhood." "Brotherhood and harmony, then can educate the people of the country." The poem says, "A king and a man of one virtue are given to the kingdom of the four directions." "Gentlemen, fathers and sons, brothers, can be an example for the world, and then the people will follow suit." That is to say, to stabilize the country lies in the harmony of the family.
【Notes】
[1] To govern the country is to be at home
"Yi Family": "Family, Li Privet." "Yan" said: Family, the female is in the inner position, the male is in the outside position. Men and women are righteous, and the righteousness of heaven and earth is also. The family has Yan Junyan, and the parents are also called. Father, son, brother, brother, brother, husband, woman, and wife, and the family is righteous. Right home and the world is set. "Elephant": The wind comes out of the fire, family. A gentleman acts with words and things. ”
Song Huyi's Zhou Yi Kouyi (vol. 6): "This is called the family, and the gai saint uses this as the method of governing the family." The way of the husband's family, the way of the husband's family, begins with the woman, what is it? The nature of a husband and woman is weak and impermanent, and its likes and dislikes follow others, so that if a gentleman wants to rule his home, he will straighten out his body and his daughter, and he will straighten out his boudoir. The ranks of father and son, the order of honor and inferiority, the order of the elder and the young, each has its own righteousness. If the family is right, and then it is given to rule the world, it can be obtained and correct. ”
Song Guo Yong's "Guo Family Heirloom Easy To Say" (vol. 4): "The rule of a family, so it is the basis for governing the country and the world." And the way of the family is also the same as the way of governing the country and the world. The Qi family began as husband and wife, so Shunguan was sentenced to the second daughter, and King Wen was sentenced to widowhood, as for the brother. However, the 'Virtuous Virgin' is also the origin of the family way. This is agreed with the first "Poem" "Guan Ju", which is agreed to by concubines. "The name of 'Family' is 'two' and 'five'." Two' and 'five' are the positions of men and women, and those who are known as 'the great righteousness of heaven and earth' are said by personnel, and men and women are considered to be family members. In self-righteousness, then the heavens and the earth, men and women are one. Therefore, men and women are righteous, and there is the great righteousness of heaven and earth, but the saint painting is a gua and a family name, is it really a family affair? The cultivation of the inner, the rule of the country outside, the rule of the world, and the righteousness of the heavens and the earth, the whole family is enough to understand it. Those who are important to the Tao cannot be easily compared. The righteousness of this saint's name is also. ”
Yuan Xiemeng's Yi Jingxue Dayi (vol. 5): "'Liu Two' is within the inner gua, both in the middle and in the right. And the eldest daughter is on top, and the middle daughter is lower, all of them are virgins, and the way of the family should also be virgin. Liu Yao gang and soft are all in power, so for the good of the family way, there is no evil, if it is said by people, then Shun's punishment is on the second daughter, and King Wen's punishment is on the widow. The second 'south', the way of the beginning, the beginning of the concubine, then the virgin, the origin of the family road. "Humanity and heaven and earth merge into three, "Yi" takes the way of humanity tomorrow and the earth, so men and women feel salty to see the love of heaven and earth, couples and couples will always see the luck of the four hours, and "Family" and "Return to Sister" are also the great righteousness of men and women to see heaven and earth. The way of building heaven and earth precedes the sight of male and female couples, so it is said that 'there is heaven and earth and then there are all things, there are all things and then there are men and women, there are men and women and then there are couples, there are couples and then there are fathers and sons', from the source and flowing, the end is known to the original. King Wen's "Yan" only speaks of privet, the origin of weathering, and the beginning of the family road. Confucius interpreted the "Yan", pushing the beginning of the weathering, caring about the male and female positions inside and outside. 'The family has a strict monarch' below, and the father, son, brother, and husband and wife are all inexhaustible. Weathering is formed, and the family path is also formed. In ancient and modern times, how can a person who speaks the right family be like Zhou Youwang Ji as his father, Da Ren as his mother, King Wen and King Wu as his son, Tai Ji Yi Jiang as his wife, And Zhou Gong as his brother, who is not a full-fledged person? The transformation of "Guan Ju" and "Lin Toe" is the push ear of its family. It is said that there is no duality between heaven and man, and the same opportunity is to govern, so those who speak well of heaven will be tested by others, and those who want to govern the country will first gather their homes, and this saint will also be deduced by the way of his family. ”
[2] Gentlemen do not leave home and become educated in the country
"The Collected Works of Rites": Lantian Lü Shi said: "Mencius said: 'It is not difficult to govern, and it is not to be guilty of the giant chamber. The huge room is admired, and a country is admired. 'There are parents on the back, wives on the bow, brothers and brothers, courtiers and concubines, respect and inferiority, and the affairs of a nation. Strict but not strong, lonely and idle, the reason why this family is also righteous. If it is difficult for everyone to be together, if we do not sin against everyone, then why should we govern the country? The grandeur of the five hegemons of the Duke of Qi Huan was unable to straighten out his family, and before he died, the country was in chaos. Therefore, in the life of Yu Shun, the father and son of the whole world, it is only necessary to look at the bottom of the yu. At the time of King Wen, there was no transgression in the world, and only a widow was punished. The heart of ruling the family, so as to add to the country, although there is a difference between size, it is not far away. ”
The Lin clan of Puyang (Guang Dynasty) said: "The key to ruling the world, do not go out of the boudoir seat." In all the countries under the heavens, there are fathers, brothers, and children, but if we are the first to be righteous, we will push this and do the same. King Wen's rule was also punished by widowhood, and as for his brothers, he was subject to his family. Therefore, the three hundred "poems" were headed by "Guan Ju", and it was not the king of duwen. Since Yao Shun Yu Tang, they have all used this way to rule the world, so they should not be close to their fathers and sons and brothers at home. If the family is not right, why teach people? It is a gentleman who does not come out of the family, and pushes this to become a religion in the country. ”
[3] So the king, therefore the chief, therefore the multitude.
The Collected Sayings of the Book of Rites: Yan LingFang said: "The loyalty of the king is the filial piety of the father; the chief is obedient, the brother of the brother; the benevolence of the people, the kindness of the beloved son." The Book of Filial Piety says: "The affairs of a gentleman are filial piety, so loyalty can be moved to the king; brotherhood, so shun can be moved to the long; at home, the rule can be moved to the official." It is in conjunction with this that the so-called 'untouched and taught in the country' is also. The New Anju Clan said: "'Filial piety', 'brother', 'kindness', the reason why the family is also together." If one can cultivate one's body, so that one can teach one's family, one is 'filial piety', 'brother', and 'loving', and the reason why the kingdom is the chief of the kingdom and the way of the multitude is nothing more than that. ”
[4] Ru bao chizi
The Collected Records of Rites: Yan Lingfang said: "The adopted son of a mother, with his heart, is natural, and does not need to learn, and the reason why he makes the people with his words and kindness is that he also adds his heart to the other." Henan Chengshi said: "Imafu Chiko, unable to express his ambition and lust." What man does not know, his mother will not know, but what about those who do not misidentify their intentions? Sincerely love and respect. If he loves and honors his people, as if he were a naked son, what is wrong with him? Therefore, I sincerely ask for it, although it is not far away. The New Anju Clan said: "Cheng Zi has a word, but the naked son has not been able to say what he wants, and for his mother, the heart of love, out of sincerity, then all those who ask for his will, although they may not be in the middle, will not be far away, will they be able to learn and then be able to do it?" The people can speak their minds, but the one who makes them unable to lose sight of their hearts is unaware of the fact that they have no love. According to this, Gai Yimingfu can teach his family, so that there is no mercy, then the people of the country are also unkind, and the basis of the teaching is to ask for a word in the heart. Did he have his way in the first place? ”
[5] "One family is benevolent, one country is prosperous" to "one word is a good thing, one person determines the country".
"The Collected Sayings of the Book of Rites": Lantian Lü Shi said: "The so-called 'one family' and 'one person' are all called Junye. The King, the Opportunity of the Nation. Junren, Mo Is not benevolent; Junyi, Mo is unrighteous, a righteous monarch and the country is determined. The opportunity is like this, the foundation of the homeland is at home, the foundation of the home is in the body, can it be careless? Yan Ling Fang said: "'One word can do things', then the so-called 'one word can lose the state' in the "Language" is also." 'One man determines the country', then the so-called "affairs of one country are the basis of one person" in the poem. ”
[6] What he ordered was contrary to his favor
"Book Junchen": "But the people's livelihood is thick, because things are moved." Disobeying the orders, from the good. ”
Song Huang Lun's Shang Shu Jingyi (vol. 45): Wu Shi (Zhang Jiucheng) said: "Jun Chen will want to change the old habits and customs of the merchant, and there is no need to be obedient to the order, but it is better to listen to his favor." King Wen was in the palace, and Su Su was in the temple, so it was so good that the Jiang Han wandering women, without thinking about committing rituals, the women encouraged their husbands to be righteous. For the sake of the world's fugitive lord, so Yin Yi is not small and big, and the grass steals and commits adultery. Wouldn't it be clear that disobeying the commandments of the Lord and doing well? But I am careful of what I like, and the people are not dissolved, and my good is still unfinished. Mencius said: "Whoever does not do anything, he seeks himself, and his body is right and the whole world returns to him." 'Oh shit! ”
The Book of Rites: "The Son knows: 'In the things that are done, do not follow what they command, but do not do what they do.'" What is good is a thing, and what is below must be something. Therefore, what is liked and disliked by the above must not be careless, and it is also the expression of the people. ’”
[7] A gentleman has all his own self, and then he asks for others. There is no self, and then there is no one.
"The Collected Works of Rites": Lantian Lü Said: "The people can make their hearts convinced, but not their strength; they can be handsome, but they cannot be handsome." The benevolence of Yao Shun, the violence of The Tyrant, so they all follow their favor, but not from what they order. 'There are all self and then seek all, and there is no self and then there is no man', so the handsome and convincing person is also. Its way is also from the beginning of one person's family, so it is also the first. Jiangling Xiangshi said: "This is also the words of those who govern people." Zuo's "Biography" said that "the flawless can kill others, the son wants to be good and the people are good", and there are themselves and then ask everyone to also. Xun Zi's 'do not desire to reward and do not steal', and there is no self and then there is no one. ”
[8] What is hidden is unforgivable
Kong Yingda's "Shu": "Words do not have good deeds in the body, and if you want to refer to people's good deeds, you cannot get it." "The Collected Sayings of the Book of Rites: The New Anju Clan (熹) said: "The word 'forgiveness' refers to the meaning of the heart." Gai is like the heart to govern others, and the heart to love oneself to love others, not to be appeased. However, if a man's heart is righteous, he must be poor in reason and right, so that he who governs himself and loves himself is out of righteousness, and then he can be pushed and pushed to others, and forgiveness is the way, and there is something to speak of. The New An Qian Clan said: "The word 'forgiveness' is a chapter of the program, which can be done by oneself, and the people can also be done, and the country can also be done." So it is a religion, so it is prosperous, so from, if it is only a selfish theory of one's own family, how can it be metaphorical? ”
[9] Poetry Cloud
The Collected Sayings of the Book of Rites: Zhu Shixi said: "The preface of the three poems, the first word 'family', the second word 'brother', the final word 'four kingdoms', is also punished by widowhood, as for brothers, it is also the meaning of the family state." "The ancients will quote the poem, cover it with exclamations, youyou are tired, and there is a kind heart that inspires people, not in vain, and proves the righteousness of this." The matter of the Qi family's governance in this chapter is sufficient for the stationery. Repeatedly quoting "poetry", it is impossible to invent anything other than what it is discussed. However, when trying to read it, it is repeated between chants, the meaning is profound, the righteousness is smooth, the human heart is melted, and there are those who do not know how to dance with their hands and do the same, and they quote the help of the "Poem", and for the multitude, the cover is not alone. Whoever quotes the "poem" and asks for it, the meaning of the leader can be seen, and the use of the "poem" is also obtained. ”
【Interpretation】
The rule of the Qi family begins with "female righteousness", and the key is to use "forgiveness". Therefore, Shunguan was sentenced to the second daughter, and King Wen was sentenced to widowhood. Forgiveness means to push oneself and others. Do not do to others what you do not want. Those who can do it for life with one word, be humble and the world is peaceful, and use this way. Zhu Xiyun: "Although people are stupid, those who blame them are clear." Though wise, forgive yourself is faint. If you can blame yourself with the heart of condemning others, and forgive yourself with the heart of forgiveness, you will not suffer from the sages. ”
Teacher, the meaning of upward and downward effect. He led the world to violence, and the people obeyed it. Han Lu Jia's "New Language: Wuwei": "The people of Yao Shun can be sealed by the house; the people of Yao Shun can be compared to the house and the one who condemns, and the enlightenment is also caused by enlightenment." Song Ru Hu Quan said: "Yao Shun bows to ren, and than the house can be sealed, from its ren also." He commits violence, and than the house can be cursed, from its violence also. "What is good at the top will be worse at the bottom." Therefore, if you are an elder, you can not be careful about what he likes and dislikes!