In the diagnosis and treatment of tumors, early diagnosis and early treatment are crucial, which is also the most effective measure to control cancer. The same is true for oral and maxillofacial tumors, and oral examinations of the oral cavity for 6 months or once a year are the best way and way to diagnose benign and malignant tumors early.
Oral and maxillofacial is a good site of tumors, compared to lung cancer, breast cancer and liver cancer and other common cancers, many people do not know much about the tumors that occur in the oral and maxillofacial areas, resulting in some especially precancerous lesions are easily ignored, so that they cannot be found in time to delay treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to know more about this knowledge in daily life, for healthy people, more understanding of oral health care and oral and maxillofacial tumor knowledge can help us better prevent tumors or timely find precancerous lesions or precancerous states; if it is a patient who has been diagnosed with oral and maxillofacial tumors, more knowledge of this aspect can also help reduce anxiety, avoid "talking about cancer discoloration", and fight cancer with a positive attitude.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > what are the main classifications of oral and maxillofacial tumors? </h1>
Tumors that occur in the oral and maxillofacial areas can be divided into benign and malignant tumors according to their biological characteristics and harm to the human body. In general, benign tumors grow slowly and tend to be expansive, while malignant tumors grow faster and are mostly ulcerated, exophytic, and infiltrative.
Benign tumors of oral and maxillofacial surface generally include odontogenic and epithelial tumors, such as odontogenic keratinous cysts and enamel cell tumors; tumors derived from mesophyll tissue, fibromas, etc.
Oral and maxillofacial malignancies include (1) carcinoma of epithelial origin: from the glandular epithelium, such as adenoid cystic carcinoma; from the squamous epithelium, such as tongue cancer, lip cancer, gum cancer. (2) Sarcomas: such as fibrosarcoma, osteosarcoma, liposarcoma. (3) Other: accounting for about 4%, such as malignant lymphoma, leukemia.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > what are the symptoms of benign oral and maxillofacial tumors? </h1>
Clinically, oral and maxillofacial tumors are mostly benign, tumors grow slowly, most of them are inadvertently found, and most of the tumors are clearly demarcated, no tenderness, and no symptoms of nerve invasion.
The clinical manifestations of different types of benign tumors are different, and the common symptoms of benign tumors of the jaw include changes in the patient's apparent appearance, loose teeth, chewing weakness, or swelling and pain associated with infection. Keratogenic cysts are susceptible to infection, and patients may have symptoms such as pus pus pus, swelling and pain, and limited opening of the mouth. Sebaceous cysts may present with skin adhesions, orange peel-like appearance, generally facial nerve dysfunction, cervical lymphadenopathy.
In addition, the clinical manifestations of infantile hemangiomas are mainly the earliest lesions showing congestion, abrasion-like, or telangiectasia plaques. The first 6 months of life is an early proliferative period in which the tumor proliferates rapidly, prominently bulging the surface of the skin, forming strawberry-like plaques or tumors, up to 80% of the final area. After that, the proliferation slows down, 6 to 9 months is the late proliferation period, and the proliferation period of a few children will last until the age of 1 year, and the tumor body will eventually gradually resolve after several years.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > the treatment and precautions for oral and maxillofacial benign and malignant tumors:</h1>
For confirmed benign tumors of the oral and maxillofacial region, surgical resection is often used. In addition, it should also be noted that some benign tumors have a certain postoperative recurrence rate, so attention should be paid to regular review. For example, mandibular glaze cell tumors are locally invasive, and if surgical resection is not complete, there is a certain recurrence rate after surgery. Another example is adenoid cystic carcinoma, which is more prone to early lung metastasis, so regular chest x-ray or CT examination is necessary.
The frequency of postoperative re-examination can be determined according to the specific tumor type and condition, if it is malignant, it is generally recommended to repeat it monthly in the first year after surgery; repeat every 2 months in the second year; repeat every 3 months in the third year; and repeat every six months thereafter. It is also recommended to have an MRI every six months after surgery to rule out lesions in some deep tissues.
For oral and maxillofacial tumors, early diagnosis and aggressive treatment are key overall. The review of postoperative scientific rules can help to find the recurrence or metastasis of tumors in time, and timely intervention can be given to tumor recurrence, thereby improving the survival time and quality of life of patients.
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