Chen Youyi (1320-1363), one of the famous leaders of the uprising at the end of the Yuan Dynasty. In 1360, Chen Youyi was proclaimed emperor and the state name was Han. In 1363, Chen Youyi and Zhu Yuanzhang fought a decisive battle at Poyang Lake, and as a result, they died of stray arrows when they were defeated and broke through, at the age of 43. Although he was a loser, Zhu Yuanzhang had a very high evaluation of Chen Youyu, "If you forgive and die, it is not difficult for the world to determine." (This is a group of photos of Chen Youyi's cemetery, which truly shows what a king is and a loser.) ）
After Chen Youyi's death, his subordinates "returned the corpse to Wuchang and buried it at the southern foot of Huanghu Mountain (now the south side of the Snake Mountain Diversion Bridge of the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge)." "Chen Youyi Cemetery has become a national cultural relics protection unit as early as 1956, and unlike other cemeteries, Chen Youyi Cemetery does not charge tickets, and the entire cemetery covers an area of about 200 square meters.
【Stone Arch in front of the tomb】There is a three-arch stone arch in front of the Chen Youyi cemetery, and the stone arch is a Republican style, which is very eye-catching. The front book of the archway is "Jiang Han Xianying", and the second forehead book is "Three Chu Xiongfeng". At that time, there were not many people worthy of these eight words, and in the last years of the Yuan Dynasty, the world was in chaos, zhu Yuanzhang, Chen Youyu, Zhang Shicheng, Fang Guozhen, Ming Yuzhen and other people chased the deer in the world, of which Chen Youyu's strength was the strongest, so his final failure was also lamentable.
Regarding the reasons for Chen Youyi's failure, there is such a saying in the history books, "Youyi Struggled with Huang Peng, Tige Jingchu, repeatedly broke through the fortified city, and was solidified as a hero of the first life." However, his commander-in-chief, the end of the heavens, the fierceness of the rare, the cruelty is insatiable, and finally he will die. Zhu Yuanzhang believed that it was: "Zhijiao is a friend and a soldier, a small instrument, a good cause, and a small instrument." ”
【Chen Youyi Cemetery】Chen Youyi Tomb is surrounded by red sandstone material, sitting north to south, backed by the Yangtze River Bridge, in front of the tomb there is a cement-inlaid hemp stone tombstone with more than two meters high, which reads "Tomb of Chen Youyi of the Great Han". If you have visited the Ming Tomb in Nanjing, you will know that Chen Youyu's cemetery is too shabby and simple, and the defeat of the king is clear at a glance.
Flipping through the "Records of Ming Taizu", the author found a passage of Zhu Yuanzhang's evaluation of Chen Youyi's regime, "The government of the Chen clan is not for the brave generals and pawns, but by its arrogance from top to bottom, the laws are relaxed, can not be stoic, and the crowd is widowed, so as to this." Let them be bold and strategic, one heart and one mind, according to the wealth of Jing Chu, the danger of guarding the Jiang Han, crossing the Yu Zhang, even Min Yue, protecting its people, waiting for the opportunity, then enter enough to peek into the Central Plains, retreat enough to resist one, I am safe to take it? If the measure is lost, it will collapse, and this sincerity can also be used as a precepter. Others may have opinions when they say this, and Zhu Yuanzhang, as an opponent, makes sense to say so.
During the Ming Dynasty, Chen Youyi's cemetery gradually became deserted and became the garden of the Hubei Provincial Bureau. In the thirty-fourth year of Guangxu (1908), revolutionaries Wan Yaohuang, Geng Zhongzhao and others accidentally discovered the cemetery and suggested that it be renovated. After the Xinhai Revolution, the Chen Youyi Cemetery was repaired many times, and finally became what it is today.
【Chen Youyi Tomb】 When Chen Youyi was defeated and broke through the siege, he was killed by an arrow in the eye and head, and the second son Chen Li was succeeded to the throne in Wuchang and changed to Yuan Deshou. Just a year later, Zhu Yuanzhang personally marched, and when the large army approached wuchang city, Chen Li surrendered. Zhu Yuanzhang, out of the consideration of "convincing people's hearts", named Chen Li as Gui De Hou. A few years later, Zhu Yuanzhang sent Chen Li to goryeo to settle down, and then Chen Li intermarried with the Goryeo royal family, and his descendants have multiplied to this day.
[Zhu Yuanzhang's Ming Xiaoling] Ming Xiaoling is the mausoleum of Zhu Yuanzhang and Empress Ma, Ming Xiaoling was built in the fourteenth year of Hongwu (1381 AD), because Empress Ma's nickname was "Empress Xiaocigao", and because Zhu Yuanzhang pursued filial piety to rule the world, so it was named "Xiaoling". The scale of the Ming Tombs, south to Xiaolingwei, east from Linggu Temple, west to the city wall, 2.62 kilometers deep, mausoleum circumference of 22.5 kilometers, is China's largest existing, the most complete preservation of the imperial tombs, it directly affects the Ming and Qing dynasties for more than 500 years of the imperial tomb shape.