March 3, 2021 is the eighth World Wildlife Day, with the theme of "Promoting Green Development and Promoting Harmonious Coexistence between Man and Nature". The Nanchang Wildlife Conservation Administration and the Agricultural and Forestry Office of the Nanchang Wanli Administration bureau jointly carried out the "World Wildlife Day" theme publicity activities to enhance the public's understanding of the newly released "List of Wild Animals under National Key Protection" and consolidate the results of wildlife fasting.
Nanchang City is located in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, located in the north of central Jiangxi Province, at the Ganjiang River, FuheWeilu, Poyang Lakeside, belongs to the subtropical monsoon area, mild and humid climate, abundant rainfall, four distinct seasons, diverse ecological environment, many wild animals inhabit and breed here.
According to statistics, there are 56 species of major mammals in the city. Nanchang City has recorded 34 species of amphibians and reptiles, belonging to 2 orders, 4 orders and 15 families: 11 species of amphibians in 1 order and 5 families, 23 species of reptiles in 3 orders and 10 families; 22 species of mammals, belonging to 7 orders and 12 families. Among them, there are 2 species of 2 families of carnivorous, 3 species of 2 families of Pterodactylidae, 1 species of 1 family of Rabbits, 8 species of 2 families of Rodents, 6 species of 3 families of Carnivorous, 1 species of 1 family of Even-hoofed order, and 1 species of 1 family of Cetaceae; There are 542 species of insects.
On February 5, 2020, the State Forestry and Grassland Administration and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs announced the new "List of Wild Animals under National Key Protection", and all 476 species (categories) of wild animals in the original "List of Wild Animals under National Key Protection" were retained, and on this basis, 517 species (classes) of wild animals were added, and finally 988 species (classes) of wild animals were included in the new list. Of these, 686 species (classes) are managed by the forestry and grassland department and 302 species (classes) are managed by the fisheries department.
According to the information of the "Directory of Wild Animals under National Key Protection" attached to the Announcement of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (No. 3 of 2021), combined with the second survey of terrestrial wildlife resources in Jiangxi Province and the results of the survey of waterbirds in poyang Lake Area for 22 years, there are 184 species of wild terrestrial vertebrates listed in the national key protection in Jiangxi Province, the number of wild animals under national key protection has increased from the original 20 species to 44 species, and the number of wild animals under national secondary key protection has increased from 68 to 140 species, compared with the original list. There are 24 species of wild animals under national first-level key protection in Jiangxi Province (including 1 species of aquatic species), of which the wild animals promoted from the three national protected wild animals to the national first-level key protected animals are the Oriental White Stork, the Blue-headed Diving Duck, the Blue-crowned Noisy Stork, the Black-billed Gull, the Spoon-billed Sandpiper and the Yellow-breasted Bunting; the wild animals upgraded from the national second-level key protected wild animals are pangolins, big grey cats, small civet cats, jackals, golden cats, white-naped cranes, colored storks, colored ibises, black-headed white ibises, black-faced spoonbills, yellow-billed egrets, Hainan saltfish, and small blue-footed storks. There are 18 species of curly-winged pelicans, vultures, black eagles, grassland eagles, and Yangtze River finless porpoises (aquatic).
Among the newly added national first-level key protected wild animals, the blue-crowned noisy stork is unique to Jiangxi Province, and the Oriental White Stork, The Blue-headed Diving Duck, the White-naped Crane, the Pangolin, the Curly-wingEd Pelican, the Yangtze River Finless Porpoise, etc. account for the highest proportion of the total population in Jiangxi Province, and the Jinggang Ridge Snake is unique to Jiangxi Province among the newly added national second-level key protected wild animals, and the proportion of species such as Hongyan, Great Wren and Little Sandpiper in Jiangxi Province is also not small.
Blue-crowned Noisy Stork:
One of China's unique rare bird species, the blue-crowned noisy grebe, is now only about 200 in Wuyuan, Jiangxi. The blue-crowned noisy stork is a genus of noise grebes of the family Finches, formerly known as the yellow-throated noisy grebe. The blue-crowned noisy stork has a recorded distribution in Wuyuan, Jiangxi and Simao, Yunnan, with a very narrow distribution area and a rare number. At present, the known distribution range is only in Wuyuan, Jiangxi, and the number of wild populations is about 200. In 2007, the Blue-crowned Grebe was listed in the International Red Book of Birds of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and is critically endangered. On February 5, 2021, it was listed as a national-level key protected wildlife.
In September 1919, a French priest acquired three specimens of the Blue-crowned Noisy Stork in Wuyuan, which he then sent to the Xujiahui Natural History Museum in Shanghai. Bai Yongnian, director of the museum, gave two of the specimens to France and preserved them in the National Museum of Natural History in Paris. However, for 77 years after 1923, there was no record of the discovery of the blue-crowned noisy stork in Wuyuan, and the population distributed in the Simao area had no collection record or field observation record after 1956.
In 1993, a member of the British Bird Protection Society accidentally spotted a yellow-throated noisy stork in Hong Kong Bird Market, mixed with export thrushes from Chinese mainland. An international correspondence confirmed that the yellow-throated bird was from Wuyuan, Jiangxi. In search of its surviving companions, an internationally funded survey was launched in Wuyuan in 1997. On May 14, 2000, when the staff of the Wuyuan County Forestry Bureau was conducting an investigation in the Hexi Bingying Forest Nature Conservation Community in Qiukou Town, they suddenly heard several birdsongs that had never been heard before in the forest, so they used the telescope to find a sound, and accidentally found a group of bright yellow birds with a throat active in the forest, and roughly counted it, there were more than 30. Experts have confirmed that this is the blue-crowned noisy stork that bird research experts are looking for. For a time, this discovery shocked the global natural science community.
In order to protect the blue-crowned noisy stork, a critically endangered species, in 2001, the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) included the construction of the Wuyuan Blue-crowned Noisy Stork Nature Conservation Community in China's Rare Species Conservation Mini-Fund Project. Over the years, Wuyuan has been adhering to the concept of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, and has created 193 natural ecological, rare animal and water conservation nature conservation communities. In 2015, Wuyuan County formulated and promulgated the "Wuyuan County Blue-crowned Noisy Stork Nature Conservation Community Protection and Management Measures", which further clarified the main responsibility of management and protection from the level of promoting population breeding, and established a management mechanism such as target management, technical support and financial guarantee. In 2016, part of the Wuyuan Xingjiang River basin and its forked tributaries of the wetland ecosystem, as well as the surrounding beaches and part of the mountain woodland, were awarded the Raoheyuan National Wetland Park, which is an important habitat for the blue-crowned noisy stork. At the same time, strengthen daily patrols, control bird watchers to enter the habitat of blue-crowned noisy storks, reduce human interference, and purify the habitat environment. Blue-crowned noisy stork only breeds and inhabits between the green mountains and rivers of Wuyuan, but where to overwinter is still a mystery, from the rediscovery of the population so far is still about 200, Wuyuan's protection measures are very in place, the means of protection are also constantly innovating, but the number of blue-crowned noisy stork population has not increased significantly, which is a mystery to be solved.
Blue-headed Diving Duck:
The blue-headed diving duck (scientific name: Aythya baer) is a critically endangered species worldwide, with fewer than 1,000 individuals. Listed on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013 ver 3.1 – CriticalLy Endangered (CR). On August 1, 2000, it was included in the "List of Terrestrial Wild Animals with Three Presences". On February 5, 2021, it was listed as a national-level key protected wildlife. 40% of the blue-headed diving ducks winter in Jiangxi every year. Yugan County's Shahu Lake, Jiujiang Saicheng Lake, Jiujiang East Lake and other outer lakes are wintering grounds with a relatively concentrated population of blue-headed diving ducks, with a total of more than 400, all of which have been properly protected, attracting researchers and birdwatchers from all over the world to flock to the north.
The blue-headed diving duck is a bird of the genus Dipter in the family Phylumidae. The body is relatively round, the head is relatively large, the male duck head and neck are black, green glossy, the eyes are white, the upper body is black brown, the lower back and shoulders are mixed with brown insect beetle-like markings, the abdomen is white, and the chest is maroon. Female ducks have pure brown feathers. The weight is generally 500-730 grams, the body length is 42-73 cm, and some female ducks are longer than the male ducks. They are mainly distributed in East Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia, parts of North America and the south of Australia, the distribution range in China is also very wide, mainly in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia and northeast Hebei in the summer, overwintering, they migrate to Yunnan, Hubei, Jiangxi and other places to live.
Yangtze River Finless Porpoise:
Yangtze River porpoise (scientific name: Neophocaena asiaeorientalis) is one of the two freshwater cetaceans living in the Yangtze River Basin of China, is an indicative species of the Yangtze River aquatic ecosystem, and is an important indicator of the health of the Yangtze River ecosystem. On February 5, it was upgraded from a national second-level key protected wild animal to a national first-level key protected wild animal, known as "giant panda in the water" and "smiling angel". The Yangtze River finless porpoise only lives in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake areas that are connected to it, and nearly 50% of the Yangtze River finless porpoises inhabit the Poyang Lake area. In order to protect this creature, Jiangxi Province has strengthened the protection of finless porpoises by increasing and stocking fish, cracking down on illegal fishing, establishing an information platform, building a reward system, banning fishing in Poyang Lake Area, repairing the ecology of the Yangtze River and Poyang Lake, and improving the living environment of finless porpoises, and helping the construction of the "ecological Yangtze River" in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. According to the survey, the number of Yangtze River finless porpoises is about 1012, of which about 445 are in the main stream, about 110 in Dongting Lake, and about 457 in Poyang Lake. The protection of wild animals in Poyang Lake has a long way to go.
Jinggang Ridge Snake:
The Jinggang ridge snake (scientific name: Achalinus jinggangensis) is a reptile of the genus Vertebrate in the family Cyprinidae, endemic to China. Distributed in Jiangxi and other places, its specimens were collected from mountain roadsides and under rubble. It is found only in Dajing Village, Jinggangshan, Jiangxi. Small snakes, 355-460 mm in total length. The head is oblong-oval, inconspicuously distinguished from the neck, in the eyes, etc., with rounded pupils. 6 (3-2-1) upper lip scales, the first is the smallest, gradually enlarging backwards; The sixth is the largest, equal to or greater than the sum of the first 5. No buccal scales, nor no preorbital scales; 2 temporal scales + 3 (4) and 2 anterior temporal scales into the orbit; The nasal scales and snout furrows are much longer than the internasal scales and snout furrows. The dorsal scales are small and narrow, lanceolate, 23-23-23 rows, the outermost row is large and smooth, and the rest are obviously ridged. 164 abdominal scales for females and 156 for males; 1 scale; The subtail scales are single-rowed, with 51 females and 64 males. The whole body is bluish black, only the posterior edge of the abdominal scales is pale, and the whole body is shiny with enamel metallic luster. On February 5, 2021, this species has been included in the List of Wild Animals under National Key Protection released by the State Forestry and Grassland Administration of China and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs.
pangolin:
Pangolin (scientific name: Manis pentadactyla): Is a mammal of the family Lepidoptera, family Pangolins. The head is 42–92 cm long, the tail is 28–35 cm long, and the body weight is 2–7 kg; the scales are parallel to the body axis, in a total of 15–18 columns. There are also 9-10 longitudinal scales on the tail. The scales are brown, the edges of the scales of the elderly are orange-brown or grayish brown, and the scales of the juveniles that have not yet been horned are yellow. The kiss is slender. The skull is large and conical in shape. It has a pair of small eyes, a narrow and long body, full of scales, thick and short limbs, a flat and long tail, and a slight bulge on the back. Weight and length vary greatly from individual to individual. The tongue is long and toothless. The ears are underdeveloped. The foot has 5 toes and strong claws; the forefoot claws are long, especially the middle 3rd claw, and the hind feet are shorter. The scales of the whole body are like tiles.
Its natural habitats are moist woods in hills, foothills, and plains. Loves the heat and can climb trees. It can dig holes in the dirt that are 2-4 meters deep and 20-30 cm in diameter. The end of the nest is about 2 meters in diameter. Feed on termites, ants, bees, or other insects with long tongues. It is found in Bhutan, China, India, the Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand and Viet Nam.
On 5 June 2020, in order to further strengthen the protection of pangolins, China upgraded all species of pangolins from national second-level key protected wild animals to first-class national key protected wild animals.
In recent years, the good news for pangolins in the country has been continuous, which is gratifying and gratifying, and conservation efforts have begun to bear fruit. In 2020, when the National Pangolin Resources Survey Team surveyed the wild resources of pangolins in Jiangxi, more than 100 new and old pangolin caves were found within a range of 1.5 square kilometers, with a very high density, and 1 case of living animals was also photographed. Hinting that this is probably the most concentrated area and important habitat for pangolins in China. In recent years, 17 live pangolin cases have been found in the north, central east and south of Jiangxi.
White-naped Crane:
The White-Naped Crane (scientific name: Grus vipio) is similar in size to the red-crowned crane, slightly smaller than the red-crowned crane and larger than the white-headed crane. The upper body is slate grey. The tail feathers are dark grey with broad black transverse spots at the ends. When feeding, it is mainly pecked with a beak, or the beak is used to first remove the topsoil, and then peck at the seeds and rhizomes buried below, pecking as you walk. The bird is a rare cage-reared ornamental bird, mainly breeding in Heilongjiang, Jilin and other provinces or farther north of the vast area, in winter partial migration to Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi and other provinces of wetlands for wintering. The total population is 3000-4000 individuals. On February 5, 2021, the white-naped crane was upgraded from a national second-level key protected wild animal to a national first-level key protected wild animal. Every year, 50% of the white-naped cranes winter in the Poyang Lake area. 2021 Waterbirds around Poyang Lake Synchronous Survey Recorded? only.
Eastern White Stork:
The Eastern White Stork (scientific name: Ciconia boyciana) is a large wader with a graceful physique. It winters in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and south of the Yangtze River. On August 1, 2000, it was included in the "List of Terrestrial Wild Animals with Three Possessions" issued by the State Forestry Administration. On February 5, 2021, the species was upgraded to a national-level key protected wild animal. The global population is more than 3,000, and 80% of the Oriental White Storks winter in the Poyang Lake area every year, and 2854 Oriental White Storks were recorded in the 2021 Waterbird Survey around Poyang Lake. Since June 2007, the first time in Poyang Lake district high-voltage tower appeared 3 nests of 13 oriental white stork breeding success, up to now poyang lake area oriental white stork breeding population is expanding, oriental white stork whether it is overwintering population or breeding population, has become a beautiful ecological business card in Jiangxi.
swan goose:
Hongyan (scientific name: Anser cygnoides) is a large waterfowl with a body length of about 90 cm and a weight of 2.8-5 kg. The mouth is black, the body color is light gray-brown, the head to the back of the neck is dark brown, and the front neck is nearly white. From a distance, it looks black on the top of the head and the back of the neck, and the front neck is nearly white, and the black and white colors are clear, and the contrast is strong. Its natural habitats are lakes, ponds, rivers, swamps and their vicinity on open plains and plain meadows. It feeds on the leaves and buds of various herbaceous plants, including terrestrial and aquatic plants, reeds, algae and other plant foods, and also eats a small amount of animal foods such as crustaceans and molluscs. Sexually happy flocks, often in groups, especially during the migration season, often in large flocks of tens, hundreds, or even thousands. It is found in China, southern Siberia, and Central Asia, eastward from the Ob and Tobol rivers to the Coast of Okhotsk, Kamchatka, and Sakhalin Island; wintering in Lake Poyang, Lake Poyang, the Korean Peninsula, and Japan in Jiangxi. On February 5, 2021, Hongyan was upgraded from China's national "three haves" protected wild animals to national second-level key protected wild animals. There are 150,000 Geese in the world, and 60% of the Geese winter in the Poyang Lake area every year. On January 10, 2021, the simultaneous survey of waterbirds around Poyang Lake recorded hongyan. (Courtesy of Liu Chun)
(China Daily Jiangxi Reporter Station Wang Jian)
Source: China Daily