We then introduce Dong Qichang's "Purpose of Painting":
[sic] No ten thousand miles, no reading of ten thousand books, no reading of Du Shi. Draw Doyle.
【Expansion】 Du Fu's poetry is melancholy and full of the spirit of realism, and readers need to have rich experience before they can understand the profound connotation of Du Shi.
[sic] Ma Yuan, Xia Jue's descendants and the four yuan ji, Guan Wang Shuming and Ni Yuanlin's poem "Gu Su Huaigu" can be known.
【Interpretation】Yuan Season: The End of the Yuan.
【Expansion】 The Yuan Sijia refers to Wang Meng, Huang Gongwang, Wu Zhen and Ni Zhan, the Yuan Si are all Gong Zi Han, Wang and Ni You.
[sic] The paintings of the literati began with Wang Youcheng, and then Dong Yuan, Ju Ran, Li Cheng, and Fan Kuan were concubines.
【Expansion】 Wang Youcheng refers to Wang Wei, Wang Wei character Mo Jie, the number of Mo Jie resident, Dong Qichang called Wang Wei the ancestor of Nanzong landscape painting. Dong Yuan, Ju Ran is a landscape painter of five generations, Li Cheng, Fan Kuan is a landscape painter of the Northern Song Dynasty.
[sic] Li Longmian, Wang Jinqing, Minang Gong and Hu'er all came from Dong and Ju, until the Yuan Fourth Emperor Huang Zijiu, Wang Shuming, Ni Yuanzhen, and Wu Zhongfeng were all in the true tradition.
【Expansion】Li Longmian: Ming Gonglin. Zi Bo Shi, trumpet dragon sleep resident, good ancient erudite, Northern Song Dynasty painter. Wang Jinqing: Mingyi, zi Jinqing, Taiyuan people, Song Yingzong's daughter Wei Guoda princess donkey horse, can poetry work book shanshui. Minami Palace: Mi nan. The official ceremonial department member Wailang, Nangong is another name for the ceremonial department. Tiger: Mi Youren's small print. Orthodoxy: Orthodox teaching.
[sic] Wu Chaowen and Shen Ze took over the mantle from afar.
【Interpretation】Wen Shen: Wen Zhengming, Shen Zhou. Mantle: The Buddhist family uses the mantle as a dharma instrument taught by the master and disciple, because it is extended to the ideas, knowledge, and skills passed on by the teacher.
Ruoma, Xia, Li Tang, and Liu Songnian were also the faction of General Da Li, not what Wu Cao had learned.
【Expansion】General Li: That is, Li Sixun, because of his official Zuo Wuwei General. Ma Yuan, Xia Gui, Liu Songnian, and Li Tang were all Southern Song Dynasty painters, and Dong Qichang classified them as Beizong landscape painters.
[sic] Painting is not as good as landscape with the strange theory of the environment, and landscape is by no means as picturesque as the theory of the subtlety of pen and ink. There is a poem in Dongpo: "On painting in the form of a resemblance, see the neighbor with the child; the poem must be this poem, and it must not be a poet who knows." Yu Yue: "This meta painting also." ”
[Interpretation] See: Insight; Insight. Neighbor: Close; close. Poetry of Knowledge: Poetry of Knowledge; Poetry of Appreciation.
【Expansion】 On the painting to resemble the shape, see the neighbor with the child from the "Book of the King of Yanling Painting two folded branches", the original poem is "On the painting to resemble the shape, see the neighbor with the child." The poem must be this poem, and it must not be a poet who knows. Poetry and painting books are all the same, natural work and freshness. Bian Luan Finch sketched, Zhao Changhua conveyed the gods. How two paintings, sparse and even. Whoever occupies a little red, unsheaths the boundless spring. ”
[sic] Chao Yidao shiyun: "The shape of the painting should not change the shape of the object; the poetry conveys the external meaning of the painting, and it is expensive to have the middle state of the painting." Yu Yue: "This Song painting also." ”
【Expansion】 Chao Shuzhi, character with Tao, trumpet Jingfeng, Song Dynasty ink master, scribe.
[sic] Jing Hao, a native of Hanoi, calls himself HongGuzi, Boya is good and ancient, specializing in landscapes and rivers, quite interesting. It is the top of the mountain in the clouds, and it is thick on all sides.
【Interpretation】Hanoi: Ancient refers to the area north of the Yellow River, and also refers to the area north of the Yellow River in present-day Henan Province. There was Hanoi County, which is now part of Henan. Specialty: Expertise. Fun: Good; interesting. Jing Hao was a Liang man from the end of the Tang Dynasty to the fifth generation.
【Expansion】 Jing Hao zi Haoran, the number Of Hongguzi, which is long in landscape painting, studied under Zhang Xuan, absorbed the majestic style of the northern landscape, painted "with pen and ink, water halo ink chapter", the brush of the hook is firm and steep, showing a kind of high and deep loop, the momentum of the mountain hall, for the ancestor of the northern landscape painting school.
The above pictures are selected from Lu Yuan's "Ancient Landscape Album"
[sic] He wrote a volume of "Shanshui Tips", and the language is known: "Wu Daozi paints landscapes with pens but without ink, and Xiang Rong has ink but no pens." I should take the strength of the second son, as a family. ”
【Expansion】Xiang Rong: Tang painter, good at landscape and water. The speaker said that his "Songfeng Tu" was hard and less gentle, but it was quite extraordinary, and it was also a family. Jing Hao put forward the "six points" of qi, rhyme, scenery, thought, pen and ink in the "Book of Penmanship".
[sic] Therefore, guan tong north of the matter. The Jinghao landscape is the crown of the late Tang Dynasty. Those who have no ink cover, see the pen trail and less natural; there is ink without a writer, go to the axe chisel mark and more perverted.
【Interpretation】 To the north; it is said that worshiping others as a teacher; performing the ritual of worshiping the teacher by disciples. Thing: It is said to learn from a teacher. Pen Drop: Write down. Trail: doorway, path. By extension, it refers to traces. Metamorphosis: Changing strange situations.
[sic] Song painting to Dong Yuan, Ju Ran, get rid of the habit of incorruptible fiber portrayal, but writing Jiangnan Mountain is similar, if the coast map must use General Li, the northern pan cha mule gang must use Li Xigu. Guo Heyang and Huang Zijiu painted Haiyu Mountain, Wang Shuming painted The Landscape of The Dragon, and Song Di painted Xiaoxiang during the Song Dynasty.
【Interpretation】Lian Fiber: Small, subtle. Mules: Mule herds carrying goods in groups.
【Expansion】 Li Xigu: that is, Li Tang, the word Xigu. I have not heard of Li Tang painting the northern pan car mule gang. In addition to his good landscapes and figures, he also paints cattle. Haiyu Mountain: The name of the mountain. At present-day Changshu County, Jiangsu Province. In ancient times, there was Haiyu County, and the ancient city was in the east of present-day Changshu County. 苕霅: 苕溪,霅溪二水 In present-day Huzhou, Zhejiang. Xiaoxiang: Refers to the Xiang River, also known as the combination of the Xiang River and Xiaoshui.
[sic] The merger of the three families of Zhao Lingyong, Boju, and BoXiao chengzhi is not sweet, although it is yan but not sweet; the merger of Dong Yuan, Mi Fu, and Gao Kegong is longitudinal and has a law: the two families are like birds and double ji, and I will be old.
【Interpretation】Indulgence: indulgence; indulgence. Method: Approach; Method. ME: Me, us. Old: Sophisticated; skilled. Sweet: Refers to the rich and soft cooked painting style. Tao Zongyi's "Quitting Cultivation Record and Writing Landscape Tips": "Painting is a big point, to remove the evil, sweet, vulgar, and lai four words." ”
【Expansion】Zhao Lingyong: The word "Big Year". Zhao Boju: The word is thousands of miles. Zhao Boxiao: The word Xiyuan. Undertaking: Zhao Lufu. From Song Into the Yuan, the official to the Hanlin bachelor to undertake the will. All three were in the Song Dynasty room.
[sic] The four members of the Yuan Dynasty took Huang Gongwang as the crown, and Wang Meng, Ni Zhan, and Wu Zhonggui confronted him. This number of public appraisal paintings will be accompanied by Gao Yanjing and Zhao Wenmin, and I am afraid that it will not be coupled.
[Interpretation] Confrontation: Generally refers to the competition between the two sides; rivalry. Coupling: Relative; matching.
【Expansion】 Gao Yanjing: that is, Gao Kegong, the word Yanjing. Zhao Wenmin: Zhao Mengfu (赵孟頫), also known as Zhao Wenmin (赵孟頫), was a chinese poet. Gao and Zhao were contemporaries.
The painting characters must take care of the language; the flowers and fruits are exposed to the wind; the birds and beasts go, and the spirit is detached from the truth; the landscape and forest springs are idle and secluded; the houses are deep; the bridges and crossings; the water at the foot of the mountain is clear; and the source of the water source is known. There is this number end, that is, unknown, must be a master.
Gu Pan: Wait and see. Language: Speak. Spirit: Refers to being angry. De-truth: Very real. Idle: Quiet. Spooky: Deep and far away. House: Housing. Depth: From the outside to the inside the distance is large, deep. Bridge Ferry: Bridge ferry. Clarity: Clear; clear.
The above pictures are selected from Wu Zhuo's "Landscape Poetry Album"
[sic] Three days after the Shangyuan Dynasty, friends sold the Juran "Songyin On ancient figures" to the remainders, and the paintings of the remaining hanging zen rooms enjoyed the same viewers. Fu Bing candle sweeps the second picture, and the light is clear to show the guest. Guest: "Junsan Juran Zen Machine, in one night." ”
【Interpretation】Hele: The ensemble of various music is called hele. This should be a concerted music, not a musical music also. Candle: Holding a candle for illumination. Sweep: Draw; Write. Yu Ming: Just Tianming. Oh, adverb, just now. To show the guest: show it to the guest. See: Comprehend; Ponder. Zen Machine: Zen Technique Essentials. Juran is a monk painter, so he has this Buddhist language. Jue: Understood.
【Expansion】Shangyuan: The name of the festival. It is customary to take the fifteenth day of the first lunar month as the Shangyuan Festival, that is, the Lantern Festival.
[sic] Mi Yuanzhang painted, a positive painter fellacious habit, looking at its high self-standard, said "without a little Wu Sheng habits." Youyun: "Wang Wei's traces are like depictions, which is really funny." "Gai Tang painting method to Song Naichang, to the Mi family and change the ear." Although Yu did not learn rice painting, it was easy to fear the flow of people. He tried to imitate it, but he did not dare to lose Dong and His great intentions, and he could not be considered under the good learning.
【Interpretation】Yizheng: Juyi Kuang. KuangZheng. Fallacies: Wrong habits, habits. High self-standard: I tweet very high. Wu Sheng: Refers to Wu Daozi. Rate easy: Frivolous, casual. Z: Now, now.
【Expansion】 Xia Hui: That is, Spring and Autumn Lu Liu Xia Hui, sitting with a woman for one night without sexual immorality. A woman is damaged by the wind and rain house at night, and tends to a man's house to hide, and this man learns that Yanagi Shimoe does not approach the woman, and refuses to accept it. See "Poetry Xiaoya Xiangbo" Mao Biography.
[sic] Mi Yuanhui called himself an ink drama, and he was full of false habits in the history of painting throughout the ages, although the right man was also denigrating the river, causing a huge eye. Yu Yiyi, talking with Gao Yanjing up and down, can not do the change of the father and son of the Mi family.
【Interpretation】Foot righteousness: enough to correct. Denigrate: Slander; blame. To: Conjunctions. So much so, so. Giant Eye: Metaphor refers to sharp discriminating ability.
【Expansion】 Mi Youren Character Yuanhui, nicknamed Brother Yin, Ao'er, lazy old man in the evening. Gao Ke Gong Zi Yan Jing, Trumpet Fang Shan.
[sic] Wang Shuming's paintings come from Zhao Wenmin's charm, so they resemble his uncle; they also flood the famous masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties and take Dong Yuan and Wang Wei as their ancestors, so their indulgence and versatility are often outside the specifications of Wen Min. If Shu Ming specializes in teaching Wen Min, he may not be hidden by Wen Min. Because of the painting of The Uncle Ming's pen meaning and it.
[Interpretation] Exactly like: very similar, very similar. Wang Meng, nephew of Zhao Mengfu. Flooding: Immerse yourself in the expo. For the Sect: For the Suzerain, for the main purpose. Brushwork: The mood expressed in the finger painting.
【Expansion】 Wang Meng's maternal grandfather was Zhao Mengfu, Zhao Mengfu's wife Guan Sheng, Zhao Mengfu's son Zhao Yong, and Zhao Mengfu's grandson Zhao Lin were all famous painters.
The above picture is selected from Liu Yu's "Landscape Album"