I. The influence of Cao Cao's tuxu in Xuzhou
In fact, before Cao Cao slaughtered the city of Xuzhou, he was no different from Lü Bu and other princes. To say that Cao Cao at this moment has a "heart of disobedience" is purely an overestimation of Cao Cao.
At that time, when Cao Cao was first in the alliance to fight Dong Zhuo, he was beaten by Dong Zhuo's general Xu Rong and almost died, and had to re-recruit troops to buy horses. Then he worked for Yuan Shao, crusading against poison, Bai Huan, and so on. Yuan Shao was very satisfied, and Cao Cao became the Taishou of Dong Commandery, and he had territory.
It is equivalent to saying that Cao Cao at that time still belonged to Yuan Shao's younger brother. Saying that he wanted to get rid of Yuan Shao's control and want to float independently was no problem. As for the "heart of disobedience", is it too far away?
It is precisely because of this that Cao Cao did the "slaughter of the city of Xuzhou". In the words that modern people understand, Cao Cao is positioning himself in the position of a migrant worker, and naturally how comfortable he is, there will be no "high-level thinking" at all.
As a result, Cao Cao was comfortable, but Tu Xuzhou brought him two major influences, one belonged to the near term and the other was long-term. The long-term influence became one of the reasons why Cao Cao failed to dominate the world.
Long-term impact: Zhuge Liang was cultivated. At that time, Zhuge Liang was only about 14 years old and was living a peaceful life in his hometown in Langya County (which belonged to the Xuzhou region). As a result, Cao Cao led his troops to kill this swoop, and zhuge Liang, in order to survive, fled thousands of miles with his uncle to Jingzhou, which gave rise to the later "Wolong".
What kind of excitement will this experience leave for a teenager who is about 14 years old? It must be that he hated Cao Cao to death. So how did you let Zhuge Liang grow up to be a talent and run to Cao Cao? In the end, Zhuge Liang followed Liu Bei and helped Liu Bei grow rapidly, so much so that during the Great Battle of Hanzhong, Liu Bei turned around and defeated Cao Cao.
Moreover, after the deaths of Cao Cao and Cao Pi, Zhuge Liang played with the Northern Expedition and riveted enough to overthrow Cao Wei. There is not only the belief of Kuang Fu Han Room, but at the same time, who can deny that there is no heartfelt hatred for Cao Wei?
Recent impact: Let Cao Cao almost receive a box lunch in advance. Because Cao Cao became crazy to avenge his father, and as a result, the rear was on fire, and Chen Gong and Zhang Mi actually took the opportunity to join Lü Bu into Dong County, almost taking Cao Cao's old nest. In order to retake Dong Commandery, Cao Cao was almost killed by Lü Bu in the Battle of Puyang. It was during this period that Cao Cao had a sense of collapse.
Therefore, when Yuan Shao wrote to invite him and his family to go, Cao Cao was really moved. Fortunately, Cheng Yu roared angrily to block: If you go, there is no future, and you will be pinched by Yuan Shao in the palm of your hand for the rest of your life. Cao Cao suddenly woke up, gritted his teeth and insisted on waiting for change, and finally ushered in the time of overturning, beating Lü Bu to Liu Bei's Xuzhou.
At this moment, there was obviously a question: why did Chen Gong and Zhang Mi betray Cao Cao, but unexpectedly unite with the recognized "white-eyed wolf" Lü Bu?
2. Lü Bu, Zhang Mi and Chen Gong
First of all, let's say Lü Bu. About Lü Bu is a white-eyed wolf, three surnames of family slaves, etc., this is actually the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" facial setting! The real Lü Bu, in the early days of the Three Kingdoms, whether famous or "praised", was higher than Cao Cao, not to mention our "Uncle Liu Huang".
The Eighteenth Route Princes cut Dong Zhuo, but it became a joke, Dong Zhuo was not only fine, but also wrapped up in the Han Xian Emperor to move the capital to Chang'an, and burned Luoyang, still arrogant! So who killed Dong Zhuo? It was Lü Bu!
Therefore, with this one thing, Lü Bu's fame and praise soared, and he was recognized by Emperor Xian of Han and many courtiers. Cao Cao was a small role at the time. As for Uncle Liu Huang - I'm sorry, who is Uncle Liu Huang? Not many people knew about Liu Bei.
Otherwise, when Kong Rong recommended Liu Bei to Tao Qian to save Xuzhou, Liu Bei would not be surprised and shouted: "What, my Liu Bei's fame is known to Kong Rong?" "Typical unexpected sense of surprise!
That is to say, Lü Bu belonged to the positive figure at that time, and the "warm weather" personally sealed by the emperor's eldest brother had the great merit of saving the country and protecting the country, which was far more "dazzling" than the small role Cao Cao! This is one of the reasons why Zhang Mi and Chen Gong chose to unite with Lü Bu. Of course, there is Also Lü Bu Xiaoyong, who is considered to be invincible to Cao Cao!
Secondly, Zhang Miao. Zhang Mi was one of the Eighteen Princes of the Eighteen Roads, and also a good brother of Yuan Shao and Cao Cao! Zhang Mi was also one of the famous "Eight Cooks" at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. The so-called cook, the word can save people with money. Although his origin is not comparable to that of Yuan Shao's fourth and third dukes, he is also a large family at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and has been well-known in the world as early as the "Dang Gong Period".
Therefore, Zhang Mi was a force independent of Yuan Shao. When he met with Dong Zhuo, he always did not listen to Yuan Shao's greetings, which made Yuan Shao very faceless, so Yuan Shao assigned Cao Cao: "Go!" Kill Me Zhang Miao! ”
Why did Yuan Shao assign Cao Cao to kill Zhang Miao? There is no way, the real Cao Cao in history entered the "Three Kingdoms Jianghu" as an assassin, but it was not in the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", Meng De sacrificed his sword to assassinate Dong Zhuo, but Cao Cao assassinated the eunuch Zhang Rang!
So where did Cao Cao go? No! At that time, Cao Cao shook his head and said, "Zhang Mi is our brother, if today is chaotic like this, but you can't even tolerate your brothers, how can you be the boss?" Later, Zhang Mi learned of this and was eager to "smack" Cao Cao twice. Since then, Cao Cao and Zhang Mi have become closer and closer.
So much so that when Cao Cao first went out to attack Tao Qian, he entrusted his family to Zhang Mi and said: "If I don't pay back (died in battle), I will go to Yi (surrender) meng Zhuo (Zhang Mi)." So, since they are such a good pair of brothers, why did they break it later? This has to start with Chen Gong!
Its three Chen Palaces. Because the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" added the scene of "catching and releasing Cao Cao" to Chen Gong, and let him witness Cao Cao kill Lü Bohao's family, and shouted out "I would rather teach me to bear the people of the world than teach the people of the world to bear me", Chen Gong angrily went to Lü Bu. As a result, this brother is very famous.
But in fact, the real Chen Palace was not so tall. Chen Gong was subordinate to the Yanzhou scholar class, and in order to avoid Yanzhou being sacked by the Yellow Turban Army, Bao Xin asked his good brother Cao Cao for help, and as a result, Bao Xin was killed. Therefore, Chen Gong supported Cao Cao as a Yanzhou lady. In fact, he wanted Cao Cao to join forces with the powerful forces of Yanzhou like Liu Biao in Jingzhou.
Cao Cao was much more ruthless than Liu Biao, and actually killed the Yanzhou celebrity Bian Rang. This is equivalent to conveying this terrible signal to the Yanzhou scholars and the powerful class: Any scholar and strong person must first submit to Cao Cao, and then talk about others!
Cao Cao's fangs not only made Chen Gong terrified, but also made Zhang Mi feel that this day could not be passed, because he was the most powerful and powerful man in Yanzhou!
Zhang Chao's younger brother, Zhang Chao, was even more eager to bite Cao Cao to death. So in 194, when Cao Cao attacked Tao Qian for the second time, Zhang Chao joined forces to drive Cao Cao away. Chen Gong took the opportunity to persuade Zhang Mi, and because he was worried that he would not be able to defeat Cao Cao, he attracted Lü Bu again!
3. Why did Cao Cao's disposition differ?
After Cao Cao overturned the plate and beat Lü Bu away, Zhang Mi fled. Cao Cao killed Zhang Mi's entire clan without saying a word. Zhang Mi was finally killed by his own subordinates. However, when Baimenlou killed Lü Bu, Cao Cao unusually tried to persuade Chen Gong to surrender, and after seeing that it was irretrievable, he promised Chen Gong to treat his family kindly, which killed Chen Gong with tears.
Now the question arises - Zhang Mi and Chen Gong both betrayed Cao Cao and almost killed him! Why was Cao Cao's disposition so different? In summary, there are two reasons.
One: the gap between meeting and not seeing is too big
People with a little social experience know that sometimes doing things, even if the relationship between the two is good, but meeting and talking, and not meeting to talk, are completely two effects. Cao Cao and Zhang Mi were equal to never seeing each other again until they died! We can assume that if Zhang Mi had been tied up like Chen Gong, how would Cao Cao have reacted at that time?
I'm afraid the first reaction is to jump up and angrily rebuke it! After all, we are brothers of many irons, but you poked me in cao cao's heart! Then Zhang Miaokai said, just say it, the more you say that the feelings of the two people are more cathartic - this is inevitable.
Therefore, as long as they meet and talk, although Zhang Mi will still be killed (this I am sure, I will talk about it later), the situation of his family is obviously much better than not meeting! Because Cao Cao at that time was far from cultivating to the point of "becoming a jing" when he killed Xun Yu later, he was not so cold-blooded and ruthless!
But when the two did not meet, the situation was different, and Cao Cao lacked an emotional burden - kill and kill, as long as I don't come forward!
Looking at Chen Gong again, it belongs to another style of painting. His relationship with Cao Cao was far from being as good as Zhang Miao's, and Cao Cao's first sentence after meeting him was: "Dude, you are usually so cattle, how clever you claim to be wise, have you ever thought of this ending now?" ”
This is completely Cao Cao's teasing of Chen Gong, like a cat catching a rat and eating it before playing. Unexpectedly, Chen Gong came to climb the pole and said: Lü Bu has caused trouble, he wants to listen to me, can you Cao Cao still be so squealing.
In this way, the two of them were involved in the family one sentence after another, and Chen Gong immediately said: "(Chen) Gongwen will not harm the relatives of the people who rule the world with filial piety, and the existence of the old mother is also in the Ming Gong (Cao Cao)." Just this sentence made Cao Cao unable to come down, because the height was too high, and there were many bystanders.
Second, the degree of threat is different
Zhang Mi was a member of the Gate Valve Clan and had always been the boss, and these two articles alone proved that Zhang Mi was a greater threat to Cao Cao.
From Cao Cao's conversation with Chen Gong, it can be seen that Chen Gong is an old mother who was also entrusted to Cao Cao to raise, and it is obvious that Chen Gong's family background is very general.
Now that these two people are in front of you, what will you do with them? Definitely kill Zhang Mi and persuade Chen Gong to surrender! That is, get rid of an opponent and find an assistant!
That is to say, from the perspective of the degree of threat (the role of oneself), it is doomed that Chen Gong will be given preferential treatment, and even if Zhang Mi really meets Cao Cao, he will still be unable to escape death. It's just that when Cao Cao disposed of Zhang Mi's family, he might raise some noble hands so that the whole clan would not be killed!