Lizards, either as a separate order, The Lizards, ARES, or as a suborder of the reptile squamata, the suborder Sauria, juxtaposed with the suborder Serpentes, which is different from the classification system, and I am more accustomed to using the lizards. There are 4 suborders.
Depending on the classification system, the specific number of lizard families varies, and I like to use the 18 family system. The 18 sections are as follows:
Agamidae Iguanae (Flying Lizard Family)
Iguanidae American iguana family (Iguanidae[ Taiwan]
Chamaeleonidae (Chameleonidae)
Gekkonidae Gecko family (Shogunaceae[Taiwan])
Pygopodidae Lepidoptera (Caudalis)
Cordylidae African Lizard Family (Ring-tailed Lizard Family, Salamander Lizard Family)
Scincidae Lithopodaceae
Lacertidae Lizard family (Orthopteridae)
Teiidae American Lizard family
Xantusiidae Yellow Lizard Family (Night Lizards, Warty Lizards)
Dibamidae Bipedal Lizard Family
Anguidae Snake Lizard Family
Anniellidae Worm Lizard family (North American snake lizard family)
Helodermatidae Dinoflagellaceae
Xenosauridae Heterocharidae
Shinisauridae crocodile lizards
Lanthanotidae Pseudopositaceae (Borneo lizard family)
Varanidae monitor lizards
In addition, the cuneiform lizard (beaked lizard) does not belong to the lizard, although its appearance is similar to that of a lizard, but the skeletal structure is much different from that of the lizard. Listed as a beak boss separately. The lizards are also not lizards , and have the same status as the suborder Lizards in the scaly system , and are suborder Lizards. It can also be juxtaposed with lizards in the reptile order. The same is introduced here.
In addition, the scientific name is Latin is not Chinese, this should not be confused. The official Chinese name is called Chinese the correct name, but the market exchanges a lot of lizard names, especially foreign species, many are not formal Chinese names, mostly English literal translation or self-conjecture, so the names given in this post are basically official Chinese names, as for the market common name will also be mentioned. Because it is to write the classification, it is better to use the formal Chinese name taken from the classification point of view, and to be honest, some market common names are quite undisciplined.
Beak boss Rhynchocephalia
Sphenodontidae of the cuneiformes
Sphenodon, a genus of wedge-toothed lizards
This is an ancient order, only 1 family and 1 genus and 2 species remain in the genus, so it is called living fossils. The head has a parietal eye, both having a "third eye" but this eye can only sense light, not image, the two are the wedge-toothed lizard Sphenodon punctatus and the spotted wedge lizard Sphenodon guntheri, which became extinct in the last century. Distributed only in New Zealand, it is a world-class rare animal, living in caves with birds, nocturnal, feeding on insects and birds, and the tail can cut itself off, but the regeneration is incomplete. Long lifespan.
Chinese proper name: Wedge lizard
Scientific name: Sphenodon punctatus alias: beaked lizard The colloquial name for merchants and players is too undisciplined to be listed. This type does not belong to lizards, remember.
Let's get down to business
Iguania, a suborder Iguania
Iguanaceae Agamidae
The body size is small to medium to large, the head and back do not have symmetrical scales, the appendages are long, the scales on the surface of the body are often ridged, and the row of scales in the center of the back of many species is usually raised, called hyena scales. The tongue is short, does not fork or micro-fork, usually does not spit out, only spits out when drinking water and predation, and can adhere to insects. Most are predatory, a few plant-feeding. It is found on the Asian continent, the African continent, and the Australian continent, and the regions are the Palearctic, Oriental, Tropical, and Australian boundaries. The most abundant species are in the Eastern Ocean. Taiwan translates this family as "flying lizard family" and american iguana (see below) as "iguana family". Personally, I don't feel right.
Chinese proper name: iguana
Scientific name: Agama agama alias: common iguana Market commonly known as: rainbow flying lizard
The origin of the scientific name of the iguana is to determine the genus name according to its species name, and then set the family name. There is a neck hyena, the dorsal hyena is underdeveloped, and has the ability to change color. It is a staple insect that is distributed in central Africa.
Chinese proper name: Stone iguana
Scientific name: Agama atra
Species of the same genus as the common iguana, which also have the ability to change color, are distributed in the mountains of South Africa and feed on insects.
Chinese name: Xinjiang rock lizard
Scientific name: Laudakia/Agama stoliczkana Alias: Xinjiang iguana.
Some taxonomists have separated some species from the genus Agama to form laudakia, a genus of rock lizards, distributed in Xinjiang, China, which mainly eats insects and occasional plants.
Chinese name: Desert Lizard
Scientific name: Psammophilus dorsalis
Iguanas, which become bright in color during the breeding season, are distributed on the highlands of India. Feeds on insects
Chinese name: Lison lizard
Scientific name: Acanthosaura lepidogaster Market commonly known as: alpine horned dragon, cross-collared lizard
The genus spinosaurs are characterized by posterior orbital spines (but not necessarily spinosaurs) with spiny spinosaurs). With a certain ability to change color, males are more colorful and females are darker. It is found in broad-leaved forests and rainforests of South and Southeast Asia, where it feeds on insects.
Chinese proper name: Liwen climbing lizard
Scientific name: Japalura splendida alias: Liwen Dragon Lizard
Species of the genus Climbing Lizard have neck hyenas, but the dorsal hyena is underdeveloped. It is mainly distributed in the woods of subtropical areas. This tympanic membrane has scales, and the yellow-and-white stripes between the eyes and the upper lip scales are the main feature. It is one of the most common lizards on the domestic market. This species is a specialty of China and is distributed in central and southwest China.
Chinese proper name: grass green climbing lizard
Scientific name: Japalura flaviceps Alias: Grass Green Dragon Lizard
Species of the same genus as Li Wen distinguish between the yellow and white stripes between the eyes and the upper lip scales that do not have Li Wen, and the grass green eyes have radial black stripes, while Li Wen does not. This species is also a specialty of China, mainly distributed in central China.
Chinese proper name: Ryukyu climbing lizard
Scientific name: Japalura polygonata alias: Ryukyu dragon lizard
This species is mainly distributed in Japan, and personally feels that it is the most beautiful species in the genus Climbing Lizard, especially the J.p. ishigakiensis subspecies in Tuli. In addition, the yellow-mouthed climbing lizard, which is a subspecies of the species in Taiwan, J.p. xanthostoma.
Chinese proper name: Tree Lizard
Scientific name: Calotes calotes Aliases: Common tree lizard, green tree lizard
A model species of the genus Tree Lizard, with well-developed dorsal and cervical hyenas, with strong discoloration abilities. The body is green with white streaks, and the head of the male can turn bright red. It is found in India and Sri Lanka.
Chinese proper name: Brown-backed tree lizard
Another species of the genus Tree Lizard. This species also has the ability to change color, and the difference in color change will be large. This species has a posterior orbital spine, i.e. a small spine behind the eye. This is one of the bases for distinguishing it from other tree lizards. This can be clearly seen in the figure. It is distributed in South China and Southeast Asia.
Chinese proper name: White-lipped tree lizard
Scientific name: Calotes mystaceus
Another species of the genus, the tree lizard, which also has discoloration, is distributed in The Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia and Yunnan in China. Feeds on insects.
Chinese proper name: color-changing tree lizard
Scientific name: Calotes versicolor Folk name: horse mane lizard
This species is one of the most common lizards in Southeast Asia, and is also found in southern China, with a bright red head and red forelimbs for males during the breeding season. It is more common in the market and feeds on insects.
Chinese proper name: flying lizard
Scientific name: Draco volans Alias: Common flying lizard
Lizards with a special body have wing membranes on the side of the body and can glide between branches. There is a laryngeal sac. Act quickly and live in tall trees. Distributed in Southeast Asia, this species is not found in China, but there are the same genus of naked-eared flying lizards Draco blanfordi and spotted flying lizard Draco maculatus.
Chinese proper name: Long iguana
Scientific name: Physignathus cocincinus Market commonly known as: green water dragon, Chinese water dragon
Large species in the family Iguanae, up to 1 m long, with well-developed dorsal and necked hyenas, males are more developed than females, sexually water-loving, edible insects, fish, frogs, and even mice. It is a common species in the market.
Chinese proper name: long iguana
Scientific name: Physignathus lesueurii Market commonly known as: Australian water dragon
It is the only species in the genus that is found in Australia and is found in eastern Australia. Same as the long iguana, it is also water-loving.
Chinese proper name: Bengal horned lizard
Scientific name: Gonocephalus belli Market commonly known as: Bell crown lizard
Hyenas are also very developed species , with purple spots in the larynx. There have been many people who have mistaken this species for a long iguana and caused a lot of controversy, but in fact, the distinction is still very obvious on closer inspection, the scales of this species are not the same as those of long iguanas, and the purple spots of the throat sac are also easy to distinguish. Distributed in Southeast Asia.
Chinese proper name: head horned lizard
Scientific name: Gonocephalus chamaeleontinus Market commonly known as: chameleon crown lizard
A model species of the genus Cephalopod, with the ability to change color, the male is bluedish and the female is greenish. It is found in Malaysia and Indonesia.
Chinese proper name: red cotton-headed horned lizard
Scientific name: Hypsilurus/Gonocephalus boydii Market common name: Boyde Forest Dragon (although it is a literal Translation in English, but the name is still slightly undisciplined)
The taxonomic status of the species is slightly controversial , and in recent years some taxonomists have divided it from the genus Gonocephalus to the genus Hypsilurus , but there are still taxonologists who believe that it belongs to the genus Gonocephalus and back together. Distributed in Australia.
Chinese proper name: wax lizard
Scientific name: Leiolepis belliana Market commonly known as: Butterfly Lizard
The skin is rough, and the ribs can be unfolded and displayed in bright colors as a warning. Males have brighter ribs, while females are duller. It inhabits the sandy land around the coast, burrows and feeds on insects. Because Hainan and other places are superstitious about this kind of supplement, and use its skin to impersonate the skin of a large gecko and hunt in large quantities, I personally believe that it is the lizard that is most threatened by the current domestic population. In addition, the so-called giant butterfly lizard, originally one of its subspecies L.b.guttata, is now a taxonomist who separately forms it into L.guttata. The domestic wax-skinned lizard is the subspecies L.b.rubritaeniata under it, but it is also believed to be an independent species, L.reevesii.
Chinese proper name: color-changing sand lizard
Scientific name: Phrynocephalus versicolor Market commonly known as: capuchin sand lizard Folk name: toad head lizard.
The genus Sand Lizard is the most heterogeneous species in the iguana family. This species is the dominant species of grassland reptiles, which is distributed in Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Xinjiang and other places in China, and mongolia abroad, with a large distribution area. Feeds on insects. Speaking of it, I have to say the name "capuchin sand lizard", which is one of the most unruly colloquial names I've ever seen. Why is it so, there are many species of sand lizards, and cross-distribution, so the sand lizards on the market will often be a variety of mixes, like the more widely distributed grassland sand lizard (see below), desert sand lizards are likely to enter the market. And all sand lizards are capuchined. So the name Capuchin Sand Lizard is used to refer to individual species as unscientific. As for the scientific name of the so-called "capuchin sand lizard", Phrynocephalus maculatus, Phrynocephalus nejdensis is called the spotted sand lizard and the Neizhi sand lizard respectively, and the two species are sand lizards distributed in West Asia, and will not be sand lizards in the Chinese market.
Chinese proper name: prairie sand lizard
Scientific name: Phrynocephalus frontalis Market commonly known as: Capuchin Sand Lizard Folk name: Toad Lizard.
The name Capuchin Sand Lizard is not recommended, as already mentioned above. This distribution is also widespread, so it is easy to enter the market. Feeds on insects.
Chinese proper name: big-eared sand lizard
Scientific name: Phrynocephalus mystaceus
The largest species in the genus Sand Lizard, up to 15 cm long. The corners of the mouth have ear-strong skin folds, and the lower neck and shoulders and chest turn pink during the breeding season of males. It is only found in Huocheng, Xinjiang, and is distributed in Central Asia.
Chinese proper name: Hidden Drum Lizard
Scientific name: Tympanocryptis lineata
It resembles a sand lizard, but is a species distributed in the desert of central Australia, and can be regarded as convergent evolution with the sand lizard. Similar to the sand lizard niche.
Chinese proper name: double-hole lizard
Scientific name: Diporiphora australis
Lizards found in north-eastern Australia. It inhabits the sand dunes or woods of the coast, is semi-arboreal and feeds on insects.
Chinese name: Hero Lizard
Scientific name: Sitana ponticeriana Alias: Reflexive Lizard
This species has a huge throat fan and is very gorgeous. Because the throat fan is displayed, the body is thrown back very high, so the name reflexive lizard is given. It is found in South Asia and feeds on insects.
Chinese name: The lizard
Scientific name: Lyriocephalus scutatus
The species is characterized by protrusions on the nose, distributed in the rainforests of Sri Lanka
Chinese proper name: Spiked coliform lizard
Scientific name: Amphibolurus muricatus
The sex of this lizard is determined by temperature and is distributed in central and eastern Australia. It feeds on insects and occasionally eats plants.
Chinese proper name: ornamental lizard
Scientific name: Ctenophorus/Amphibolurus ornatus
It is found in desert lizards in western and central Australia. Originally, it was the genus Amphibolurus, and in 2000, the genus was divided from the original Genus Amphibolurus into the new genus Ctenophorus, and the original Genus Amphibolurus was left with only the upstairs and another.
Chinese proper name: The Lizard
Scientific name: Pogona vitticeps Market commonly known as: Mane Lion Lizard
There is already a lot of information about this species, so I will not introduce it here. The English literal translation of this species should be bearded dragon, the scientific name of the species name should also have nothing to do with the mane lion, the name "mane lion" is said to have been thought up by the Japanese. In addition, this species once belonged to the genus Amphibolurus, which was separated in 1999. In addition, there is the Pogona barbata, which looks very similar to this species, the so-called Eastern Maned Lion Lizard, and the Pogona Vitticeps is the Central Maned Lion Lizard.
Chinese's name: Demon Lizard
Scientific name: Moloch horridus
A strange-looking lizard that moves slowly. There are many fine grooves on the body, which can transport water to its mouth through capillary action. It has a certain ability to change color and feeds on ants.
Chinese proper name: Cloaked Lizard
Scientific name: Chlamydosaurus kingii alias: Umbrella Lizard
A large species in the family Iguanae with a body length of up to 1 m. When frightened, it will spread the skin folds of the head to intimidate the enemy, and when running, you can lift the forelimbs and run quickly with only the hind limbs. Distributed in Australia.
Chinese proper name: sea lizard
Scientific name: Hydrosaurus amboinensis Market commonly known as: Giant Spotted Sail Lizard
There is a sail-like structure on the tail. This species has the same ability to run on water as the South American crested lizard. It can reach a length of up to 1 meter and is listed as the largest species of iguanas alongside the long iguana and the cloaked lizard.
Chinese proper name: Philippine sea lizard
Scientific name: Hydrosaurus pustulatus Market commonly known as: Philippine spotted sail lizard
Another species in the genus Hydrosaurus, inhabits the tropical rainforests of the Philippines and is omnivorous.
Chinese proper name: Crowned lizard
Scientific name: Lophocalotes ludekingi
It is a single species of lizards distributed on the Indonesian island of Sumatra.
Chinese name: Maned lizard
Scientific name: Salea horsfieldii
This species has a batch needle type dorsal hyena. It is found in southwestern India.
Chinese proper name: Ornamental thorn-tailed lizard
Scientific name: Uromastyx ornata Market commonly known as: Gorgeous King Lizard.
Like the "maned lion", the name "King Lizard" is neither a scientific translation nor an English translation, and should also be conjured up by the Japanese. Various king lizards are species of each genus of spiny-tailed lizards. Species of this genus are often used as food in the region of origin, and due to the prototype of pets, the population in the wild is also threatened. It is found in the Sahara Desert of Africa.
Chinese proper name: Thorn-tailed lizard
Scientific name: Uromastyx aegyptius Market commonly known as: Egyptian King Lizard
Another species of the genus Spiny-tailed Lizard , distributed throughout North Africa. The so-called Syrian king lizard is its subspecies U.a. microlepis
At this point, the iguana family ends with a list of all the genera of the iguana family and the official Chinese names of some of the genus
Acanthocercus
Acanthosaura spinosaura genus
Agama iguanas
Brachysaura
Bufoniceps
Chelosania Big-eared Lizard genus
Coryphophylax
Cryptagama
Dendragama
Gonocephalus head horned lizard genus
Harpesaurus Spp
Hypsicalotes
Laudakia rock lizard genus
Lophocalotes crested lizard genus
Mictopholis heterorapidate lizard genus
Oreodeira
Oriocalotes Heteroscaled Lizards
Phoxophrys
Phrynocephalus sand lizard genus
Psammophilus Desert Lizard genus
Pseudotrapelus
Trapelus
Xenagama
Amphibolurus Beard genus
Arua
Caimanops
Chlamydosaurus cloaked lizard genus
Ctenophorus
Diporiphora diporiphora genus
Hypsilurus sharp-headed forest lizard genus
Lophognathus Crested Lizard genus
Moloch Saladend
Physignathus long iguanas genus
Pogona sauropod genus
Rankinia
Tympanocryptis Cryptophoric lizard genus
Aphaniotis Malay lizard genus
Bronchocela
Calotes tree lizard genus
Ceratophora horned snout lizard genus
Cophotis capuchin lizard genus
Draco Flying Lizard genus
Japalura climbing lizard genus
Lyriocephalus Lyriocephalus lizard genus
Mantheyus
Otocryptis Cryptolepithecus lizard genus
Ptyctolaemus Laryngeal Lizard genus
Rankinia – heath dragons
Salea Mane Lizard genus
Sitana Hero Lizard
Tikiguania
Hydrosaurus sea lizard genus
Leiolepis wax-skinned lizard genus
Sarah
Uromastyx spiny-tailed lizard genus
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