The Compilation of The Southern Yunnan Materia Medica, Volume I, Page 496, Heavy Floor Map
Yunnan Provincial Institute of Materia Medica supplement "Yunnan Materia Medica" in the Dianzhong Lou map
Author: Su Guoyou
Known as the "plant antibiotic", It is one of the representative drugs of yunnan precious medicinal materials. Although the record of the heavy building has a long history, the historical heavy building has not been shrouded in the aura of "famous medicine", and its understanding and development and utilization have gone through a tortuous road.
The "Lower Quality Era" of the Heavy Building. The heavy building was first published in the Shennong Materia Medica. In this earliest surviving pharmaceutical work compiled by many doctors in the Qin and Han dynasties, Zhonglou is called Xuan Xiu, Shu Xiu, etc., and listed as the next medicine. The Shennong Materia Medica divides the medicine into three types: upper, middle, and lower, with the upper one nourishing life, the middle one nourishing, and the lower one nourishing the disease. The so-called drugging refers to "those who are poisonous and cannot be taken for a long time, who want to get rid of the cold and heat evil qi, break the accumulation, and cure the disease." Since then, although the Han "Famous Doctors" and other medical books have recorded the heavy building, most of them only record their names, places of origin, shape, etc., and their utility is rarely recorded. Song Dynasty Zheng Qiao's Tongzhi vol. 75: "Flea Xiu Yue Xuan Xiu ... It is used by the family, and the stems and leaves are also cute, and they are mostly planted in the courtyard. The Ming Dynasty Chronicle also contains: "The Golden Thread Is Heavy Building... Everywhere, there are no pickers. "Even in Yunnan, Zhonglou is not a famous medicine." Among the properties recorded in the Ming Wanli "Yunnan Tongzhi Volume II Geographical Chronicle", the "Heavy Boat" in Dali Province is listed as the 66th of the 116 drugs, the "Golden Thread Heavy Building" in Heqing Province is listed as the 46th of the 47 drugs, and the "Heavy Boat" in Yao'an Province is listed as the 30th of the 44 drugs. Tomorrow's "Dian Zhi" only records the property of Heqing Province, "Golden Line Heavy Building", and ranks last among the 11 drugs in the province. Until the Qing Dynasty, when Wu Qitao's "Botanical Names and Facts Tu Kao" recorded that flea Xiu (Chonglou), he said that "there are many in the mountains of Jiangxi and Hunan, and people also plant them..." That is, heavy buildings can be seen everywhere, and because of the cute stems and leaves, they are mostly planted in the courtyard, although they are used by people, but they have long been used as "lower products" and are not valued by people.
The two sayings of the north and the south bear witness to the occurrence of "miracles". For the heavy building, there are two sayings of one south and one north that make people remember. The Southern Sayings first appeared in the "Yunnan Materia Medica" model, which says" "Customary Cloud: 'It is a sore not a sore, first use a heavy building to detoxify the soup.'" And said, "This is the ultimate medicine of surgery." Indications for the treatment of all nameless swelling poisons. The model was written by Fan Hong in the thirty-fifth year of Ming Jiajing (1556), and the manuscript of Qing Gao Hongye and Zhu Jingyang is the earliest biography of this book. The Collation Of the Southern Yunnan Materia Medica follows this theory. The northern colloquialism is found in the Compendium of Materia Medica. After telling people that "the golden thread of the heavy building is everywhere, born in the deep mountains and wet land", Li Shizhen recorded "the proverbial cloud: 'Seven leaves and one flower, the deep mountain is my home, and the carbuncle is like a person who encounters it, it is like a hand', yes and also. This shows that as early as the Ming Dynasty, the use of heavy buildings to treat the disease of sores and carbuncles has been recognized in many places. Today, the folk in Pu'er and other places in Yunnan are still rumored to use heavy buildings to boil chicken to detoxify and eliminate sores. This reflects that the use of "heavy building detoxification soup" to treat boils and carbuncles has been deeply rooted in the folk in Yunnan and is widely used.
The "discovery" of Chonglou and its "habits" in Yunnan. The heavy building once had different names such as flea hugh. "Compendium of Materia Medica" Volume 17 "Grass No. 6" Flea Hugh "Interpretation": "Shi Zhen Yue: The poison of insects and snakes, when this cure is to rest, so there are fleas and stings." And other names, "heavy platform, three layers, because of its leaf shape also." Gold thread, heavy building, because of its flower shape also. Gansui, because of its human root shape also. Purple River car, because of its function also. After investigation, the records of the medicinal use of the heavy building in the past dynasties mainly include Song Leshi's "Taiping Huanyu Record" volume 127: Flea Hugh "used anti-rest grass to heal snake wounds, and sand lice used heavy building grass." Lan Mao's "Yunnan Materia Medica": "Worm, a purple river car, also known as a one-legged lotus." The taste is hard and the sex is slightly cold. Attack all kinds of sores poisonous carbuncles, good for urination. Unilateral: cure the woman's nipples are not passed, redness, swelling and pain, and the child is blowing. Order water and wine to serve. Li Shizhen's "Compendium of Materia Medica": "Shi Zhen Yue: Purple River Car, Foot Yin Sutra Medicine." It is appropriate for those who have experienced seizures, malaria, fistulas, and carbuncles. This tells us that in the Ming Dynasty, with the deepening of practice, people's understanding of heavy buildings has developed by leaps and bounds. Among them, the record of "Yunnan Materia Medica" is innovative but not widely disseminated, and the "Compendium of Materia Medica" has effectively promoted the understanding and spread of the efficacy of malaria and fistula in addition to the treatment of insects and snakes. In the Qing Dynasty, Zhao Qiguang's "Materia Medica Seeking Origin" volume Yiyun: "Seven leaves and one branch of flowers, sweet, beneficial to the spleen, juice flat, the clear qi of the stomach, up in the lungs to benefit the blood", the application of the heavy building deep into the "lungs". Wu Qitao's "Botanical Names and Facts Examination Volume XXIV • Poisonous Herbs • Flea Hugh" says: "Fleas Hugh, the next product of this sutra ... Southern Yunnan soil medicine cloud, taste, sex bitter and cold, into the foot too yin, cure damp heat, miasma, malaria, diarrhea, and Materia Medica, and Materia Medica. Dianduo miasma, when it is used to use medicine also. "By the way, in the middle and late Qing Dynasty, Yunnan "native doctors" have become more familiar with the character of Chonglou and can be used to treat damp and hot malaria, indicating that Chonglou has become a "habitual" medicine in Yunnan.
Modern science has promoted the in-depth research and development of heavy buildings. The development of modern science and technology has created conditions for people to deeply understand the heavy building. On the basis of people's recognition that Chonglou has the effects of anti-ulceration, detoxification, swelling and pain relief, the Yunnan Provincial Institute of Materia Medica, after in-depth research, shows that Chonglou is widely used in the treatment of various hemorrhages, pain, lung diseases, lymph node ulcers, female chlamydia infection, acute tonsillitis, hemorrhoid carbuncle, bruises and other fields after in-depth research. In particular, it has obvious efficacy in the treatment of mumps, breast lobular hyperplasia and other diseases. "With the help of modern science and technology, the functions of the heavy building in the treatment of gynecological breast joints and lung diseases recorded in ancient medical books such as "Yunnan Materia Medica" have been continuously excavated and carried forward. At the same time, due to the widespread use of heavy buildings, the economic value of heavy buildings has attracted attention, and the cultivation of heavy buildings has also attracted attention. In recent years, as one of the important ways of poverty alleviation and development, heavy building planting has been promoted in many poverty-stricken mountainous areas in Yunnan.
Names and realities that require special attention. The understanding of drugs is often a millimeter and a thousand miles away. According to research, there are more than 20 varieties of heavy buildings. Academician Zhou Jun pointed out in 2008 in the "Preface to the Materia Medica of Southern Yunnan": "The scientific name of the Paris polyphylla var.yunnanensis should be changed." The first volume of the original compilation of the Southern Yunnan Materia Medica, the scientific name of the building was set as Paris polyphylla Sm. var. Yunnanensis(Fr.) H.-M.。 After a special study of the Zhonglou in the Yunnan Materia Medica Supplement to the Yunnan Materia Medica, it is clearly stated: "The Zhonglou contained in the Ming Dynasty Southern Yunnan Materia Medica is Paris polyphylla smith var.yunnanensis (Franch.) Hara. The flea Xiu contained in the Shennong Materia Medica is the plant source of this species and the plant Ofa chestnut leaf and branch flower Of different varieties of the same genus, Paris polyphylla smith var.chinensis (Franch.), both of which are the plant sources of the previous edition of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China. This understanding is of great practical significance for us to accurately research and develop heavy buildings and guide the planting of heavy buildings, and to promote the transformation of "cloud medicine town" to "cloud medicine strong town".
(Author Affilications:Kunming Municipal CPPCC)
Responsible editor Geng Jia Guo Xiaosheng