In early February 1931, Chiang Kai-shek sent He Yingqin, minister of military affairs, to Jiangxi to act as commander-in-chief and reorganize the Nanchang camp. On April 1, 1931, the enemy took Ningdu in Jiangxi as the main target and launched a full-line attack. The enemy has learned the lesson of the failure of the first "encirclement and suppression" and "long-term drive and direct advance, division of attacks and combined attacks", and has changed to the operational principle of "fighting steadily and steadily, taking every step as a battalion, and tightening the encirclement." In order to prevent the enemy from advancing deeper, the enemy was broken by the Red Army, and the troops were required to march 5, 10 or 20 miles a day, and to conduct reconnaissance in advance the day before the brigade marched. Everywhere we went, we built strong fortifications. In mid-April, Mao Zedong and Zhu De led the leading organs of the Red Army from Huangpi to Qingtang, southwest of Ningdu. In Qingtang, an enlarged meeting of the Central Bureau of the Soviet Union was held to discuss the strategic principle of the second anti-"encirclement and suppression" campaign. At the meeting, the deputies dispatched by Wang Ming, who had just arrived, held that due to the huge disparity in strength between the enemy and ourselves, the Red Army could not break through the "encirclement and suppression" and proposed that the strategy of "dividing the troops and retreating from the enemy" should be adopted. At the meeting, Mao Zedong gave a detailed account of the Experience of the Red Army's first victory against "encirclement and suppression," comprehensively analyzed the situation between the enemy and us, and held that the Red Army could break the second "encirclement and suppression" with a small victory over more. He also proposed the operational policy of "concentrating forces, fighting the weak enemy first, and annihilating the enemy in each of the movements." At that time, although the deputies of Wang Ming's line stubbornly insisted on their own opinions, in the end, the correct opinions represented by Mao Zedong prevailed. On 19 April, Mao Zedong and Zhu De issued the "Order on the Concentration of Pre-War Troops" at the General Headquarters of the Red Army in Qingtang, stressing "determination to first eliminate Wang Jinyu's enemy army with extremely rapid action, turn to the rear of the enemy's encirclement line to fight the enemy army, and eliminate the enemy army in each case."
The enemy's Fifth Route Army, commanded by Wang Jinyu, began to attack in three ways on April 1, left, center, and right, and the other unit consolidated the rear and maintained communications. On 7 April, the Gongbing Clan division on the right and the Crown Ying Brigade invaded Tomita and Gupiwei. These miscellaneous troops, fearing to follow in Zhang Huizhen's footsteps, began to overhaul the fortifications when they arrived in Futian and Gupiwei, so as not to be eaten by the Red Army. On April 23, the main force of the Red Army arrived at the concentration site one after another, and in order to capture the fighters in time, the Red Army boldly took the enemy, moved another 40 miles to the west, and assembled at Donggu. Donggu is located in the front of the Central Revolutionary Base Area, at the junction of Ji'an, Jishui, Xingguo, Taihe, and Yongfeng counties, surrounded by mountains on all sides, with dangerous terrain, and here is a famous old base area, and the mass base is very good. Donggu and Futian are 40 miles apart, and there is a big mountain in the middle, called Baiyun Mountain, which is steep, of which Jiuzhiling and Guanyin Cliff are the two dangerous mountain passes that Tomita must pass through to Donggu. More than 30,000 Red Army troops lurked on Donggu Mountain, waiting and waiting, but Wang Jinyu and Gongbing Fan refused to come out. Commander-in-Chief He Yingqin repeatedly urged and persecuted, but the timid and cunning Wang Jinyu and Gong Bingfan used various excuses such as the so-called heavy rain to wash down roads and bridges, and squatted dead in the fortified positions of Futian and Gupiwei. Some in the Red Army became impatient and demanded a quick strike. However, Mao Zedong demanded that the Red Army continue to lurk and wait for the enemy to leave the position and annihilate it in the movement. The Red Army forced the enemy to live, and after waiting for 25 days in the Donggu Mountains, the enemy finally broke away from his post and crawled out of the hole like a snake! Although Wang Jinyu and Gong Bingfan lingered in Futian and Gupiwei, He Yingqin, commander-in-chief of the Nanchang Governor-general, sent one "gold medal after another," strictly ordering them to "attack Donggu as scheduled and make a pioneering sound on all roads" before the National Assembly was convened in Nanjing. On May 15, the first radio station of the Red Army received a copy of the radio station of the Gongbing Domain Division and the radio station of the division's remaining office in Ji'an.
Telegrams from the enemy station, and reports from Red Army scouts and local masses to the Headquarters of the Red Army, all confirmed the dynamics of the enemy army, and the next day Wang Jinyu's Forty-seventh Division, the Crown Ying Brigade, and the Twenty-eighth Division of Gongbing Domain, would march from Tomita and Gupiwei to The East, respectively. The enemy is finally out! Facts have proved that the judgment and determination of the Headquarters of the Red Army headed by Mao Zedong and Zhu De were completely correct. Therefore, the headquarters of the Red Army immediately made specific operational arrangements: Send the Red Third Army as the Middle Route Army, advance along the road of Donggutong Zhongdong, set up an ambush, and prepare to surprise the enemy's Gongbing Fan Division; send the Red Fourth Army and the Red Twelfth Army as the Right Route Army, seize the Nine Inch Ridge and Guanyin Cliff, and attack the Wang Guanying Brigade of the Enemy's Forty-seventh Division; and send the Third Army as the Left Route Army, detour and encircle, directly attack the enemy's rear positions of Futian and Gupiwei, end his old nest, and cut off his way back. In the evening, Huang Gongluo was in the command post of the Red Army, studying the route of the march on the military map by the glimmer of Song Ming, and he was thinking: The enemy will seize the commanding heights before noon tomorrow - the general's hat, and how can our army find a shortcut, shorten the marching time, and reach the general's hat before the enemy? At this critical moment, Mao Zedong personally came to the command post of the Red Third Army, and together with Huang Gongluo, he led the guards to investigate the marching route overnight. After the guidance of a 70-year-old farmer, they finally found a trail that could shorten the half-day trip. After the Departure of the Red Army, they followed the mountain trail trails around loess pass and Jigong Pass, and went straight to Qiaotougang, Bozuo, and Zhongdong. At the speed of a rapid march, they climbed through the canyon and climbed the cliffs, and finally preemptively occupied the general's hat and several commanding heights near the direction of the middle hole.
With the help of the local independent regiment and Red Guards soldiers, they rushed to build fortifications and waited in strict formation. In the early morning of May 16, Mao Zedong, dressed in an old gray cloth military uniform and carrying a satchel and an oil-paper umbrella on his shoulders; Zhu De, carrying a bamboo leaf bucket and a telescope in his hand, the two of them strode up to the command post of Baiyun Mountain. These two revolutionary comrades-in-arms, who were born into death and shared the same fate, always personally commanded the battle not far from the line of fire whenever there was a major battle. On Baiyun Mountain, white clouds are swirling, and a battle to close the door and fight dogs is like an arrow on the string, and it is about to start. Na Gong Bing Fan ate breakfast from Gupi Wei and led the direct subordinate team of the division to set out. Because of the narrow mountain road, they had to form a long snake array, a team of more than 1,000 people, and they pulled five or six miles long. The enemy was crawling hard in the mountains, and the Red Third Army, hidden on baiyun mountain, was waiting for the opportunity to break the enemy. Suddenly, the signal gun of the attack sounded, and the Red Army rushed down from the mountain in a battle formation, and the mountain rolled stones, unstoppable. The enemy troops who were marching in the mountains encountered such a fierce flanking attack of the Red Army, the troops could not be deployed, the machine guns and heavy artillery could not function, some were killed, some were wounded, and they lay down on both sides of the mountain road. Those officers and men who had not yet been killed or wounded were also dizzy by this sudden blow, and exclaimed one after another: "The Red Army has flown down from the sky!" At this time, the Red Army was in the front, the Independent Regiment and the Red Guards were in the rear, constantly charging at the enemy. On the verge of death, the enemy Gong Bingfan still tried in vain to resist.
While ordering the special service battalion to organize resistance, he ordered the radio to send an emergency call for help. GongBingfan instructed the two brigades in front of and behind him to "lead their troops to run lightly to support the pit" and to send a 100,000-urgent telegram to the forty-seventh division of the neighboring enemy King Jinyu. However, the Gongbing Domain was in vain, and the forts of Tomita and Gupiwei, which the enemy had painstakingly managed, had all been captured by the Third Army; the large quantities of grain, ammunition, and other materials that the enemy had hoarded in the area had all been captured by the Red Army, and the enemy's rear road had been completely cut off. The two brigades located in front of and behind the direct subordinate units of the Gongbing Domain Division also ended up with the same sad fate as the Gongbing Domain. At Nine Inch Ridge and Guanyin Cliff, the Red Fourth Army and the Red Twelfth Army also launched a fierce attack on the Wang Guanying Brigade of the enemy Forty-seventh Division. Although, the enemy crownEdIn Brigade arrived there earlier than the Red Army, seized two hills, and stubbornly resisted with danger. However, the Red Fourth Army immediately launched a strong attack, and the mortars concentrated on firing at the enemy at the top of the mountain, and in order to regain these two commanding heights, the Red Army division commander Zeng Shi'e and the political commissar Luo Ruiqing stood in the front line of fire and commanded the battle. Guo Ruiqing's cheeks were unfortunately pierced by enemy bullets and he was seriously injured, but he stood tenaciously and continued to command the troops.
Under the heroic and courageous command and encouragement of the commanders of the Red Army, the soldiers rushed to the top of the hill with swords and guns in their hands, engaged in a white-knife battle with the enemy, and finally suppressed the enemy and crushed the enemy. From Baiyun Mountain to Futian, all the units of the Red Army launched a great contest to annihilate the enemy on a front of tens of miles. In this battle, more than 5,000 guns, more than 30 machine guns, and more than 30 mortars were surrendered. At the same time, a large 100-watt radio station owned by the Gongbing Domain was also captured. Henceforth, the Red Army could not only communicate internally with radio, but also communicate directly with the Party Central Committee in Shanghai, as well as with revolutionary base areas such as Eyuwan and Xiang'exi. After winning the first battle, the Red Army won the victory in Tomita. Wang Jinyu's subordinate Hao Mengling was afraid of being killed, and fled from Fujita to Yongfeng County overnight. In order to pursue another division of Wang Jinyu's Fifth Route Army, Guo Huazong's Forty-third Division, the Red Army General Headquarters led a large group of men and horses, braving heavy rain, to cross the zhentou from Tomita and point directly to shuinan.
The enemy Guo Huazong led his troops from Pixia Canghuang to Shuinan, and when he saw that the pontoon bridge could not cross the river, he fled from Shuinan to Baisha, preparing to continue to escape after dawn. But he never expected that after the Red Army had defeated a regiment of Guo Huazong's garrison in Shuinan, it would pursue Baisha before dawn on May 19. The soldiers split into three ways and immediately launched an attack. Guo Huazong was facing the Great River in front of him, and there were pursuing troops in the rear, and the Red Army was beaten to a terrible end, and the Red Army successfully annihilated a part of Guo Huazong's unit, along with the remnants of a brigade of the enemy's Forty-seventh Division that had escaped here, and surrendered more than 4,000 guns and a large amount of supplies. At the same time, two 75 mountain guns and more than 160 shells were captured, creating the first artillery regiment of the Red Army. Located on the east side of Baisha was the Twenty-seventh Division of Gao Shuxun of the Enemy Sun Lianzhong's Twenty-sixth Route Army. On May 20, Gao Shuxun's 27th Division, at the Southern Regiment in Ningdu County, received a call from He Yingqin, a battalion in Nanchang, and was ordered to rush to Shaxi to reinforce Wang Jinyu's Fifth Route Army. On May 22, Takashu-hoon's division was tightly surrounded by the Red Army in Nakamura. The battle lasted for two days and one night, and on the morning of the 23rd, the Red Army launched a general attack, and Gao Shuxun, fearing that he was annihilated, hurriedly led the remnants to flee east. The Red Army defeated Takashu Xun's division in Nakamura, and the force was like a bamboo, and it rushed eastward day and night. After Wang Jinyu's Fifth Route Army and Sun Lianzhong's Twenty-sixth Route Army were crushed by the Red Army, Zhu Shaoliang's Sixth Route Army on the Eastern Front felt even more precarious.
In order to preserve his strength, Zhu Shaoliang, in addition to leaving Hu Zuyu's Fifth Division to guard Guangchang, hurriedly led his troops to retreat to Nanfeng. Hu Zuyu desperately strengthened the fortifications in Guangchang City, built an earthen wall more than 5 miles long, dug trenches outside the wall, and built many pillboxes in a vain attempt to hold on to Guangchang. On May 26, the Red Army pursued Guangchang and surrounded the city. Hu Zuyu led 14 regiments of troops to resist stubbornly and fight against the trapped beasts. The next day, the Red Army launched a siege battle, and under the fierce artillery bombardment and courageous charge of the Red Army, the enemy army had to abandon the fortifications and retreat into the city. At this time, Mao Zedong and Zhu De went to the forward position and personally commanded the battle. Together with cadres at and above the military level, they carefully studied and deployed the siege plan. Considering that the enemy army had concentrated 14 regiments of defensive forces and had strong fortifications, and the strength of the Red Army was not enough to achieve an absolute superiority of two or three times that of the enemy, and could not eat so many enemies in one bite, Mao Zedong decided, on the one hand, to concentrate his forces and use a huge general offensive to force the enemy back; on the other hand, to open a net and let some of the enemy troops flee, in order to quickly seize Guangchang City and open the way for the Red Army's next move. On the evening of the 27th, the Red Army began a general offensive. On the battlefield, nearly 200 heavy machine guns and dozens of mortars fired in a salvo, local armed people lit firecrackers in kerosene barrels and crackled, and the killing of peasants on the outskirts of the city who came to help in the battle was tremendous.
The enemy troops defending the city did not know how many Red Army troops had attacked the city, and one by one they were frightened and frightened, and the division headquarters hurriedly sent an urgent telegram to Zhu Shaoliang calling for help. After the general offensive was launched, the Red Army quietly opened the bridge northeast of Guangchang, giving the enemy a way to escape. Before long, the enemy rushed toward the bridge like a tide, and the bridge was narrow and crowded, and many people were squeezed down the river. Later, the Red Army launched a political offensive against the remnants of the enemy, and at 9 p.m., the Red Army finally successfully entered Guangchang City. After winning the Battle of Guangchang, some of our Red Army troops went north to pursue and annihilate the fleeing enemy, while Mao Zedong and others led the main force of more than 10,000 people to the east into Fujian and attacked Jianning. Jianning is an important town on the border of Fujian and Gansu, with longitudinal mountains, dangerous terrain, no large rivers and rivers, and relatively convenient movements, and this is the "hometown of fish and rice" in northwest Fujian, and our party has a good mass foundation. The Red Army established base areas here and collected funds and resources to facilitate the handling of the enemy's new "encirclement and suppression." Therefore, Mao Zedong planned the last battle of the second anti-"encirclement and suppression" campaign, that is, to fight Jianning. The 56th Division of Liu Heding, stationed in Jianning, consisted of 4 regiments, about 7,000 or 8,000 men, and was well-equipped, and was known as the "First Division of Fujian." When Liu Heding learned that Guangchang City was broken and that the Red Army was marching toward Jianning, he destroyed the wooden bridge leading to Shicheng and Ninghua, burned the boats and bamboo rafts in the river, and closed the city for strict defense. However, the Red Army, with lightning speed and unable to cover its ears, went straight to Jianning.
On May 30, Peng Dehuai commanded the Red Third Army to attack the county seat. In the fog, the Red Third Army quickly divided and surrounded the defenders on various hills, seized the outer positions, and fought all the way down to the city. At this time, the Red Twelfth Army also quickly cut off the enemy's road to Ninghua from the right flank and occupied the hills east of Shuinan. After half a day of fighting, the Red Third Army broke through the gap from the west gate and the north gate, and the Red Twelfth Army also broke through the gap from the south gate. The enemy army was forced to rush to the Dongmen City Tower and the Bridge, and liu heding fled from Jianning to Jiangle, and his seven or eight thousand men and horses, together with those who were captured and released by the Red Army, were left with a total of only five or six hundred remnants of the defeated generals. From May 16 to May 30, in 15 days, the Red Army swept from west to east, walked 700 miles, fought five battles and five victories, annihilated more than 30,000 enemy troops, and surrendered more than 20,000 guns. It completely smashed the enemy's second major "encirclement and suppression" of the central revolutionary base areas. Afterwards, Mao Zedong gave a poem to remember his events, namely "Fisherman's Pride · Anti-Second Great "Encirclement and Suppression": Baiyun Mountain wants to stand on the clouds, Baiyun Mountain is in a hurry, and dead wood and decay are working hard. Gunfired, the flying general threw himself into the air. On the fifteenth day of the seven-hundred-mile drive, the Ganshui River was vast and the Mountains were blue, sweeping through a thousand armies like a sweep. Some people cry, for the camp step by step! Sweeping through the enemy army in seven hundred miles vividly reflected the distinctive characteristics of the Red Army in fighting a mobile war. Mao Zedong summed up this kind of movement warfare of advancing in great strides and retreating in great strides, which Mao Zedong summed up in very simple terms: You fight yours, and I fight mine." If you can win, you will fight, and if you can't win, you will leave. It is absolutely necessary to fight a mobile war without taking up positions, which is completely necessary under the condition that the Red Army has not expanded its strength, has no ammunition replenishment, and has only one Red Army in every base area. Of course, everything is "going" and it is all for the purpose of "fighting". If you go, you will not be able to hit me, and if you fight, I will see the fight accurately, concentrate the superior forces and strike hard, resolutely, thoroughly, cleanly, and completely destroy you.