Reading Chuang / Shenzhen Business Daily reporter Xia Heshun / Wen Yan Bingke / Photography
△ Liu Qiang, a famous teacher of the Hundred Pulpits, was warmly welcomed at Shekou School
If virtue has neighbors, it will not be lonely. On the afternoon of October 29th, the fifth lecture of the Chinese Excellent Traditional Culture Public Welfare Lecture Hall co-sponsored by the Shenzhen Association for the Promotion of Culture and Healthy Development and the Shenzhen Caring Action Charity Foundation came to Shekou School, and Liu Qiang, professor of the School of Humanities of Tongji University and a famous teacher of CCTV Hundred Forums, visited Shekou School and shared "The Story of Confucius" with the students. The traditional culture public welfare lecture hall aims to carry forward the spirit of the Chinese nation and spread excellent traditional virtues. As a practitioner and disseminator of traditional Chinese culture, Liu Qiang frankly said that lecturing to primary school students was a challenge he encountered. Fortunately, he talked about the people and topics that his classmates were interested in, and he felt that he had gained a lot through the interaction with his classmates in class.
△ Liu Qiang in a speech
Heaven does not give birth to Jonny, and eternity is like a long night
Through his investigation, Liu Qiang found that the students already knew something about Confucius: writers, thinkers, educators, politicians, and representatives of the Confucian school. He went on to say that Confucius was first and foremost a sage of the Chinese nation, a most holy teacher, and a master of all ages.
In ancient times, Yao, Shun, Yu, Tang, Wen, Wu, and Zhou Gong were all saints. Confucius was a saint with great wisdom, great enlightenment, great virtue, and great ability, and his great contribution to Chinese culture was to sort out the Six Classics, which have been passed down to this day and are the benefactors of all Chinese.
As the Most Holy Teacher, Confucius has a teacher-student relationship with every teacher who spans time and space, and also has a relationship with every student who crosses time and space, which is his relationship with us, so he is the relative of all Chinese. As long as they can read and hyphenate, Chinese in ancient times must read the Analects, and today I am also promoting children throughout the country to read the Analects.
Zhu Xi once said: Heaven does not give birth to Zhongni, and eternity is like a long night. This means that if The Heavens had not given birth to a saint like Confucius, our culture would have been as if there were no sun or moon, but darkness. Confucius brought the light of intelligent civilization. The ancients read Confucius's books, classic ideas and aphorisms, and they had a special admiration for Confucius, and we must study them well today.
△ "Rediscovering Confucius"
Aspire to learn, stand, and not confused
In the analects of the analects, Confucius reported to his family and summed up his life in one sentence: "I have five out of ten and am determined to learn, thirty and standing, forty and not confused, fifty and know the destiny of heaven, sixty and obedient, seventy and do what the heart desires, do not hesitate." ”
Confucius was a native of the Lu state in the late Spring and Autumn Period, in today's Shandong, and his hometown is in Qufu. Confucius was a descendant of the Yin people, and today Anyang, Henan, is the seat of the Yin Shang Dynasty. The Zhou Dynasty overthrew the Shang Dynasty, because the King of Shang was particularly cruel, causing public indignation, and King Wu of Zhou took the place of Tianxingdao. Confucius's ancestors can be traced back to the Song dynasty monarch Weizi, whose sixth ancestor, Kong Jia, was implicated in a court dispute and fled from the Song state to the state of Lu.
Confucius's father, Liang Qi, was highly skilled in martial arts and infinitely powerful, and was said to be nearly a foot tall. Shu Liang's first wife gave birth to 9 children, all girls, and the second wife gave birth to a boy with a congenital disability. When he was in his sixties, he married another wife named Yan Zhengzai, who was only sixteen or seventeen years old. Yan Zheng gave birth to Confucius after marrying his uncle Liang Qi. Confucius's name is Kong Qiu, the word Zhongni, Zhong is the second oldest in the ranks.
Confucius's father died when he was 3 years old, and his mother left him when he was 17 years old. When Confucius was 15 years old, his mother was still alive, and he reached a realm of five out of ten and determined to learn, determined to pursue learning and contribute to culture.
Confucius gave birth to a son when he was 20 years old, and Lu Zhaogong sent two carps to congratulate him. So Confucius's son was called Kong Carp, the word Boyu. Kong Li did not make much achievement in learning and died young, but his son Kong Ling, Zi Si, is said to be the author of "Zhongyong". Kong Ling was a student of Confucius's proud protégé Zengzi, who inherited his grandfather's legacy, set up private schools, recruited disciples, and trained many students, including a great saint, that is, Mencius.
Liu Qiang believes that Confucius said that standing in thirty is not the meaning of our family today, it may be the establishment of a school, a ceremony or a person. The Analects say: There is no way to stand without learning etiquette, and to stand on etiquette means to be proficient in the civilization of ritual music.
Forty and not confused, Confucius by the age of 40 is already a wise man, there is no confusion, confusion, doubt, but also can withstand temptation, so it is called not confused.
△ Shekou School speech scene
After knowing the Destiny
Confucius worked as a warehouse keeper and livestock station manager, and when he was 51 years old, he embarked on a career path and became a small magistrate of luguo, Zhongdu Zai, and managed the place very well. At the age of 55, he was promoted to Sikou, equivalent to the minister of justice, and acting prime minister. The state of Lu has a taste of the rise of a small country, which has caused dissatisfaction in the neighboring state of Qi. The King of Qi then made a beauty plan and sent 80 female musicians to the country of Lu. These female musicians set up a stage on the outskirts of the capital, playing and singing every day, singing and dancing. Lu Guo's grand master Ji Sunshi went to see it and was fascinated, Lu Dinggong also went to see it, and both junchen were fascinated, and they did not go to the court for three days.
Confucius was very angry when he found out, believing that there was no way for the monarch and no hope for the country. So at the age of 55, he ran away in a negative mood and took his birthcrew around the world. In the process of falling from the peak of life to the trough and the upheaval and displacement, Confucius reached the realm of knowing the destiny of heaven.
Liu Qiang believes that knowing that the Mandate of Heaven is in me is a great cultural self-confidence, and the Tao passed down from Yao Shun Yu Tang and Wen Wu Zhou Gong must be passed down by Kong Qiu.
Confucius left the country of Lu at the age of 55 and returned to the country of Lu at the age of 68, and for 14 years he was displaced, enabling him to reach the high state of life - ear shun. Ear shun refers first of all to wisdom, and secondly to the realm of great benevolence, even if others slander him behind his back, he hears about it, and his left ear goes in and out of his right ear. There is a saying in the Analects: "Man is not ashamed if he does not know, and he is not a gentleman."
At the age of 70, Confucius reached the realm of a saint, that is, he did not hesitate to do whatever he wanted, he did whatever he wanted, but he did not exceed the rules and laws.
This passage in the Analects is an oral autobiography of Confucius, also a self-chronicle, and was also called the key to sanctification throughout the ages by the ancients. Liu Qiang said that when we tell the story of Confucius today, we must sum up a few words: Confucius aspired at the age of 15, established school at the age of 30, Lizhi at the age of 40, Established Life at the age of 50, Liren at the age of 60, and Became a Saint at the age of 70. This is the characteristic of Chinese culture, in Chinese culture, the highest realm of personality is the realm of saints, Confucius reached.
Liu Qiang believes that today's Chinese readers should bear two major responsibilities: one is to read the Analects themselves, and the other is to persuade people to read the Analects. Finally, he recommended two of his own books: The New Knowledge of the Analects and the Four Books of General Lectures.
<b>Review: Tan Lugang</b>