Public Network Poster News Reporter Suo Nailing Dongying reports
On July 26, a press conference on the prevention and control of forest pests in Lijin County was held to introduce the overall situation of the prevention and control of forest pests in the county in 2020 and the prevention and control of forest pests in 2021 to the media and society, and answer questions from reporters.
In 2020, under the correct leadership of the county party committee and the county government, the whole county made concerted efforts, made careful arrangements, and adopted a series of prevention and control measures, effectively controlled the occurrence and spread of forestry pests, achieved the goal and task of "insects are not a disaster", and achieved good results in the prevention and control of forestry pests.
The high incidence of forest pests such as the American white moth has been effectively curbed. In 2020, the cumulative occurrence area of forestry pests in the county is 14,000 mu, the average rate of insect plants is controlled below 5%, and the leaf preservation rate is more than 85%, the monitoring coverage rate of forestry harmful organisms and the pollution-free prevention and control rate are more than 90%, the disaster rate is controlled within 2 ‰, and the requirements of various prevention and control goals are successfully achieved.
Key prevention and control work has been steadily advanced. The aircraft prevention and control work has been promoted in a large area, with a total flight prevention area of about 120,000 mu throughout the year, which has greatly saved the cost of prevention and control and improved the prevention and control effect; the digital monitoring station has been operating normally, the epidemic monitoring and early warning function has been played normally, and the prevention and control of moth dried pests is about 11,000 mu, and good control results have been achieved.
Prevention and control mechanisms have been continuously improved. All relevant departments at all levels have set up leading institutions for prevention and control work, implemented the responsibility for prevention and control, formed a professional team for prevention and control, further improved the working mechanisms such as territorial management and joint prevention and control, and cooperated closely between townships and towns (streets), transportation, highways, river affairs, industry and informatization, comprehensive administrative law enforcement, housing construction, and other units, which has effectively promoted the smooth development of various prevention and control work.
In terms of the general idea of prevention and control work, Lijin County conscientiously implements the decision-making and deployment of the State Council, the provincial government and the municipal government on further strengthening the prevention and control of forestry harmful organisms, adheres to the working principle of "prevention first, scientific governance, supervision according to law, and strengthening responsibility", vigorously builds a government-led, departmental coordination, and social participation prevention and control pattern, innovates mechanisms, continues to promote pollution-free sustainable prevention and control, further reduces the area of harmful organisms, reduces the number of insect populations and the degree of harm, and effectively protects afforestation and greening results.
On May 8, 2021, the Municipal Bureau of Natural Resources and Planning forwarded the "Shandong Province 2021 Major Forestry Leaf-Eating Pest Prevention and Control Plan for the American White Moth", and on May 13, the Municipal Bureau of Natural Resources and Planning forwarded the "Emergency Notice of the Provincial Department of Natural Resources on Doing a Good Job in the Prevention and Control of the American White Moth", and further clarified the task objectives and formulated a practical prevention and control plan according to the requirements of the provincial plan and the task indicators issued. In 2021, the forest pest control work in Lijin County will be carried out around the following six aspects.
Do a good job of surveying the overwintering base of forestry pests. In March, the technical staff of the forest protection station carried out the investigation of the overwintering base of forest tree pests, and through the sampling survey of trees in the sites where forest diseases and insect pests occurred last year, the situation of hazards this year was forecasted and analyzed, and an annual prevention and control work plan was formulated. According to the needs of the work, the "Lijin County 2021 Forest pest prevention and control implementation plan" was formulated, the "Forest pest prevention and control leading group" was adjusted, and on May 15, the county's forest pest prevention and control work conference was organized, at which the first generation of American white moth prevention and control work was arranged and deployed. The prevention and control of forest pests will be carried out in layers of compaction tasks.
Continue to promote aircraft spraying prevention. This year, it is planned to implement flight defense in early June and early September, with a total area of about 120,000 mu in the two flight defenses. On April 8, Lijin County completed the flight defense bidding work, and from June 2 to 5, lasting 4 days, the county completed the spray control of the first generation of American white moth and other leaf-eating pest aircraft, using a total of 62 sorties, and the flight control area was 62,000 mu.
Supervise all townships (streets) and relevant responsible units to carry out ground prevention and control by means of insecticidal lamp booby traps, manual cutting of net curtains, and ground spraying.
Strengthen monitoring and forecasting. Timely monitor the occurrence of forestry pests through inspection, and do a good job in forecasting and forecasting.
Great importance is attached to the control of dried moth pests. In order to do a good job in the prevention and control of dried borer pests, the Lijin County Forestry Development Service Center signed a commission contract with the professional control company to control the areas where the occurrence of dried moth pests is more serious during the best period of prevention and control, and the first round of prevention and control has been completed, and the prevention and control areas are mainly key areas such as trunk roads.
In order to solve some of the financial difficulties of the units responsible for prevention and control, on May 26 and July 20, a total of 9 tons of 4.5% high-efficiency cypermethrin was purchased twice, and distributed to the townships (streets) in a timely manner for the ground control of forest pests.
It is reported that Lijin County will continue to do a good job in the prevention and control of forest pests in accordance with the decision-making and deployment of the superior on forest protection and the progress of the county's established work plan. Strengthen monitoring and forecasting, and scientifically guide the prevention and control of forest pests such as the American white moth. Fully mobilize the enthusiasm of the inspection and prevention teams at all levels, give play to the key role of the inspection and prevention work, check the defects and fill in the gaps, and minimize the density of insect populations. Vigorously grasp the human and material input of all responsible units, and improve the monitoring and prevention capabilities of forestry diseases and insect pests. Adhere to the combination of usual supervision and centralized inspection, and maintain the normalization of supervision work.
Subsequently, the Lijin County Forestry Development Service Center introduced the most common forest pests, the American white moth, the reasons for repeated annual control, and other common forest pests.
American white moth is also known as American lamp moth, autumn curtain caterpillar, autumn curtain moth, lepidoptera, lamp moth family, white moth genus insects. The American white moth is a worldwide quarantine pest and has been listed as one of the first invasive alien species in China. In 1979, it was introduced to Dandong, Liaoning, China, and in 1981, it was introduced from Liaoning to Rongcheng County, Shandong, and spread successively in Shandong. Over the years, there have been occurrences in various townships and streets in Lijin County.
American white moth larvae have the habit of clustering and social hazards, up to hundreds of thousands of per tree, larvae in the net to feed on leaves, eating habits are very mixed, can endanger more than 200 kinds of forest trees, fruit trees, crops and wild plants, the victims of plants are mainly white wax, ailanthus trees, tung trees, mulberry trees, apples, begonias, purple leaf plums, peach trees, elms, willows, poplars and so on. After the leaves in the mesh screen have been eaten, the larvae will move to another part to weave a new net. Finally, the leaves of trees are often eaten away, which seriously affects tree growth. And the white moth has strong reproductive ability and rapid spread, and can spread outward for 35-50 kilometers per year. American white moths occur in our county for three generations a year to pupate overwinter. From late April to late May each year, the overwintering adults feather and lay their eggs. The larvae begin to harm in early May and continue into late June. July to mid-August is the second generation of occurrence, and now it is the peak of the second generation of larval harm. The third and even fourth generations occur from late August and early September to late October, and pupate is completed in early November, wintering in masonry rubble, dead branches and leaves, eaves, window sills, wall (brick) cracks, soil cracks, firewood piles, tree holes, etc. 20%-30% of overwintering pupae are feathered again in April of the following year to lay eggs.
The entry of the American white moth into China is a biological invasion. "Biological invasion" refers to the phenomenon that a certain organism has been naturally introduced from other places or artificially introduced into the wild and has caused certain harm to the local ecosystem. The American white moth has many limiting factors in its native area that prevent the malignant expansion of its population, in which predatory and parasitic predators can control its population density below a certain number. After they invaded China, they lost the control of their original natural enemies, and their population density increased rapidly and spread into disaster. In order to control the harm of the American white moth, every year Lijin County will adopt a number of green ecological methods such as aircraft spray control, ground spray control, biological control, and artificial cutting of the net screen to carry out prevention and control work.
In recent years, in addition to the American white moth, lijin county has a relatively serious forest pests mainly include light-shouldered star tianniu, wood beetle moth and other dried borer pests, spring inchworm, Yang Fanzhou moth and other leaf-eating pests, since last July, it was found that the occurrence of square-winged net bugs on the tung is also more serious.
The bare-shouldered star Tianniu occurred in a generation of 1-2 years. Overwinter with larvae or eggs. When temperatures rise above 10°C in April of the following year, the overwintering larvae begin to become active. Early May to late June is the pupal pupal period for larvae. It takes about 41 days from pupae to feathering into adults. Adults begin to appear in early June, peaking in late June to late July, and adult activity is available until October, until November when temperatures drop below 6°C and begin to overwinter. The bare-shouldered celestial bull is mainly harmful to poplar trees, willow trees, ash, apples, almond trees and other tree species. The larvae eat the trunk, reduce the quality of the wood for the light, and can cause the tree to dry up and break in the wind; the adult insect bites the leaves or small branches and xylem. The most effective method of control of the bare-shouldered star tianniu is to inject drugs into the borer hole to kill the larvae; the other is to manually culling adult insects.
Wood beetle moths occur in a generation of 2 years. The larvae prefer to inhabit the pest, and invade the trunk wound as a pest, and then enter the trunk, and complete the larval development stage in it, the trunk is mothed into countless interconnected pores, and the larvae are infested from March to November every year, and the larvae overwinter in the moth in the tree. The older larvae pupate in late May at the beginning of the third year. Late May to early August is the pupal stage, June to August is the adult occurrence period, adult insects have phototropism, day and night out. The most effective methods for the control of wood beetle moths are: one is to inject drugs into the moth hole to kill larvae; the other is to use environmental protection agriculture and forestry insecticidal lamps or black light lamps to trap adult insects; the third is to use parasitic flies, woodpeckers, lizards, swallows and other natural enemies for biological control.
For leaf-eating pests with serious harm such as spring inchworm and Yang Fanzhou moth, according to the occurrence of insect conditions, every year Lijin County will adopt a number of green ecological methods such as aircraft spray control, ground spray control, biological control and so on to carry out prevention and control work, and truly achieve the prevention and control purpose of "insects are not a disaster".