Historians said that "Yan Zhao is a generous and tragic man," Zhao Kuangyin, the founding emperor of the Song Dynasty from Zhuo County, Jizhou, who died in the winter, let the culturally prosperous Song Dynasty literati do enough articles, all kinds of miscellaneous sayings, wild talk splashed ink on the pen, and the colloquial interpretation was vivid, even as far as the eyes could see, so that the singing and drama of the pear garden in later generations made people gradually forget the correct history, and under the singing of the lyrics, people seemed to only know that there was summer and no matter autumn or winter.
Song Taizu
Although the recently broadcast series "Great Song Palace Words" directly crossed the Taizu part, from the beginning of Taizong, it was even more joked about the Great Song, seven pieces of hard work, it is rumored that the First Day of Douban score plummeted, it seems that people still know quite a lot about Song history, "Chinese culture, made up of the Song generation" respect historical facts, restore history, and image history is valuable.
Screenshots of the network
？
In the ninth year of Song Kaibao (976 AD), Zhao Kuangyin, the founding emperor of the Great Song Dynasty, who reigned for sixteen years, died suddenly on the evening of October 20, at the age of fifty, for the death of the emperor, flipped through the "Long Compilation", "Xiangshan Wild Record", "Records of Shuishui" and "History of Song" and other books, all of which have records in this regard, including many of the authors' comments, "Axe Candle Shadow" has become a heavy fog that shrouds the splendid literary history of the two Song Dynasties, lingering.
One: Axe sound candle shadow will be said
Chase after the end, carefully investigate the source. In the Song Shi Taizu Benji: "The emperor collapsed in the Hall of Ten Thousand Years, at the age of fifty, was appointed Empress Dowager Du and passed the throne to Emperor Taizong." The official record is very simple, with the numbers and a stroke. Therefore, doubts are inevitable. Decades later, folk notebook novels began to talk about the death of Song Taizu.
Song Monk Wenying's book "Xiangshan Wild Record" said: On the night of October 20, the night opened, the stars were brightly listed, and Song Taizu was full of love. Soon the weather suddenly changed, the haze began to rise, and the hail plummeted. Song Taizu ordered people to open the end door and summoned his brother Zhao Guangyi, the King of Jin in Kaifeng Province. After Zhao Guangyi came, Taizu let him into the palace, and the two drank wine, and the eunuchs and attendants all withdrew. Zhao Guangyi, who was only seen in the shadow of the candle, stood up at the table from time to time, as if he was overwhelmed by alcohol. After the two of them had finished drinking, it was already three o'clock in the middle of the night, and the snow in front of the temple had accumulated to several inches. Zhao Kuangyin took an axe to stab the snow, turned back to Zhao Guangyi and said, "Easy to do, easy to do." After that, Taizu took off his clothes and went to sleep, and after a while his sniffles were like thunder. That night, Zhao Guangyi stayed in the palace. Nearly five o'clock, the people around the palace did not hear any sound at all, and Taizu had already died. On that day, Zhao Guangyi took the throne in front of the coffin. At the end of the reading of the will, the close minister looked at the remains of Song Taizu and saw only "jade-colored Wenying, like a tang mu".
Many people think that this information is not out of thin air, although it cannot be said that the words are accurate, but it is also generally credible, so it is customary to call the process of Taizu's death "candle shadow axe sound".
Sima Guang's "Records of Shuishui": When Taizu had just died, Empress Xiaozhang Song asked the internal servants to know that Wang Jilong summoned Taizu's son, King Defang of Qin. Wang Jilong knew that Song Taizu had always had the idea of passing the throne to the King of Jin, so he did not go to Defang's home, but personally came directly to the home of the King of Jin. Just near the Jin King's Mansion, I saw the medical officer Jia Dexuan sitting at the door and asked him why he came, and Dexuan said, "Last night, at two o'clock, someone came to the door to call me, saying that it was the Jin King's summons. When I went to the door, I saw no one. I was afraid that king Jin was sick, so I rushed here. Wang Jilong felt very strange and told him that Taizu was dead. Calling for the door to open, the two of them saw the King of Jin together. Hearing the news of Song Taizu's death, the King of Jin was shocked, hesitated again and again, did not dare to go forward, and said: "Let me discuss it with my family." "I ran into the inner room and didn't come out for a long time. Ji Long urged him: "It has been too long for the throne to be taken away for others." So he walked with the King of Jin in the snow to the palace gate. The three of them came to the bedchamber, and when Empress Song heard that Jilong had returned, she asked if Defang had come, and Wang Jilong replied, "The King of Jin is the king." When the Song Dynasty saw the King of Jin, she was stunned and overwhelmed, and quickly changed her name to "The Official Family" and said: "The lives of our mother and son are all entrusted to the Official Family." ”
Li Tao's "Continuation of Zizhi TongjianChang" is an important work on the history of the Song Dynasty, which synthesizes the above books and records people, so that the mystery of the "candle shadow axe sound" has spread more widely.
Japanese scholar Toshiichi Araki believes that Zhao Kuangyin loves to drink, may have suffered from acute diseases such as hypertension and cerebral hemorrhage, and could not be rescued, so he died.
This view was opposed by some people, believing that Song Taizu really liked to drink, but in fact he said to his close subjects as early as the second year of Jianlong (961): "Shen Is drunk in wine, why should he be a human?" Or because of the banquet to drunkenness, after the stay did not taste without regret also. "He has long been restrained from drinking, so it is impossible to die of excessive drinking."
Two: family genetic disease theory
Another scholar found that there were familial diseases in the Zhao and Song dynasties, mainly violent deaths, early deaths, and mental illness caused by manic depression, which were inherited.
There were five Zhao Kuangyin in the first generation of the Zhao family, and only one person who died well was Taizong, and the rest either died early or died violently.
Among the four sons of the second generation of Taizu, half of them died of sorrow and early death, and only one of the nine sons of Emperor Taizong of Song had to live up to the end of his life. There were a total of twenty-eight people in the first and second generations of the Zhao clan, of which four died, one of whom was unknown, and the average age of the remaining twenty-three was only forty-one years old, much younger than the average sixty-two years of the Upper Class of the Song Dynasty.
In books such as the Xiangshan Yelu, the author does not imply that Taizu's death was unclear, but later generations had doubts about Emperor Taizong's improper accession and harm due to the death of Song Shi and Dezhao. Moreover, at that time, the two brothers' night feast was held in the palace, and Taizu summoned Emperor Taizong into the palace, and Emperor Taizong could not make preparations at all. There was no one left around the banquet room, and taizu did not look different when he fell asleep, and there were waiters to guard it, saying that it was inconceivable that Emperor Taizong had plotted to kill him. Zhao Kuangyin's cause of death was a hereditary family disease, due to the recovery of manic depression, and then suffered from cerebral artery rupture, commonly known as cerebral hemorrhage. Many of the circumstances recorded in the history books before Zhao Kuangyin's death are typical symptoms of cerebral hemorrhage.
Three: heart disease cardiac arrest said
Modern scholars believe that the death of Song Taizu stemmed from the unbalanced diet structure of his clan, which would cause cardiac obesity and cardiac arrest caused by the fat and greasy of Liang Liang.
According to the "Continuation of the Zhizhi Tongjian Long Edition", "The diet is not expensive and different, and the royal kitchen stops using mutton, which is why the ancestral family law is so to the Taiping."
"434,463 catties of mutton, 19 lambs, 4,131 pounds of pork (Shenzong)
During the reign of Emperor Zhenzong of Song, "the imperial cook spent tens of thousands of sheep", and during the reign of Emperor Yingzong, the imperial court bought tens of thousands of Khitan sheep from the Hebei Yuchang. During the reign of Emperor Zhenzong of Song, the imperial cook slaughtered 350 sheep a day, and during the reign of Emperor Renzong, he slaughtered 280 sheep a day, and Emperor Yingzong reduced it to 40 per day.
In the Song Dynasty, there was an institution called the Niuyang Division, whose main function was to raise various livestock for the imperial family for imperial meals, sacrifices, and banquets. In addition to raising cattle and sheep, the cattle and sheep division also raises pigs, and the largest number is sheep.
Li Shizhen said in the "Compendium of Materia Medica": "Mutton can warm up the deficiency, replenish the qi, appetize and fitness, benefit the kidney qi, nourish the courage and eyesight, cure the weakness of labor and cold, five labors and seven injuries."
However, the smell of lamb is heavier, and the digestive burden on the gastrointestinal tract is also heavier, and it is not suitable for people with poor stomach and spleen function. Like pork and beef, excessive consumption of such animal fats can cause stress on the cardiovascular system, so lamb, although delicious, should not be greedy. Patients with hot summer or fever should eat with caution. However, mutton was the main daily ingredient of the Song Emperor, the diet was not expensive and smelly, and the imperial kitchen stopped using mutton" They believed that "ginseng tonic qi, mutton tonic".
Lamb is a hot product, eating more lamb is easy to catch fire, but also cause stomach pain, dry stool, cough, phlegm, irritability, insomnia and other symptoms. And the cholesterol content of sheep is very high, and the taste of food is very heavy.
Therefore, people with fever, toothache, mouth and tongue sores, cough, sputum and other symptoms of fire should not be consumed, or patients with liver disease, hypertension, acute enteritis or other infectious diseases should not eat during fever
Four: Digestive system diseases say
According to the surname Five Virtues Theory, Zhao's fire is deregulated, so there is a red light around the room, and it is said that "red children" are born. In short, the literati have come up with the high realm of the annex, but the image of "Zhao Huode" and "Red Child" is still real.
Regarding the theory of Zhao's fire and virtue, there are many theories of historians, which can be proved from the national name "Song" and will not be repeated.
But to say "red child", this is probably the result of neonatal jaundice. Because of the zhao family's fire virtue, it cannot be said that huang bao'er can only complete the speech with the appearance color of fire "red", and moreover, red is the liquid color of the heart king, and the monarch's heart and body belong to fire to show the correct trace of the monarchy. But it is the problem of neonatal jaundice sitting at the root of the disease. High jaundice can affect the liver and kidney function of infants. When the jaundice index of infants is high, yellowing of the skin and sclera may occur, and may be accompanied by digestive disorders such as bloating, abdominal pain, diarrhea or constipation.