To put it simply, Go is a "enclosure game", the simplest rules, the most complex changes, so how many changes are there in Go?
Although the supercomputer "Deep Blue" defeated the chess world champion Kasparov in 1997, marking the machine's overall surpass of humans in the field of chess, Go has always been considered a difficult topic for artificial intelligence to overcome, and is hailed as the last bastion of human intelligence.
A super chess computer developed by IBM
chess
If you don't feel anything like that, let's look at the following set of data.
How many stars are there in the universe? According to scientists' estimates, it is about two times ten to the power of twenty. How many pieces of sand does the world's largest Sahara Desert have? Probably to the twenty-fifth power of ten.
How many variations does chess have? Roughly calculated, chess changes to the 120th power of 10, and Chinese chess is more, about the order of 140 to the 140th power of 10.
Chess changes only to the eleventh and fortyth power, and the atoms in the visible part of the universe are only ten to the eightieth power. The changes in Go are incredibly ten to the eight hundred and eight power, far more than all this data countless times!
Eight hundred and eight zeros, astronomically not enough to describe the number of changes in it, this is simply another vast universe!
Teacher Li Yongle explained the changes in Go
One sub contains the Starry Universe
Therefore, there has always been a saying in the world called "there is no same situation in the ages".
Since Go as a competitive game, there will always be victory and defeat, and the strength gap between the various players is often very large, in modern times, with the gradual professionalization of Go, in order to divide these players into high and low, there is a corresponding dan system.
The go career goes through up to three stages.
The first stage is the level. Theoretically divided into twenty-five levels, the smaller the level, the higher the level. If you reach level 3, you can take the amateur dan exam. Gifted children do not know what it means to take the fifth level, about seven or eight years old, the vast majority of small partners who run the career path have far exceeded this stage.
Game
The second stage is the amateur stage, a total of seven stages. From the first to the fifth stage, you can go up through the stage race. Amateur Six Dan needs to qualify by winning an excellent position in a national competition, and Amateur Seven Dan needs to win the International Amateur Chess Players Championship to qualify. At present, the young national players of the Chinese Chess Academy generally have passed this stage around the age of ten.
Children's Go game
The third stage is the professional stage, a total of nine stages. Amateur chess players can position themselves in the first few careers by participating in the fixed-stage competition. At this time, a chess player has just entered the ranks of professional chess players.
A fiery Go stage game
Before 2003, professional chess players had to participate in the annual promotion tournament to improve their positions, which means that from the initial stage to the ninth stage, the minimum time is eight years. After 2003, countries around the world have successively introduced various incentive policies to rapidly improve the rank of young chess players. In international championships, Chinese chess players can win the championship and rise directly to the ninth dan.
In 2013, Chinese chess player Fan Tingyu won the Ying Cup in one fell swoop, becoming the youngest jiudan in history at the age of sixteen and a half years old.
When the "Chess Soul" comic was published, the relevant regulations of the nine paragraphs of the world were different from the current policies.
A live-action version of Chess Soul
What happened in 2003 that led to the change of policies in chess academies around the world?
This matter should start from a legendary figure, who is Lee Sedol.
When it comes to Lee Sedol, most people's first impression is his subversive battle with go AI alpha dogs, and Lee Sedol lost 4:1 to AlphaGo, as a sign, officially announcing the arrival of the era of artificial intelligence.
In this battle, although Lee Sedol lost miserably, he must not underestimate this Korean chess player, in fact, at this time, AlphaGo has completely surpassed humans in the field of Go. Soon after, ke Jie, the world's number one chess player and china's young chess player, lost to AlphaGo 3:0, once again proving the problem.
After "clearing" chess, Go inevitably becomes the next mountain that AI scientists will climb. However, many media and professional players do not care much about this, believing that it is almost impossible for computers to defeat human Go players. Many media outlets have argued this:
For computers to beat humans at Go, wait another 100 years!
Who would have thought that this day would come so quickly, from 1997 to 2017, artificial intelligence has only taken two decades to conquer Go, which is known as the highest temple of human intelligence.
This is the general trend of the times, and it is not a crime of war.
In this way, the last victory of humanity over AlphaGo remains in the hands of Lee Sedol, and Lee Sedol's life is absolutely legendary.
His appearance also directly changed the course of the world of Go.
In 2000, Lee Sedol Sandan from the Jeonkjeong Dojo (the holy land of modern Go in South Korea) came out of nowhere and won the Battle of Tenwon in South Korea, the champion of the Korean Beda Wang Battle, and defeated several Korean professional Nine Dans as a three-dan.
At that time, the promotion section also relied on honestly playing the promotion stage. Lee Sedol's three dans, because of the large number of matches, coupled with the Korean Chess Academy's failure to adjust the schedule of the promotion stage, missed the promotion stage matches in 2001 and 02, resulting in stagnation. The young and vigorous Lee Sedol, in a fit of three paragraphs, declared that he would never participate in the dan competition again, saying that he was also very happy to win nine dan every day in three paragraphs.
Go maniac Lee Sedol
As soon as this statement came out, the Korean chess academy was greatly embarrassed, so that the dan position system that had lasted for a hundred years may face collapse. After some discussion, the Korean Chess Association first promoted the skipping mechanism, with the world champion jumping three, the national champion jumping two, and the national runner-up jumping one.
Taking advantage of this shareholder wind, Lee Sedol Sandan jumped directly to the ninth dan in less than a year with a world champion, a national runner-up, and a world champion, three six seven nine. The Korean Chess Academy was also relieved.
With the adjustment of the Korean chess academy, countries around the world, even China and Japan, have also followed the pace. China introduced the skipping system in 2003, following the example of South Korea, and later adopted a straight-up system, where the world champion or two-time world runner-up could rise nine straight. In 2016, Li Qincheng won the Asian Cup TV Fast Chess Tournament and rose from the second stage to the ninth dan, creating the record for the largest direct rise.
With the arrogant Lee Sedol Nine Duan in the early 21st century to call the wind and rain shocked the Qiankun, led to the reform of professional Go policy, we have appeared countless young Nine Dan, forehead? There are still a numbers. In short, this is the most splendid era in the world of Go, and it is also the era when all of us have created miracles.
Below, the author will continue to bring you the century-old history of world Go.
From the late Qing Dynasty to the new century in 2017, in the past hundred years, we have experienced the decline of the country and the absence of heroes; we have also experienced difficult resistance, internal and external troubles; and we have also witnessed the great revival after the reform.
National luck is chess luck!
Along the way, we have experienced the supremacy of the Japanese, the great revival, the folding of the sand, and the era of the rule of the stone Buddha.
Let's witness the rise of Chinese Go together.
Wind and rain are fluttering, the former servants are succeeding, the ancestral dragon is not dead, the chess soul is returning, god bless China!
I would like to pay tribute to the beloved Game of Go!