<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > 1985, the 28th Army was originally stationed in Linfen, why did it move to Datong? </h1>
The story of the Yang family is familiar, and She Taijun personally led twelve widows to march to the west, staging the Northern Song Version of "Heroic Children". Although it is a story of interpretation, She Taijun, who understands the great righteousness of the country, does not make posterity admire. She Taijun was born in Yunzhong, which is now Datong, Shanxi.
What is less well known is that since 1985, our army entered the era of the seven major military regions, and the military headquarters of the 28th Group Army of the Beijing Military Region was stationed in Datong. How did the thousand-year-old city of Datong connect with the 28th Army? I will tell you why.
Figure | Datong
The predecessor of the 28th Group Army, the 28th Army, is a heroic unit with outstanding military achievements, and its history can be traced back to the Bohai Naval Region, which was born during the War of Resistance Against Japan. In January 1944, the Central Military Commission established the Bohai Naval Region of the Eighth Route Army on the basis of the two major military regions of Jilubian and Qinghe.
In September 1945, at the time of the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the main force of the Bohai Naval Region advanced into the northeast and became the main part of the 43rd Army, the main force of the Fourth Field Army. The remaining local troops evolved several times into the Tenth Column of the East China Field Army.
Figure | advance into the northeast
Huaye Ten Columns is a unit that can fight hard battles, and has left brilliant achievements in the merit book of major battles such as the Battle of Laiwu, the Battle of Tai'an, and the Battle of Menglianggu. In particular, in the Battle of Menglianggu, Huaye's Ten Columns went all out to block the enemy's ace 5th Army from moving south, preventing it from reinforcing Zhang Lingfu.
In January 1949, huaye 10th column was renamed the 28th Army, under the jurisdiction of the 82nd, 83rd, 84th divisions, the total army of 34,000 people, under the 3rd Field Army Tenth Corps. Zhu Shaoqing and Chen Meizao, two veteran revolutionaries who have been tested by the flames of war, served as military commanders and political commissars respectively. After that, the 28th Army participated in the battles of Crossing the River, Shanghai, and Fuzhou.
Figure | Zhu Shaoqing (former commander of the 28th Army)
In May 1952, the 28th Army was stationed in Putian, Fujian Province, and was subordinate to the combat sequence of the Fujian Military Region. In November 1969, in order to strengthen the defense forces around the capital, the Central Military Commission ordered the 28th Army to march thousands of miles north to garrison Linfen, Shanxi.
In June 1985, after years of deliberation, the Central Military Commission opened the prelude to the million-dollar disarmament. In this context, the Army system ushered in a major adjustment, 35 field armies were reduced by 11, the specific list and destination are as follows:
| In 1985, 11 field armies were dismantled
As can be seen from the above figure, after the withdrawal of the 69th Army, its subordinate units were merged into the 28th and 65th Army Groups. How to "separate families"? The situation is as follows:
The 205th Division was transferred to the 28th Army;
The 207th Division was transferred to the 65th Army;
The 206th Division was abolished.
After adjustment, in addition to the 82nd, 83rd, and 205th Divisions under its jurisdiction, the 28th Group Army also added new faces such as the 7th Tan Division, the Artillery Brigade, and the Anti-Aircraft Artillery Brigade. However, after the establishment of the 28th Group Army, the military headquarters also left the "hometown" Linfen and moved to the "new home" datong.
In the author's opinion, the relocation of the military headquarters of the 28th Group Army from Linfen to Datong mainly has the following three reasons:
First, Datong's special strategic location;
Shanxi has always been a place where soldiers and families must fight, all because of the special terrain. Zuo Qiuming, a historian of the pre-Qin Dynasty, in the "Twenty-Eight Years of Zuo Chuan and Gong Gong", made an incisive judgment on the terrain of Shanxi:
The sub-offender said: 'Battle also. If you are victorious in battle, you will win the princes. If it is not successful, the mountains and rivers in the surface will be harmless. ’
The Wei and Jin scholar Du Xian further explained in the Spring and Autumn ZuoShi Sutra Collection: "The Rivers outside the Jin Dynasty and the Mountains within the Mountains. "The old ancestors had unique insights, and Shanxi has large mountains and rivers, forming a relatively closed strategic buffer zone, as shown in the following figure:
Figure | topography of Shanxi Province
The topography of Shanxi can be summarized as "two mountains and one river", that is, there is The Lüliang Mountains in the west, the Taihang Mountains in the east, and the Fenhe River Valley, a tributary of the Yellow River in the middle, like a boulder "hanging" above the Central Plains. Therefore, all dynasties and dynasties have attached importance to the defense of Shanxi.
Figure | Datong 3D stereoscopic map
As can be seen from the above figure, it is not difficult for us to find the superiority of Datong's terrain. Therefore, the importance of Shanxi's defense has always been in Datong, which is a rare strategic place:
Taking the Ming Dynasty as an example, Datong ranked first among the nine major towns, and has always been a bridgehead to prevent nomadic people from going south, and the safety of the Beijing division is all related to this, and its strategic position is extremely important.
Secondly, Datong railway transportation is developed;
Datong's railway development has a long history and belongs to the city pulled out by typical trains. The author will list the timeline of the development of datong railway:
In January 1914, the Dazhang Railway (the predecessor of the Beijing-Baotou Line) was built to Datong, and datong station was established;
In May 1933, the construction of the Nantongpu Railway began. In November, the construction of the North Tongpu Railway began;
In December 1935, the Tongpu Railway was completed and opened to traffic;
In March 1939, the North Tongpu Railway was completed.
At this point, Datong has formed a letter "Y" pattern, as shown in the following figure:
The | map of Shanxi Province during the Republic of China period
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Shanxi Railway ushered in a new period of development, and Datong was no exception. In 1980, after the large-scale expansion of Datong Station, it gradually became an important railway hub connecting the hinterland of North China, Northwest China and Sanjin.
Finally, Datong was originally the headquarters of the 69th Army, and the infrastructure was perfect;
In December 1952, the 23rd Corps was downsized to the 69th Army, and was later stationed in Baoding, Hebei. In February 1967, the 69th Army moved to Taiyuan, Shanxi. In October 1969, the 69th Army moved to Datong. By the time of the Million Dollar Disarmament in June 1985, the 69th Army had been stationed in Datong for 16 years, almost a generation.
Picture | Datong old photo
The 69th Army has been stationed in Datong for so long that there is no problem with the infrastructure. After the withdrawal of the 69th Army, the 28th Army liberated Datong, which was in a strategic position of great importance, which was a matter of course. This has the advantage of making rational use of existing military assets and reducing unnecessary waste.
The | old photo of the 28th Army
In 1998, the 28th Army was withdrawn and merged into the 63rd Army. In 2003, the 63rd Army was withdrawn and merged into the 27th Army. On the eve of the 2016 military reform, the 27th Group Army was moved from Shijiazhuang, Hebei to Taiyuan, Shanxi, and its military headquarters was used by the newly built Central Theater Army organs. It can be seen from this that the rational use of the original garrison after the transfer is also a major tradition of our army...
Resources:
[1] The Hundred Battles Division (28) Chinese the 28th Army of the People's Liberation Army (Regal. 〈Military Shi Lin));
[2] "Military History of the 69th Army of the Chinese People's Liberation Army" (Junwei.
[3] "31 Military Units Abolished by Million Disarmament" (Xilu Net);
[4] Overview of Datong. Physical Geography (Datong Municipal People's Government);
[5] "Tongpu Railway Expert Building Is Still Here" (Shanxi Evening News).