Liu Jiang
Liu Jiang, born and died without examination. He is the founder of Gutian Jianxian County. Before Tang Kaiyuan, Gutian had not yet set up a county, and there were more than a thousand households of natives who depended on Liu Jiang. In the twenty-eighth year of Tang Kaiyuan (740), Liu Jiang, Lin Yi, Lin Xi and others led the people to dedicate land to Tang and wished to organize it into a county. On April 2 of the following year, it was approved as a county. Emperor Xuanzong of Tang was loyal to him, put him in charge of county affairs, and gave him the name of Xinjiang. Soon, Liu Jiang asked another county lord to retire with his sons and clansmen.
The people of the county made a contribution to Liu Jiang's dedication to the county, and after his death, he commemorated the temple (i.e., the City God Temple) with his former residence and was worshipped as the owner. The temple is also known as Ningjing, the JiangYu number Shunning Zhengying Marquis, the lady Lin clan conforms to the left lady, and the Zheng clan number Zheng Ning right lady. It was sealed from the Song to the Qing Dynasty.
Chen Jinggu
Chen Jinggu, also known as Jinggu, is known as Lady Linshui, and is known as "Linshui Milk" and "Da Nong Milk". Fuzhou Xiadu people. He was born on the fifteenth day of the first month of the second year of Tang Tianyou (905). Another is said to have been born in the second year of the Tang Dynasty (767), and another is said to be a person during the Five Dynasties of the Min Dynasty.
Jinggu's father was named Chen Chang, his mother Ge Shi, who had been farming and a witch for generations. Jinggu was orphaned and lived a life of farming and animal husbandry with her brother Shouyuan. One day, he delivered food to his brother who was herding cattle in the mountains, and when he met a widow, he "immediately sent his rice and rice", and left one of his own meals to his brother. And took the old woman into the house and "took the mother's business." A woman who is sick and sick kneels and sucks for it; when a woman dies, she is buried in a coffin. When Jinggu was 17 years old, she went to Lushan To learn Taoism. At the age of 18, he married Liu Qi, a native of Gutian. He successively gave medical treatment and rescue in the Minjiang River Basin and the northern Fujian provinces to eliminate evil and goodness. After Tang Tiancheng encountered a major drought in the third year (928), Jinggu took pregnancy to pray for rain to eliminate the disaster, and after several dangerous environments, she finally died in childbirth, at the age of 24. Later generations felt its virtue and built a temple in its waterfront village of the Fudi Bridge. The temple was originally named "Longyuan Temple", and Emperor Lizong of Song gave the forehead "Shunyi", so it was also called Shunyi Temple, and successive emperors accumulated praise and praise. Ming University scholar Zhang Yining composed "Shunyi Temple Record", praised his "virtue in the people's livelihood", "Mindu Beiji" and other wild history shishishi performed many legendary stories. Chen Jinggu was a deified female master, widely circulated, famous at home and abroad, and admired by people.
Zhang Yining
Zhang Yining (張 Yining), also spelled Zhidao, was born in the fourth year (1300) of Yuan Dade in the family of the eunuchs of Gutian County. His father, Zhang Yiqing, was a political governor of Fujian and Jiangxi provinces at that time. Listening to his mother's training at a young age, he is eager to learn tirelessly and reads a lot of books.
In the fourth year of Taiding (1327), he was appointed as a judge of Huangyan County, Zhejiang, and later promoted to Yin of Liuhe County, Jiangsu. Because of his inability to enforce the law and the offense against the magnates, he was dismissed from office soon after. After that, he lived in the Jianghuai and Yangzhou areas for 10 years. During this period, he studied "Spring and Autumn", sent love to the landscape, and wrote many popular poems.
In the fourth year of the Yuan Dynasty (1338), Emperor Huizong was summoned as the assistant teacher of the Crown Prince, and he was transferred to Hanlin to serve as a lecturer, a scholar of knowledge, and a scholar of national history. Yi Ning was proficient in scripture and history, and was also good at poetry, and was deeply appreciated by the Confucians in chaosu, and was known as "Xiao Zhang Bachelor", and became famous for a while. For the next 20 years, he served in Yuan Dadu. Although he is in the capital, he misses his hometown. Famous articles such as "Sending Heavy Peak Ruan Zi Jing Nan Huan" are his nostalgic works of nostalgia for the land.
In the 28th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1368), Zhu Yuanzhang set the capital nanjing after destroying the Yuan Dynasty and changed the name of the country to Daming. He was succeeded by Yining as a bachelor's attendant in Hanlin. In the same year, Zhu Yuanzhang ascended the Bell Mountain to see the mountains and rivers, and took Ning, Qin Yubo, Zhu Sheng and other subordinates. Walking to the Yongcui Pavilion, the three of them were ordered to compose poems on the spot, and Ning Ning was immediately praised. Soon, Song Lian, who was called "the head of the founding ministers" by Zhu Yuanzhang, came to Nanjing. When Song Lian was young, he admired Yi Ning's talent, and at this time, he met and hated to meet and hate. They each exerted their own efforts, observed each other, and broke each other's hearts. Ning grew up in poetry, Song Lian was good at writing, and after that, their poems were frequently exchanged, and they sang from the heart, which was known as the "double star gathering".
In the autumn of the second year of Hongwu (1369), Yi Ning sent an envoy to Annam (present-day indochina, then a vassal of China) with the order of Ning Fengjie, and made Chen Ri, the king of Annam, king of □ as king. Zhu Yuanzhang composed imperial poems to show his grandeur. Arrived, □ sick and sick. His son Chen Lixuan succeeded to the throne and sent people to beg for the seal from Yining, who stayed in the Erjiang River and did not grant it, but only told him to mourn the country and play the details to the imperial court. The following year, the imperial court sent emissaries to Ning Cai to enter the country to hold a grand ceremony for the king. Taizu Jia was informed of the change of power by Ning's envoy, and specially gave him eight seal books and imperial poems. In May of the third year, fengwang Libi, Yi Ning returned to the dynasty to resume his life, due to old age and physical weakness, he was overwhelmed by exhaustion, and died of illness in Linqing on the way. On his deathbed, he wrote a poem to himself: "... There was a thick body covered with Qianlou quilts, there was no Lu Jiajin in the weeping bridges, the children were hungry and worried, and the burial pain of the relatives of The Kind relatives was particularly deep..." Taizu heard the news, and ordered Zhang Lu to be buried in the southwest of the county, An Ma Ting, and gave him three years of food to comfort his family.
Yining is good at scripture and history, especially good at poetry. As a poet who entered the Ming Dynasty from the Yuan Dynasty, Yining experienced the great turmoil at the end of the Yuan Dynasty and came into contact with real life and difficult people's livelihood. A considerable part of his poems expose the darkness of reality, express the concern for the people, and are full of social significance. His "Elegy" on his deathbed is a masterpiece in this regard. In terms of artistic style, his poems trace back to the Qin and Han Dynasties, and Li Du of the Lower Emperor, and are more important than the times with more colloquialism, shallow and simple, fresh intentions, and strong emotions. For example, in "Sending Chongfeng Ruan Zi Jingnan Huan", the famous Qing poet Shen Deqian commented on this poem: "Emotion is entangled, like "Drinking Horse Great Wall Cave Line" (Chen Lin). "The poem "Emei Pavilion", Shen Deqian and Zhou Zhun thought that this poem was "He Minus Too White" when compiling the "Ming Poetry Beijue". And "Passing Xin Jiaxuan Shinto", the artistic conception is desolate, the feelings are tragic, and the ink is free, and it can also be read together with Du Fu's poems of Zhuge Wuhou. In the about one hundred years since the founding of the Ming Dynasty, when the "Tai Ge style" poetry style represented by the "Three Yangs" (Yang Shiqi, Yang Rong, and Yang Pu) represented by the "Three Yangs" (Yang Shiqi, Yang Rong, and Yang Pu) occupied the poetry world, the unique style of poetry in Ning did bring new vitality and life to the poetry circle in the early Ming Dynasty. Enin's article is also quite prestigious. After his death, the famous literary scholar Song Lian once wrote a preface to his "Cuiping Collection": "Entering into the plump and not flowing in the bushes, majestic but not rough, clear and not involved in the floating, snakes without being sick in fine pieces, it can be described as a generation of miracles!" Although the gentleman is dead, he is as brilliant as a star and as flowing as a river, but he has not yet died; and if he believes in the latter now, will he not be there!"
Before his death, Yi Ning wrote three volumes of "Spring and Autumn Commentary", eight volumes of "Spring and Autumn Zun Wang Fawei", one volume of "Spring and Autumn Spring King Zhengyue Examination", four volumes of "Cuiping Collection", one volume of "Huainan Collection", one volume of "Nangui Jixing", and also wrote "Title Guo Cheng's Hundred Birds Map" and other famous articles. Now there are many scattered. The first collection of Quanming Poems, published in 1990, contains a number of poems by Yining.
Gan National Treasure
Gan Guobao, characters ji zhao, yi zi and an. Originally from Xiaoliyang Village, Ganjixia, Pingnan County, he was born in the 48th year of the Qing Kangxi Dynasty (1709). At the age of 7, he moved with his father to Changling Shangzhai Village, Gutian County. When he was a child, guobao was intelligent and active, and when he was studying private school, he loved martial arts, archery, and occasionally shot pigs and melons, and fled after being beaten by his father, and leaped over the low wall, like a small tiger, and his father was surprised. The latter side practices, and the other side practices martial arts until he becomes famous.
In the fifth year of Yongzheng (1727), the national treasure examination was held in Xiucai, the Yongzheng Seven-Year Examination was held in Wuju, the Yongzheng Eleventh Year Examination was the third place, and the temple examination was second-class eight martial artists, and the imperial former bodyguard was awarded. In the third year of Qianlong (1738), he led the Minister of Internal Affairs and was awarded the right wing town of Guangdong to bid for the middle army. Later, he successively served as the deputy general of the Guangdong guerrilla and Huguang Dongting, and was promoted to the general of Xianning Town in Guizhou, and then moved to Shandong, Jiangnan, Zhejiang, Nan'ao, Haitan and other places.
In the twenty-fourth year of Qianlong, The National Treasure served as the chief soldier of taiwan. Emperor Gaozong of the Qing Dynasty decreed: "This is the first key area, and those who are not talented and talented, and those who have clear knowledge are not competent." "National treasures are entrusted with the work of making general patrols, sub-patrols, and sentinel laws, strict boundaries, reprimands, observing the people's feelings, and re-cultivating, so that "the soldiers are safe and the people are safe." At that time, the people of Liudoumen were suffering from the Ryukyu pirate invasion, and the national treasure organized patrols and arrests, so that "thieves were traced and there were no police in the houses.". When he was transferred to the interior, the people sent the flag of the people and the umbrella of the people, and they were sent to Lu'er Gate in the same boat. Qianlong's thirty-year national treasure was once again transferred from Lei Qiong, Guangdong Province, and the people welcomed him with a road, and later set up a shrine for him.
The national treasure is to lead the way and show compassion for the soldiers and the people. In the twenty-sixth and thirty-fourth years of Qianlong, the national treasure entered Fujian for the second time as a admiral of the marine division and an admiral of the land route, and repeatedly said to his subordinates: "Those who defend the land must not be at home, and those who defend the sea must not be on the land." "Every time you take a boat, you lead a boat to patrol, although the waves are terrifying, you do not avoid it." The march was aimed at not disturbing the people. Qianlong served as the viceroy of Guangdong for thirty-two years, and when the harvest in South Australia failed, and the water in Huizhou was large, he donated grain to collect grain, set up a factory to give porridge, and helped the victims of the disaster. After the disaster, the rice is expensive, and the rich households are advised to level the rice. He also often gave medicine and coffins, "burying the soldiers without heirs, and returning the bones of the dead." "The national treasure is a life of charity and charity, advocating the construction of Tangshou Bridge and Chaotian Bridge in Gutian, the Tianhou Temple in Xiamen, and the Yuan Temple in Quanzhou.
National treasure also loves literature and ink, is good at landscape painting, especially the "finger tiger" painting to convey the gods, each has its own form, including walking tiger, fu tiger, crouching tiger, descending tiger and so on. His hometown treasures the "Finger Tiger" ink treasure, signed "Finger Life".
In the forty-first year of Qianlong, the national treasure went out to visit the Eight Provinces of Fujian, passing through Quanzhou, dying and dying at the age of 68. Posthumously awarded Dr. Ronglu. He was buried in Maotou Mountain outside Beiguan, Fuzhou.
The national treasure has had an extraordinary life experience, and a plaque hangs on the door of its house that is "extraordinary". Under the former residence of Xiao Liyang and his ancestral hometown of Ganji, there are 13 sacred wills written in Chinese and Manchu characters, one of which is printed with the silk holy will of the Qianlong Emperor's jade seal to reward him, but it has been lost. Only 24 stone lions and one frame of finger tiger works next to their parents' graves are preserved in Gutian Changling Village. Its performance is still widely circulated in the private sector.
Lin Zhao
Lin Chaoping, zi Shizhen, also known as Shi'an, also known as Shi'an, was born in the eighth year of Qing Jiaqing (1803). His father, Lin Chengchang, served as the chief soldier of Tai (Bay) Peng (Lake) for thirteen years in Jiaqing. When the dynasty hired young people, they were generous and talented, and in the fifteenth year of Daoguang (1835), they were selected from Jiupin and distributed to the Quzhou Prefecture of Zhejiang Province.
Twenty years after Daoguang, Britain launched a war of aggression against China. In July, Dinghai and Ningbo fell, pointing directly to Yuyao. The viceroy Yu Buyun and the prefect Deng Yancai abandoned the city and fled to Shangyu. The military situation was critical, eastern Zhejiang was shaken, and Shi Duchao hired the main force to stick to it, and was appointed as the acting Yuyao Zhi County. Only ten days after arriving, the British ship had arrived. The dprk urgently ordered the defenders and soldiers to fortify the city skillfully, planting flags all over the city wall, listing relatives and soldiers in the city tower, laying earthen cannons at the battlements, and then opening the city gate. Chao Hired "single and subordinate, take a light boat straight to the British camp", meet Bo Mai, "righteous and awe-inspiring, righteousness and responsibility". The British chieftain held a telescope in his hand to overlook the city, but saw the flag swaying, swords and guns lined up, and saw that Chao Ping was dressed in a military uniform, with extraordinary courage, and after hesitating for a while, he ordered the British ship to retreat, and Yu Yao turned the danger into safety. Afterwards, the governor of Zhejiang sent Yao Jiang to retreat from the enemy to the imperial court. The Daoguang Emperor's imperial inscription "Loyalty and Courage Can Be Commended" plaque was given to the court, and he was given the title of Six Pins dai Lan Ling, and was entrusted with Yu Yao Ling. In order to prevent the British army from committing another offense, the DPRK spared no effort to mobilize the people to strengthen the city, recruit volunteers and braves, organize regiments to train troops, and at the same time, they also connected with the general troops of Zhenhai, Ningbo, Dinghai and other places and the Ge Yunfei department of the peasant rebel army to establish a joint anti-British armed force to jointly resist the enemy.
Twenty-one years after Daoguang, the Daoguang Emperor wanted to summon the right one to the capital. After entering Beijing, Mu Zhang'a, one of the leaders of the capitulation faction, thought that he was brave and promising and could be used, so he sent people to spread the word as if he were quoting from the past. Chao Ping despised treachery and refused to visit. Mu Zhang'a was jealous. A few days later, the Daoguang Emperor summoned The Emperor and, when discussing the ban on smoking, asked, "How about Lin Zexu as an official?" The courtiers said: "The subject entered the Capital Road through Jiangnan, and the people along the river called Lord Lin a good official, and there were many people who praised virtue. Then, he directly expounded the harm of opium and vigorously rebuked the saying that "the ban on smoking is a disaster." At that time, shortly after Lin Zexu was deposed and punished, Wang Ding and other ministers tried their best to save each other, and the court hired him to "be the right theory of the temple", and the ministers of the main war faction all praised him as "slanderous ministers". After the summons, Emperor Mu suo admired the anti-British feats and superhuman courage of the emperor, and gave him a picture of "Yao Jiang's Retreat from the Enemy" on the yellow aya that was square on one side, and the picture was Shiyun: "The unique weichen does not care about his body, and the new picture is a clever paper to convey the gods." Yao Jiang, who knows the hero's face, does not paint people who have abandoned the armor. A few days later, the Daoguang Emperor summoned the emperor again to encourage him to serve the country, intending to entrust him with a heavy responsibility. Mu Zhang'a said, "The emperor was originally a jiupinsi prison, and he could not be promoted to a minister immediately!" Due to his strong obstruction, the Daoguang Emperor changed the title of Emperor to Dinghai Zhizhi Tongzhi for Hua Ling and Gong Fold.
In June of that year, chao was hired back to Dinghai, Zhejiang. In August, the British government reassigned Pu Dingcha to lead 10,000 troops, 20 warships (carrying 668 guns), 10 armed ships (carrying 56 guns), and many transport ships and survey ships (all carrying various military supplies), and launched a large-scale northern invasion and once again captured Dinghai. Because Ge Yunfei and others had already sacrificed one after another, only the remainder remained, and the anti-British forces weakened. Not forgetting the responsibility of defending the country, the dprk led the army and the people to fight bravely and once again repelled the British army. Due to overwork, he unfortunately fell seriously ill and died in Dinghai in the 26th year of Daoguang.
After the emperor was killed, the Soldiers and Civilians of Zhejiang transferred their coffins to the reception temple in Yuyao and erected a monument to record his life deeds. The Daoguang Emperor also ordered Gutianzhi County to supervise the work and build a shrine in Shanyang to praise him. In the first year of Tongzhi (1862), the remains of the emperor were transported back to Shanyang by Yuyao and buried in Fulonggang. When Inspector Shen Baozhen of Jiangxi wrote a tomb inscription for it.
Yuanying
Yuan Ying, commonly known as Wu Hengchun, legal name Hongwu, alias Taoguang. Guangxu was born in the fourth year (1878) in a farmhouse in Duanshang Village, Pinghu Town, Gutian County. Both parents died at the age of 6. Since childhood, he has been intelligent, and his poems have been recited, and the townspeople are regarded as "prodigies". At the age of 18, Zhongxiucai had the idea of home, abandoned his family and ran away, and was chased back by his uncle. In the following year, he decided to take refuge in Buddhism and went to Yongquan Temple in Gushan, Fuzhou to worship Master Zengxi as a teacher, and then transferred to Xuefeng Temple as a monk.
Yuan Ying has a lofty ambition and is determined to participate in the famous brakes in various places to facilitate further study. In the twenty-fifth year of Guangxu, he went to Tianning Temple in Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, to study Zen. Five years later, he transferred to Tiantong Temple in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, to practice meditation from a Zen master. He studied assiduously, had superior understanding, and was insightful in Zen, and was deeply valued by the two mages. In the first year of Xuantong (1909), he took over as the abbot of the Reception Temple in Yinxian County, Zhejiang Province, and returned to Yongquan Temple to give lectures on the "Theory of Protector", which emerged in the Zen forest. Since then, he has traveled to various famous mountains and big stops, performed teachings and propagated the Fa, and the Dharma seats have spread all over the world at home and abroad. In view of the decline of Buddhism, he opened Buddhist seminars modeled on the new-style schools, conducted formal education, and cultivated many Buddhist talents.
In the 3rd year of the Republic of China (1914), Yuan Ying studied a large number of works by Yongming and Lotus Pond Masters, accepted the idea of "Pure Land Buddhism", zen and purity, and laid the foundation for the future Buddhist theory to be unique in the Zen forest. In the same year, he helped Master Ji to organize the "Chinese Buddhist Association" and was elected as the Senate President.
In the 6th to 7th years of the Republic of China, Yuanying successively established a monk's school and a Buddhist orphanage in Ningbo, implementing half-work and half-study, so that poor young people and street children could read and write, and the provinces followed suit. In the 9th year of the Republic of China, he went to Beijing to give a lecture on the Leng Yan Jing, just when a serious drought occurred in the five northern provinces, he organized a Buddhist relief meeting to raise funds for the victims with the belief that Mahayana buddhism actively joined the WTO and benefited all sentient beings, which won praise from all walks of life, and Xu Shichang, president of the Beiyang government, gave a commendation. In the 11th year of the Republic of China, he was invited to Singapore and Penang to preach. The following year, he went to Taiwan to contact the Buddhist community and expand Buddhist cultural exchanges at home and abroad and across the Taiwan Strait. In the 14th year of the Republic of China, he returned to Quanzhou and founded the "Kaiyuan Ci'er Hospital", serving as the director of the hospital and adopting more than 200 orphans. The governor of Fujian Province, Sa Zhen Bingshu, presented a plaque of "Po Xin Fa Milk" to commend it.
In the 17th year of the Republic of China, the National Education Conference was held in Nanjing, at which a resolution was passed to convert the national monasteries into schools, and all temple properties should be used as education funds. Yuan Ying resolutely opposed it, rose up to defend the religion, and was elected as the chairman of the newly established Chinese Buddhist Association. He immediately led a Buddhist delegation to Nanjing to petition, and with the support of the vast number of Buddhists, the Nanjing government finally abolished the "Temple Management Regulations" that changed the temple into a school. Soon, in order to share social responsibility, he advocated that the Buddhist community "eat itself, support itself, and benefit the society" and set up various charitable and welfare undertakings. For a time, Buddhist Kindergartens, hospitals, factories, and agricultural and forestry farms were established. In the 19th year of the Republic of China, he took over as the abbot of Tiantong Temple, and as soon as he entered the temple, he announced that "no greed for fame, no profit, no selfishness, no fraud, no security..." and other "twelve noes" rules and regulations were put into practice. Since then, the temple has been rectified from top to bottom, everyone has been self-disciplined, and the temple style has been new.
In the autumn of the 20th year of the Republic of China, a large area of land flooded, and Yuan Ying ran to appeal and collect donations for the victims. After the outbreak of the "September 18" incident, he, in his capacity as chairman of the Buddhist Association of China, informed Buddhists throughout the country to start building a "national protection dojo," called the Mongolian and Tibetan monasteries to guard against the enemy's conspiracy and separatist activities, and at the same time wrote a letter to the Japanese Buddhist circles, calling on his followers to work together with the Chinese people to stop the Japanese militarists' aggression against China. In the summer of the 23rd year of the Republic of China, Yuan Ying was re-elected as the president of the Buddhist Association of China. In the autumn of that year, he gave a lecture in Nanjing on the "Prajnaparamita Sutra of the Protector of the Nation", advocating the use of Buddhist teachings to save people, save the country, and save the world. At the same time, the Yuanming Lecture Hall was built in Shanghai as the main place for him to engage in lectures and writings.
In December of the 25th year of the Republic of China, Yuan Ying returned to Fujian after the expiration of his term as abbot of Tiantong Temple, and took over the abbot of Yongquan Temple. In July of the following year, the Lugou Bridge Incident occurred, and the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression broke out in full swing. He presided over an emergency meeting of the supervisors of the Chinese Buddhist Association, called on Buddhists throughout the country to participate in the anti-Japanese rescue work, and established a Buddhist wartime rescue group and a refugee shelter, personally serving as the head of the ambulance regiment. During the "August 13" Songhu War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he sent a monk ambulance team to the front line to rescue the wounded, and after the fall of Shanghai, the ambulance team withdrew to Nanjing and rotated to Wuhan to continue its work. At that time, the country was in financial difficulties, and there were no funds for refugee shelters and hospitals in various places. In October, he was entrusted by The President of the State Government, Lin Sen, to take his codex and letter of introduction to Nanyang with his high disciple Ming yang to collect donations. Traveling to Kuala Lumpur, Penang, Ipoh and Malacca, he advocated the "One Dollar National Salvation Movement" among overseas Chinese and remitted the huge amount of money raised back to China. During this period, he wrote a letter instructing the Hankou and Ningbo Buddhist Associations to form the second and third monk rescue teams respectively, act with the army, and persist in resisting Japan.
In the autumn of the 28th year of the Republic of China, Yuan Ying returned to Shanghai. In early September, he and Ming Yang were arrested by the Japanese gendarmes and taken to the North Sichuan Luqiao Gendarmerie Headquarters, where they were transferred to the Japanese Gendarmerie Headquarters in Nanjing. The enemy first tortured them to extract a confession, shot them to force them to confess their guilt to resisting Japan, and then lured them to cooperate with the Japanese side. The two masters and apprentices always adhered to the national integrity, severely rebuked them, and went on a hunger strike in protest. The enemy had no choice but to release them. After his release from prison, Yuanying closed the door of the Yuanming Lecture Hall and concentrated on writing, writing a large number of works, such as "Teaching Bodhichitta Lectures", "Persuading the Practice of the Dharma Gate", "Explanation of the Midas Sutra", "Outline of the Lengyan Sutra", and so on. He compiled these sutras together with the sutras written in the early period, such as the Mahayana Rising Faith, the Golden Steel Banruo, and the Fahua, as well as the Collected Poems of Yi Roaring Tang, the Collected Writings of Yi Roaring Tang, the Lectures of Yuanying, and the Quotations of The Abbot's Zen Buddhism, which were compiled into The Yuanying Fahui and published by Fu Zi. During this period, he did not forget the difficulties of the country, and once gave the teachers and students of the Beijing Buddhist College the following inscription: "The rise and fall of the country is the responsibility of the puppeteer; the rise and fall of Buddhism, the responsibility of the believers." ”
In the 34th year of the Republic of China, he founded the "Yuanming Lengyan Zhuanzong College" in Shanghai, appointed himself as the dean, and trained a large number of high-level Buddhist talents. In the 36th year of the Republic of China, he went to Nanyang to preach the scriptures and promote Buddhism. When he returned to the mainland, friends in Hong Kong, Singapore and other places advised him to go to Singapore and other countries to spend his old age again. But he said: "I am Chinese, born in China, died in China, never he went!"
After liberation, Yuan Ying attended the Asian and Pacific Peace Conference held in Beijing in September 1952 and issued a joint statement with representatives of the Buddhist community attending the meeting, calling on Buddhists throughout the country to unite and "stop aggression and defend peace." After the meeting, he returned to Shanghai and set up the "Wishing for World Peace Festival" at the Yuanming Lecture Hall, giving a speech on stage and sincerely praying that "the national fortunes are prosperous and prosperous, the people are always happy, and the world will always be at peace." In May 1953, the inaugural meeting of the Buddhist Association of China was held in Beijing, and Yuan Ying did not attend due to illness, but was still elected as the first president. Soon, Yuanying's esophageal cancer worsened, and knowing that he would soon die, he decided to return to Laotiantong Temple. Before leaving, he wrote down his will and handed it to Zhao Puchu, and sent a message again: "... May the Buddhists of our country work with one heart and one mind, actively participate in the patriotic movement and devote themselves to the cause of peace. ..."It was September 12 of that year. He was 75 years old. Yuan Ying is not only proficient in Buddhist studies, but also good at poetry and calligraphy, and his ink has been left in all major Zen forests in China.
Li Ruochu
Li Ruochu, known as Jingxun, fenglin mountain people, Shanyang township Xiazhuang people. Guangxu was born in the nineteenth year (1893) and lost his father ten months later. The widowed mother Yu Shi was determined to care for orphans and gave enlightenment books such as the "Three Character Classic" and the "Thousand Character Text". By the age of 11, if he first entered the school, he would learn to paint under the local show talent Yu Liangjun. In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), he entered the provincial city of Luoshan School. After graduation, he taught at Xiapu Zuoyuan Middle School, Fuzhou Trinity Middle School, and Tao Shu and Yuying Girls' High School. He was the first batch of qualified high Chinese language teachers by the province. After liberation, he was elected as a member of the second to fourth term of the CPPCC Gutian County. After retiring in 1958, he was recruited to teach calligraphy and ancient Chinese at Nanping Normal College and Zhangzhou Normal College. He has been coaching for more than 40 years. In his later years, he returned to Li, lived alone in a house, and signed himself as a "Xuejia Lou". All day long practicing books and paintings, chanting poems and entertaining themselves. Unfortunately, he was killed by his nephew in September 1974 at the age of 82.
Ruo Chuping was a master of calligraphy and painting, a work of poetry, and a good seal carving. He is a master of modern calligraphy. In his early years of calligraphy, he learned Liu Gongquan, practiced grass to learn the Second King and Huai Su, and studied Shi Chen and Li Ji Erbei in calligraphy. After middle age, it integrates hundreds of families, has its own style, and has all kinds of preparations. Its grass is the most prestigious, the pen gesture is graceful and elegant, not carved and proud; its crazy cursive pen is strange, not intended to operate and the mood is self-explanatory; its lishu, the pen is dignified and beautiful, not lead and elegant, but the style is high. Professor Huang Shouqi, former head of the department of Chinese of Fujian Normal University, once praised his cursive art with the words of "cold monkeys drinking water to shake the dead vines, and strong men pulling mountains like iron" in Huaisu's "Self-Narrative" of the Tang Dynasty. Ruochu is also good at painting plum bamboo. The pen is full of energy, the composition is vigorous and thick, the ink is thick and light, and the form and spirit are both available. Especially famous for Momei. In 1960, the Central Ministry of Culture held a national calligraphy exhibition competition, and he ranked sixth with a painting of "Counting The Popular Figures and Looking at the Present Dynasty" in the Wild Grass Hall. His calligraphy and painting works have ranked among the best in various provincial exhibitions, and he has been selected for overseas exhibitions many times. His works are collected by many art academies and museums in Japan.
If the first calligraphy and painting, elegant and customary appreciation. Many people inside and outside the county, inside and outside the province, and at home and abroad who came to seek his ink treasure came one after another for many years; the local villagers were especially proud of his inscriptions, and often asked him to write with dung buckets, brown coats, and agricultural tools, and he also gladly waved them. And those who are shallow and snobbish are ignored. He once carved himself a medallion of "worthless, not sold in all articles", and when he was satisfied with his work, he solemnly covered his mind to see his humble and arrogant literary personality.
Before his death, Ruo Chu wrote a volume of "Wren Sending Xuan Poetry Grass", a volume of "Fenglin Old Man's Seal collection", and a collection of calligraphy and painting seal engraving works. Unfortunately, it was torched during the Cultural Revolution. And his countless masterpieces of calligraphy and painting seal engraving are fortunately treasured by those who have obtained their ink treasures at home and abroad.
Chen Xintao
Chen Xintao, a native of Caoyang Village, Songji Township, was born on March 19, 1904, the 30th year of Guangxu. In the 14th year of the Republic of China (1925), he graduated from the Department of Biology of Fujian Union University, and was immediately employed by Lingnan University in Guangzhou, and in the 17th year of the Republic of China, he was selected to study in the United States, and studied parasitology at the University of Minnesota for 1 year, and obtained a master's degree in parasitology. In the 18th year of the Republic of China, he transferred to Harvard University Medical School for further study, and obtained a doctorate in comparative pathology in the 20th year of the Republic of China. In July of the same year, he returned to China and became a professor of parasitology and bacteriology, the head of the Department of Biology and the director of the Institute of Science at Lingnan University School of Medicine. At that time, he conducted experimental ecological research on the co-breeding of trematodes and alien trematodes in the helminth fauna in South China, and found a number of new species of parasites, among which Guangzhou tube-ringworm was not recognized as a worldwide pathogen of eosinophilic nucleocytosis meningitis until the 1960s. In the 22nd year of the Republic of China, he published a paper on the cultivation of flukes based on the new species of lung flukes discovered, which attracted the attention of international peers. In the 24th year of the Republic of China, in order to explore the reasons why Japanese schistosomiasis and ginger flakes in Taiwan Province cannot parasitize humans, as well as the relationship between lung flukes in the region and lung flukes in the mainland, he went to the epidemic areas in Taiwan for observation and investigation.
In the 28th year of the Republic of China, the Japanese army invaded Guangzhou, Lingnan University was forced to relocate several times, and Xintao was transferred to the office until it was discontinued, and he was transferred to the professor and director of the Health Laboratory of The Zhongzheng Medical College in Jiangxi Province. During the years of war, he never gave up his scientific research work. In 29 years of the Republic of China, he published the earliest authoritative monograph on parasitology in China, "Yile Village Co-breeding Fluke Fluke", which used sufficient data to illustrate the reliability of a newly discovered lung fluke, breaking the international trend at that time to think that lung flukes only had a single species of Whiskers and breeding flukes, prompting many new varieties to be discovered one after another. The morphological and experimental ecology features proposed in this monograph are still cited as exemplary today. In the second half of the 35th year of the Republic of China, the Medical School of Lingnan University was resumed, and Xintao was reinstated as the director, professor and acting dean of the parasitology department of the university. In the 37th year of the Republic of China, he went to the United States again, and successively studied in the Borovillo Worm Research Laboratory in Washington, D.C., Harvard Medical School, and the University of Chicago, and completed research on worm immunity.
In October 1949, xintao learned of the founding of the People's Republic of China and decided to return to China to serve, so he refused the persuasion of relatives and friends and the high-paying employment of a University in the United States. When he passed through Hong Kong, he was in the midst of the prevalence of gossip in Hong Kong and Macao, and a scientific research institution in Hong Kong hired him with more generous treatment than that of the United States. He said resolutely: "Money is like a floating cloud to me, as a Chinese, my career must take root in my own motherland." "I returned to the medical school of Lingnan University in Guangzhou without hesitation and devoted myself to the medical cause of the motherland."
In the summer of 1950, Xintao learned that there had been a long-term "big belly disease" in Sihui and Sanshui counties in Guangdong, which seriously threatened people's health and agricultural production. Entrusted by the provincial people's government, he overcame the difficulties of unstable public security and inconvenient transportation at that time, and led the epidemic prevention personnel to investigate in the epidemic area. After several hardships, the snails were finally detected for the first time in Liupo Caotang, and through animal infection tests, adult Schistosomiasis of Japan was obtained, and after repeated fecal examinations of suspicious patients, it was confirmed that the "big belly disease" prevalent in Liupotang, Guangdong Province, was the Japanese schistosomiasis that has long been prevalent in the south of the Yangtze River in China, which endangers the health of the people. He then went deep into various regions of Guangdong to conduct on-site investigations, conducted a large number of scientific research work on the ecology, human protection, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and other aspects of the intermediate host snails of schistosomiasis, and found out the basic situation of schistosomiasis epidemic in Guangdong Province, accumulating rich scientific data. On this basis, he put forward a proposition that suits China's national conditions: In connection with the construction of water conservancy projects, reclamation and reclamation, the breeding environment of snails should be completely changed, and the eradication of schistosomiasis should be closely integrated with the development of agricultural production. According to Xintao's suggestions, Sihui County strengthened more than 20 kilometers of Beijiang embankment, filled in hundreds of old river ditches that breed snails, opened more than 300 channels with a total length of 150 kilometers, eradicated the "poisonous river", completely changed and eliminated the ecological environment of snails, and reclaimed more than 100,000 acres of fertile land. These methods are not only effective in Guangdong Province, making Guangdong Province the first batch of provinces in China to achieve basic elimination of schistosomiasis, but also widely used in other parts of the country, making significant contributions to the prevention and control of schistosomiasis in China, and being highly valued and evaluated by the CPC Central Committee and the people. In 1958, Xintao joined the Communist Party of China. At the same time, a large number of studies have been continued on lung flukes, and many new species have been discovered, especially the discovery of Schistococcus stenii in 1959, which has been confirmed to be the pathogen of a type of lung fluke disease that is widely prevalent in China. In addition, the investigation and study of Trecosomiasis, filariasis, scrub disease vectors, Japanese encephalitis vectors, etc., which endanger people's health, were investigated and studied. He also adhered to the path of integrating traditional Chinese and Western medicine, actively carried out research on Chinese herbal medicine, and proposed simple and effective methods for the prevention and treatment of schistosomiasis.
Xintao has also trained a large number of graduate students, trainees, professional cadres and foreign students. On behalf of China's scientific and technological circles, he has visited Korea, Japan, the Soviet Union, the United Arab Emirates and other countries for academic exchanges, and has been respected and praised by the parasitology community abroad.
During the Cultural Revolution, Xintao was branded a "reactionary academic authority" and was deeply persecuted. But he was firm in his convictions, still insisted on scientific research, collated scientific research materials, when his book "Medical Parasitology" was published, the publishing house sent more than 4,000 yuan in manuscript fees, he said: "I wrote this book is my own work, or give it to the organization as a party fee." Xintao suffered from malignant lymphoma in his later years, but still gladly accepted the task of compiling the "Chinese Zoology" issued by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, personally presided over the compilation of the "Chinese Fluke Chronicle", organized more than 30 units across the country to cooperate, and often worked day and night to bring the disease to work. After smashing the Jiang Qing counter-revolutionary clique, during the hospitalization, he insisted on completing academic paper writing with tenacious perseverance and helped review more than 10 scientific papers sent by various units in China. The day before his death, he also cared about the convening of the National Science Congress, and repeatedly advised and encouraged colleagues in the teaching and research group to work hard to complete their tasks and march toward science. On October 29, 1977, Xintao died at the age of 74 due to the deterioration of his condition and ineffective medical treatment.
In his lifetime, Xintao published more than 130 papers and books in domestic and foreign journals, the main works are "Yile Village and Breeding Fluke", "Medical Parasitology", "Chinese Zoology and Flukes". Among them, "Medical Parasitology" was awarded the first prize for scientific research works of the National Science Congress in 1978.
Before his death, Xintao served as a member of the Committee of the Cpc Guangzhou Sun Yat-sen Medical University, the director and professor of the Department of Parasitology, the director of the Guangdong Institute of Schistosomiasis Prevention and Control, the director of the Institute of Tropical Diseases, and a member of the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China. Deputies to the Third and Fourth National People's Congresses have attended the Supreme State Council and the National Conference of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and have been received three times by Chairman Mao Zedong and premier Zhou Enlai and other central leaders.
In order to commemorate Chen Xintao's contribution to the cause of science before his death, Guangzhou Sun Yat-sen Medical University held a solemn memorial service, attended by leaders of the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee, the government, the Higher Education Commission and well-known people from all walks of life, the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Education sent wreaths, and commemorative articles were published in Guangzhou Daily, Nanfang Daily, and American parasitological journals.
In October 1987, when commemorating the 10th anniversary of Chen Xintao's death, his wife Zheng Huizhen donated 4,699 books, works and 20,315 card experimental photos that Xintao had treasured during his lifetime to Guangzhou Sun Yat-sen Medical University. In December 1990, the government of Sanshui County, Guangdong Province, established a monument and statue in Liuhe Town, where Chen Xintao had worked and lived for many years, to express the memory of Chen Xintao by the people of Sanshui County.
Huang Xiaomin
Huang Xiaomin, formerly known as Huang Xiaomin, alias Huang Xiaoming, character Jingqian, Guangxu thirty-three years (1907) in November 1907 was born in Dacai Village, Pinghu Town. As a teenager, he attended Pinghu Public Primary School and Gutian Super Ancient School. In the 13th year of the Republic of China (1924), he was admitted to the middle school of Fujian University. During his time at school, he read progressive books and periodicals such as "Language Silk" and "Creation" and enthusiastically participated in the anti-imperialist movement. In the 15th year of the Republic of China, he joined the Communist Party of China.
In March 16, Xiao Min and Chen Bing were sent back to Gutian by the Fuzhou Prefectural Committee of the Communist Party of China to develop the party organization. They set up the Gutian Special Branch of the Communist Party of China in Wubao Street in the old city, with Chen Bing as secretary and Xiao Min as the organizing committee member, and 46 party members were recruited. In December, the Fuzhou Executive Committee of the Communist Party of China was established, and Xiao Min was elected as a member. The following year, he returned to Gutian again to guide the agricultural movement. Together with members of the special branch, he set up peasant associations in 19 villages, including Pinghu, opened peasant night schools, recruited 400 to 500 members, and carried out anti-donation and anti-tax struggles to crack down on local tycoons and inferior gentry. For this reason, the Kuomintang Gutian authorities ordered him to be wanted, and he sneaked to Fuzhou. Soon, the Fuzhou Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China assigned him to be in charge of the work of the Municipal Industrial Masonics. In May, in order to commemorate the "May 9th" National Day of National Shame, he organized some members of the Anti-Imperialist Grand Alliance and people from all walks of life to demonstrate their anti-imperialist determination by chanting slogans such as "Down with Japanese imperialism" and smashing the glass of the Japanese consulate. In January 20, the Republic of China was reappointed as the propaganda director of the Fuzhou Municipal Party Committee, focusing on guiding the work of the student movement and the labor movement. In the actual struggle, he inspected the activists of the student movement, trained them to join the party and league organizations, and established party and league branches in schools to occupy the campus position. For the work of the labor movement, he is even more practical. He opened a civilian night school to preach revolutionary doctrine to workers and apprentices. In order to facilitate the leadership of the labor movement, he disregarded his infirmity and anemia, became a peddler on his shoulder, went deep into factories, mines, and construction sites to contact workers extensively, and guided them to carry out strikes and economic struggles. In April, he also cooperated with Deng Zihui, an inspector of the Fuzhou Central Municipal Party Committee, to go to Lianjiang to guide the peasants in the struggle to reduce rents and resist debts, forcing landlords to agree to pay 20% less rent for each tenant farmer.
In January 21 of the Republic of China, under the presidency of Tao Zhu, the Fuzhou Central Municipal Party Committee decided to guide the peasants to establish an armed force of workers and peasants and carry out guerrilla warfare. In November, Xiao Min was transferred to the political commissar of the 13 detachments of the Red Army guerrilla detachment of the workers and peasants in eastern Fujian, leading the opening up of the guerrilla base area in the Changlong Mountains. He led the detachment to capture the town of Lianjiang Dongdai in one fell swoop and destroyed 1 platoon of the enemy Marines. The enemy advanced, and he avoided the enemy's main force to raid the town of Danyang, the main traffic route of Lianluo. In December, the Fuzhou Central Municipal Party Committee instructed the opening of the Lianluo base area, and Xiao Min led a detachment to annihilate the Feizhu and Yangshan militia groups, extending the guerrilla base area to more than 20 natural villages in Luoyuan County. In February 22 of the Republic of China, he and Chen Maochang presided over the establishment of the Lianluo Revolutionary Committee in the Shanmian District and erected the first banner of the Red Regime in the Lianluo Area. The local local tycoons and inferior gentry were both afraid and hated Xiaomin, and the horse-nosed landlord offered a reward of 2,000 oceans to buy his first rank, but he was not only not afraid, but also led troops to attack the "Lianmin Regiment" and captured its regimental commander.
In April 23, the Fuzhou Central Municipal Committee was seriously damaged by the enemy, Xiao Min and Liu Tujun moved to Fuqing, and in August, the Fuqing Central County Committee of the Communist Party of China was established, and he was appointed secretary. In September, the Fuqing Guerrilla Brigade was formed, and he also served as the political commissar. At the same time, he also managed to communicate with the CENTRAL COUNTY COMMITTEE OF LIANJIANG. At the beginning of the 24th year of the Republic of China, the Jiangsu District fell, and the Southwest Regiment of the Red Army, under the leadership of Wei Geng and Yang Caiheng, broke through the siege and joined the Fuqing guerrilla brigade through the sea liaison line to jointly open up the guerrilla base area in Luohanli. In May, the Fuqing and Putian Central County Committees of the CPC jointly established the CPC Fujian Central Special Committee, with Xiao Min as the organizing committee member. In June, the Fuqing guerrilla brigade was reorganized into a guerrilla detachment in central Fujian, and Xiao Min still served as the political commissar. He immediately deployed this detachment to annihilate the remnants of Wu Shoushi, Huang Ada's bandits, and Liu Chunshui's bandits, cut off the Yidu militia group and the enemy's joint protection office, and remove the threat of local reactionary forces to the Luohanli base area. The detachment grew to more than 700 people during the struggle, and the guerrilla area gradually expanded to Minhou County.
In February 25, the central Fujian guerrilla detachment intercepted the enemy's car at Xiangsiling at the junction of Fuqing and Minhou, captured 8 people, including Han Jiangshi, vice premier of the provincial bank, and seized 2 million yuan in banknotes and some gold and silver dollars. The Kuomintang Fujian provincial authorities dispatched more than 3,000 troops to "encircle and suppress" the Luohanli base area. The enemy was strong and we were weak, but Xiao Min commanded Ruo Ding, divided his troops into six ways to break through, and successively went to the Changtai base area to carry out armed struggle.
In February 26, the Minzhong Special Committee held a meeting in Hongdu, Wutang, Putian, and because of the betrayal of traitors, the secretary of the special committee, Wang Yujie and Xiao Min, the secretary of the special committee, were arrested. In prison, they endured severe torture and remained unyielding. On June 23, the enemy escorted them to the Jijiao Lane execution ground outside the West Gate of Fuzhou. On the way, they sang the Internationale, chanted revolutionary slogans, and regarded death as a homecoming. Xiao Min was brave and righteous, and he was only 30 years old.
Source: Gutian County People's Government
ND1905