Earnestly grasp the monitoring of diseases and insect pests at the early rice ear stage

At present, the early rice in the whole region has gradually entered the panicle stage, and the climatic conditions of high temperature and high humidity are very suitable for the occurrence and epidemic of rice diseases and insects. Therefore, local plant protection departments should earnestly do a good job in monitoring the main diseases and insect pests in the rice ear stage to ensure the safety of early rice production.

First, the occurrence of the overview

(1) Rice planthoppers  

Lamp monitoring Since the middle of May, the amount of insects under the lamp has been significantly lower than that of the previous year and the whole year. From May 16 to 31, the total number of single lamp insects in the whole district was 1720.5 heads, which was 79.7% and 76.2% less than that of the previous year and the perennial year, respectively; the proportion of brown planthoppers was 19.2%, 15.1% last year, and 11.9% per year. In late May, there was a sudden increase under the lights, and the main descending area was in most of guixi and part of northeast Guizhou. Statistics show that the total number of insects induced under the lights in 50 counties (cities, districts) such as Tian'e from May 21 to 25 was 39,024 heads, a decrease of 60.1% over the previous year; the proportion of brown planthoppers was 10.4%, compared with 16.8% in the previous year; among them, Tian'e County had a total of 12,068 insects in 5 days, accounting for 30.9% of the total attractants, a decrease of 43.9% over the previous year.

Field dynamics At present, rice planthoppers occur in the whole region, and the degree of occurrence is medium to light and locally moderate to heavy. From mid-May to early late May, the amount of insects in the field surged, and the overall incidence was heavier than that of the previous year. According to the statistics of Tianyang and other 21 counties (cities, districts) from May 16 to 25, the average number of 100 bush insects was 1014.4 heads, an increase of 20.7% over the previous year. Field census: the number of insects in the hundred bushes is generally 126 to 972 heads, the height is 1047 to 1910 heads, and the local field blocks are as high as 2100 to 4450 heads; the individual fields in guangxi and southeast Guizhou are as high as 10000 to 24350 heads, and the phenomenon of "impervious penetration" appears in individual fields in southeast Guizhou.

(2) Rice longitudinal curly leaf borer

The overall incidence of rice longitudinal leaf borer is medium to light local, slightly milder than the previous year. At the end of May, a small moth suddenly increased in Guibei and Guizhong, and the amount of moths per mu was generally 350 to 1500 heads, the height was 2500 to 4800 heads, and the individual fields in northern Guizhou were as high as 5800 to 8700 heads. The amount of moths in other rice areas is generally 75 to 800 heads, and the height is 1200 to 1800 heads. The amount of larvae in the local rice areas of Guinan, Central Guizhou and Northwest Guizhou is relatively high, and the amount of 100 bush insects is generally 7 to 41, the number of high 61 to 120 heads, and the individual fields in Guinan and Guizhong are as high as 438 to 600 heads. In other rice areas, the number of insects in the hundred bushes is generally 2 to 47, and the height is 62 to 85.

(3) Rice borer

Overall, the incidence was lighter than in the same period last year. The incidence of the three borers is mild and locally mild. The incidence of dimorphic borer is mild and moderate, and the main occurrence areas are guibei and guizhong rice areas. There are generally 267 to 1000 larvae per mu, 3750 to 6380 heads high, and up to 11000 to 24800 heads in local fields in northern Guizhou. The dry heart rate is generally 0.2% to 7.2%, the high is 19.6% to 40.8%, and the local field in northern Guizhou is as high as 50% to 80%.

(4) Rice blight  

The overall incidence was moderate and moderate, and the incidence was slightly heavier than that of the same period last year. The disease cluster rate is generally 1.8% to 23.3%, the high rate is 34.6% to 60%, and the local area of southeast Guidong is as high as 75% to 100%. The rate of diseased strains is generally 1.2%-20.6%, 30.6%-49.5% high, and 69.2%-82.3% in southeast Guizhou. The disease index is generally 0.1 to 9.1, the high is 10.8 to 13.9, and the local high is 21.7 to 28.6 in southeast Guizhou.

(5) Rice blast

The overall degree of occurrence is mild and moderate, slightly milder than that of the previous year. The diseased leaf rate is generally 0.02%-9%, 12.5%-23.6% high, and up to 40.6%-65% in local fields in southeastern, central and northeastern Guizhou. The disease index is generally 0.1 to 3.7, the high is 5.2 to 7, and the local field blocks in southeast guizhou and guizhong are as high as 10.9 to 15.5.

In addition, the monitoring of bacterial diseases, viral diseases, red blight, Taiwan rice borer, large borer, rice leaf water fly, rice elephant beetle, rice stalk diving fly, Fushou snail, rat infestation and other harmful organisms can not be ignored.

Second, the occurrence trend of major diseases and insects at the early rice panicle stage

Rice planthoppers in the early rice ear stage will occur more heavily in local rice areas, and some rice areas in the middle rice areas of northeast Guizhou, southeast Guizhou, and northwest Guizhou will be seriously affected; rice longitudinal leaf borer will occur more heavily in local rice areas in southern Guizhou and northwestErn Guizhou; rice borers will occur more heavily in local rice areas in northeast Guizhou, central Guizhou and southeast Guizhou; rice blast disease will occur slightly more heavily in mountainous areas with more disease-susceptible varieties, historical occurrence, and rice in rice areas such as middle rice; and rice blight will reach a large extent in local rice areas in southeastern Guizhou.

III. Opinions on Prevention and Control

(1) Attach great importance to and continue to do a good job in monitoring the work Of plant protection technicians in all localities should go deep into the field to investigate in accordance with the requirements of the "Circular of the Office of the Agriculture and Rural Affairs Department of the Autonomous Region on Doing a Good Job in the Prevention and Control of Diseases and Insect Pests in the Middle and Late Stages of Early Rice and the Night Moth in summer corn meadows", adhere to the work system of "daily investigation, five-day reporting, and real-time reporting of major diseases and insect disasters", and timely grasp the occurrence of major diseases and insects such as rice planthoppers, rice longitudinal leaf borers, and grassland night moths, accurately release information on diseases and insects, and guide farmers in scientific prevention and control.

(2) Adapt measures to local conditions, do a good job in prevention and control guidance Work When there is a sudden epidemic of diseases and insect pests, it is necessary to report in a timely manner, actively strive for the attention and support of local governments and competent agricultural departments, and assist the government to extensively mobilize the masses and do a good job in emergency prevention and control work. Emergency prevention and control should promote the use of safe, efficient, economical, and corresponding pesticides, and prohibit the use of highly toxic, highly toxic, and highly residual pesticides.

(III) Clarify the Main Targets of Attack and Prevent and Control in a Timely Manner With the prevention and control of rice planthoppers, rice blast diseases, rice blight, and rice aspergillosis as the main targets of attack, we should also treat rice longitudinal leaf borers, rice drill heartworms, rice aphids, and bacterial diseases of rice, carry out prevention and control of standards and emergency prevention and control in a timely manner, vigorously promote unified prevention and control, and joint prevention and control, especially to implement measures for the deployment of grassland night moths to curb the outbreak of diseases and insects.

(Source: Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Plant Protection Station)