Under neutral conditions, chlorine gas is soluble in water to produce hypochlorous acid (HClO), and the solution shows acidity; under alkaline conditions, chlorine gas is soluble in water to produce hypochlorite ions (ClO-).
The surface of the cell membrane is negatively charged, so hypochlorite (ClO-, also negatively charged) cannot easily enter the inside of the cell, while hypochlorous acid (HClO) is a small neutral molecule that can penetrate the cell membrane, enter the cell, and react with its internal DNA and mitochondria, causing it to die. This explains, to some extent, why hypochlorous acid (HClO) has a better bactericidal capacity than sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) in the case of the same available chlorine.
The oxidation force of hypochlorous acid, like a machine gun with a bullet already loaded, is fired randomly at any time, and soon the bullet is gone. In order to overcome the problem that hypochlorous acid is easy to degrade, the earliest development of hypochlorite as a disinfectant water, the representative work is bleach, which has become one of the important disinfectants on the market, but the alkalinity of bleach acid is often between pH11 and 12, alkaline is too large easy to hurt the skin, and the residue is very high, less suitable for use in the disinfection of ingredients. Later, due to the improvement of electrolysis technology, the use of electrolysis of hypochlorous acid can be realized in the practice of ready-made use, which solves the biggest weakness of hypochlorous acid ~ easy degradation, so the development of weak acid hypochlorous acid water. Although the concentration of hypochlorous acid is much lower than that of hypochlorite, the problem of its degradation rate is still too fast, even if the container is closed and blocked, the total free chlorine content of often a month is reduced by more than half.
Slightly acidic hypochlorous acid is the best way to solve the easy degradation of hypochlorous acid, to a closed light-blocking container, often six months of its total free chlorine content is degraded by half, the most important thing is that the concentration of disinfection is not much higher than other acidic hypochlorous acid solutions. This is because we hide the hypochlorous acid that is easily degraded, so that he will not immediately have a redox reaction, and when the pathogen consumes the hypochlorous acid, we convert the hypochlorite to hypochlorous acid, so that the cycle can maintain a good disinfection effect and preservation effect at the same time.
Hydrophilic viruses mainly include hepatitis A, hand-foot-and-mouth disease, polio and other pathogens;
Lipophilic viruses mainly include pathogens such as hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus (AIDS); (Note: The pathogen of AIDS is Hiv)
