For Wang Mou in Jixi City, Heilongjiang Province, 2020 is the saddest year in his life. In the past 1 year, Wang's family of 9 people was put down by the homemade sour soup frozen for 1 year during the dinner, of which 7 people died in Huangquan, and 2 people were rescued in the hospital, and their lives and deaths were uncertain. After testing, the culprit was aflatoxin in the sour soup.
wow! aflatoxin? What the hell is this?
1. What is the toxicity of Aspergillus aflex?
In 1960, aflatoxin contaminated peanut flour and killed more than 100,000 baby turkeys in britain. This "glorious history" reveals how toxic aflatoxin is.
Since then, there have been more and more in-depth studies on aflatoxin, so let's get to know this famous executioner together. In nature, small microorganisms such as mold, bacteria, and viruses are widespread. Among them, some of the toxic chemicals produced by some molds during growth and reproduction, such as the protagonist of this article, aflatoxin.
Aflatoxin is a class of structurally acquainted chemicals. Among them, aflatoxin B1 and aflatoxin M1 occupy the top two places in the toxicity ranking.
Aflatoxin is not afraid of heat and is almost insoluble in water; but it is easily destroyed in alkaline environments, forming water-soluble compounds.
Aflatoxin footprint throughout China, easily contaminating peanuts and corn, but also sweet potatoes, rice, dairy products, raisins and soybean flour.
The sour soup that caused poisoning in this tragedy is a coarse noodle-like staple food made after fermentation with corn water mill.
corn! corn! corn!
2. What are the toxicities of aflatoxin?
1. Acute toxicity: Aflatoxin is a highly toxic substance. Ducklings and salmon are most sensitive to aflatoxin B1, followed by mice and other animals. Half of the lethal doses of oral infection in male rats at 21 days were 5.5 mg/kg, compared with 15 mg/kg for arsenic.
Aflatoxin is more toxic than arsenic!!!
Half of the lethal dose is a common indicator of acute toxicity of a chemical in toxicology, which is the dose or concentration required for the chemical to cause death in half of the subjects. Smaller values indicate greater acute toxicity.
2. Chronic toxicity: aflatoxin causes animal weight loss, growth retardation, infertility of female animals or reduced littering.
3. Carcinogenicity: Aflatoxin is the strongest chemical carcinogen found so far, which can cause liver cancer.
Third, how do we deal with aflatoxin in our daily lives?
Wrong method:
1, heating: aflatoxin is heat-resistant, so heating is useless to it.
2, water washing: aflatoxin is almost insoluble in water, water washing is also white.
3, refrigeration: aflatoxin is not afraid of cold, low temperature is old.
The right way to do it:
1, food mold prevention: this is the preferred method, such as corn to be dried in time, food should pay attention to low temperature preservation, especially to maintain ventilation.
2, discard mold: moldy corn and peanut rice grains do not pity, directly discarded. It should not be given to babies in particular, because young animals are particularly sensitive to aflatoxin.
3, remove toxins: this is a last resort method, such as picking out moldy, discolored, insect moth rice, corn and peanut rice grains, using the milling processing method to reduce the toxins in the rice grains, using alkali detoxification to remove the toxins in peanut oil, corn oil, and using activated carbon adsorption to remove toxins in vegetable oil.
After reading this article, do you know how to prevent and control aflatoxin? As the saying goes, illness comes from the mouth, pay attention to the bits and pieces of daily life, and do and cherish!