The Beijing Botanical Garden of the Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences is known as "Nanzhi" because it is located on the south side of the Beijing Botanical Garden. Compared with the bustle of the north plant, the south plant is more quiet and pleasant. Whether you are a plant lover or not, you can find a place to stop and watch and harvest something when you come to Nanzhi.
Science.
Into Nanzhi (II)
Although the greenhouse of the south plant is not as luxurious as the north plant greenhouse Wansheng Garden, although the sparrow is small and complete, each plant has a nameplate, especially the succulent plant area, each plant is a small tree arranged on the substrate platform, so that the audience has a sweeping view, quite a plant laboratory feeling.
There are many kinds of rare plants in the south plant, some plants are not rare plants, but they are rarely known, today let's introduce several such plants.
Orange mulberry
Maclura pomifera is a small deciduous tree in the genus Sankosang. Orange mulberry just listen to the name and think it must be delicious, but there is no orange in the plant world to eat mulberry delicious orange mulberry must be delicious. The orange mulberry fruit resembles a large mulberry and has a hint of orange flavor, so it is called orange mulberry, but the fruit of orange mulberry cannot be eaten. Although the fleshy fruit of orange mulberry will emit a fragrance similar to orange, its appearance makes people look like there is no appetite, and the fruit is somewhat bitter, even if it is not very toxic, if it is not eaten carefully, it will cause vomiting, so it is not suitable for human consumption, mosquitoes do not like it, and it is a good choice to drive away mosquitoes. In fact, orange mulberry has many other names, such as garnet orange, horse apple, bow wood, O'Sage orange, etc., because the appearance of the fruit resembles the shape of the brain, and is also commonly known as the monkey brain fruit.
The bark of the orange mulberry tree is deeply longitudinally lobed and has thorns. Hermaphroditic, the male flowers are conical inflorescences, and the female flowers are oblate spherical-headed. The fruit is a polymeric lean fruit, spherical, with a rough and uneven skin and a white viscous sap in the flesh. The fruit is green when immature and turns bright yellow-green in autumn with a faint orange scent.
Orange mulberry is native to the central United States, including southwestern Arkansas, southeastern Oklahoma, a panhandle in eastern Texas, and the northwest corner of Louisiana. Although it is not native to China, it can be well adapted to the local environment by introducing it to the southern part of North China and Northeast China. This kind of fast-growing, hardy, woody tough, can be used for vehicles, sleepers, rudders, etc., with multiple spines, suitable for hedges.
Misty
Tilia mongolica is a deciduous tree in the genus Linden in the family Lindenaceae. The bark is pale grey with irregular flakes of shedding; the leaves are broadly ovate or round, often 3 lobes, the base is slightly heart-shaped or obliquely truncated, the edges are coarsely serrated, and the tooth tips are prominent; the polyglobules, the florets are pale yellow, and the flowering period is June; the bracts are narrow and oblong, the upper and lower ends are blunt, and the lower half is combined with the inflorescence stalk, which is also the most obvious feature that distinguishes the linden from other tree species; the fruit is inverted ovate, hairy, and ridged.
It is found in Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Henan, Shanxi and western Liaoning, China. It is common in deciduous broad-leaved mixed forests in the mountainous regions of northern China. It is light-loving and also quite shade-tolerant; it is hardy, prefers cold, cool and humid climates and thick and moist soils, and grows well on slightly acidic, neutral and calcareous soils, but grows poorly on dry, salinized or swampy soils. It is suitable for growth in ravines, hillsides or plains.
The yellow flowers in early summer are exquisite and lovely, and the lower part of the bracts is combined with the inflorescence handle, like a flat leaf boat, quite distinctive, and the bright green autumn leaves are also very attractive, which should be planted in the garden for viewing. In recent years, in the urban forest construction projects in Beijing, the appearance rate of indigenous tree species has been continuously improved. In addition, linden is also a honey source plant, the leaves are a good feed, the fruit can be pressed oil, the flower can be used medicinally, calming, antipyretic, nourishing, dispelling wind and blood.
Incense tree
Cercidiphyllum japonicum is a deciduous tree of the genus Liancilian in the family Lianciaceae. The incense tree planted in the south is located in the area of rare and endangered plants, which shows its preciousness. Lianxiang tree is a relict monophyle of tertiary paleotropical plants, is an ancient and primitive woody plant, hermaphroditic, less fruity, natural renewal difficulties, scarce resources, has been endangered, so it has been included in the "List of Rare and Endangered Plants in China", "Red Book of Chinese Plants" and the first batch of "List of Wild Plants under National Key Protection", is a national second-level key protected wild plant species.
The tree is single-leafed, broadly oval, palmate veined, heart-shaped at the base, and fine blunt teeth at the margin. The flowers are unisexual heterogeneous, indumentum, clustered leaf axillary. Aggregates the fruit; the seeds are small but winged.
The incense tree is produced in the mountains of central China and Japan, and is an ancient relict tree species. Light-loving, semi-shade tolerant; deep-rooted, wind-resistant, moisture-tolerant, slow growth. It prefers a warm and cool climate and moist and fertile slightly acidic soil, suitable for forest growth, and has strong tillering. The tree is elegant, the young leaves are purple-red in early spring, the leaves are emerald green in summer, and the leaves gradually turn yellow after autumn, to orange-red or purple-red, which is a beautiful mountain forest landscape tree and shade and ornamental tree species. Nowadays, as a high-quality color-enhancing and greening native tree species, Lianxiang tree has begun to be applied to Beijing urban forest construction projects, and the figure of Lianxiang tree can be seen in the urban forest demonstration area of Lianhuachi Park.
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Popular science | Into Nanzhi (1)
Author, Photo: Chen Yufeng
Editor, Proofreader: Wei Yao