May 13 each year marks the anniversary of the near-fatal accident of Neil Armstrong's moonrise. Without this dangerous situation, there would be no "one small step for a man, a big step for mankind."
Illustration: Aldrin's shoe prints on the moon. This is part of an experiment to test the regolith on the lunar surface.
On July 20, 1969, humans landed on the moon for the first time, making history.
Illustration: On July 20, 1969, astronauts landed on the moon aboard Apollo 11, performing the first human mission beyond The Earth. A year ago, however, Neil Armstrong, who was holding a camera, was nearly killed in a test flight. (Source: NASA/Apollo 11)
With his "One Big Step for Humanity," Neil Armstrong fulfilled one of the greatest dreams ever dreamed by humanity.
After Neil Armstrong landed on the lunar surface, we learned a lot about the origin of Earth's only natural satellite through the lunar surface.
But Armstrong nearly failed to land on the moon and survived an accident the year before.
Illustration: In august 1969, in the United States, Neil Armstrong carries a birthday cake to celebrate the first birthday of humanity walking on the surface of another planet.
However, the soft landing of the lunar vehicle on the moon, with no horizontal motion, only slight vertical motion, is a huge problem facing NASA.
By 1965, NASA scientists had determined the best orbit to safely land on the moon. Only by clarifying the orbit can the construction of the Lunar Landing Research Vehicle (LLRV) simulate such a trajectory on Earth. However, there was no computer-guided and high-resolution electronic map of the lunar landing site at this time. (NASA History Division/g.j. Maranga,)
Today, using data from NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) and Narrow Angle Camera (LROC), we can build a three-dimensional model of the lunar surface as well as simulate any possible landing sites during a mission. But in 1960 with the technology and databases of that era, this was impossible. The final lunar module had to require the pilot to manually operate the landing.
From the command/service module, Apollo 9 pilot David Scott photographed the configuration of the lunar module during its landing. The lunar surface probe can be seen extending from the end of the landing gear foot pad. Pre-testing of the Lunar Landing Research Vehicle (LLRV) was designed to simulate the experience of the Apollo lunar module on the moon, and eventually Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin served as the pilots of the Apollo 11 lunar module. (NASA/David Scott) On May 6, 1968, Armstrong was training on the lunar landing research vehicle 1 when an accident occurred.
The Lunar Research Vehicle (LLRV) was one of the most important tools for the training of Apollo astronauts. This is their best chance of simulating an actual landing on the lunar surface. (NASA Historical Division) When Armstrong flew the 22nd LLRV test, he lost control.
The gravity of the Earth's surface is 6 times that of the Moon, which means that simulating a landing on the Moon requires the design of a special vehicle.
The Lunar Landing Research Vehicle (LLRV) has a special engine equipped with a balance frame that can effectively maintain gravity close to the Moon, enabling pilots to tilt the vehicle and test its responsiveness under conditions that simulate a lunar landing. (NASA History Division/G.J. MATRANGA, C.W.OTTINGER, C.R. JARVIS) The backup attitude thruster was supposed to be used when necessary, but it did not respond.
Illustration: This photo shows the Lunar Landing Research Vehicle II (LLRV-2) being transferred from armstrong flight research center to Edwards Air Force Base and is on display at the Air Force Test Flight Museum. It's almost identical to the 1968 research car that nearly killed Neil Armstrong. （NASA）
Without an obvious warning from the plane, Armstrong decided to skydive 200 feet above the ground.
On May 6, 1968, When Neil Armstrong piloted the lunar landing research vehicle I, he lost the ability to ensure the direction of the vehicle. Using his decision-making power, he ejected from the aircraft, and four seconds later, the aircraft hit the ground and burned up less than a second after the impact.
Immediately after the accident, Armstrong returned to his desk to continue his normal work. The lunar module successfully made its first on-orbit test flight during Apollo 9, where you can see the landing gear, demonstrating its potential to land on the moon. The return engine has not started yet. The mission took place in February 1969, nine months after Armstrong's crash, four months after the problem that caused him to crash was resolved, engineers corrected the problem and resumed landing testing in October of that year.
This was Apollo 11 astronaut Buzz Aldrin Michael Collins Neil Armstrong's last official appearance. Had it not been for his calm actions that survived a disastrous test flight in 1968, Neil Armstrong would never have been the first to land on the moon.
This is the first photograph of Neil Armstrong safely returning to the lunar module after taking a historic first step on the lunar surface (NASA/Apollo 11/Aldrin).
<h1>Resources</h1>
1. WJ Encyclopedia
2. Astronomical terms
3. medium
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