So-called: jade is not a tool, it is conceivable that the carving of jadeite is an important factor in measuring the value of jadeite. Many times, species, water and color are immutable factors of jadeite, but good carvers can "turn ordinary quality jadeite into magic" and "add icing on the cake" to high-quality jadeite.
First of all, Jian Bao first introduced the three forms of jadeite jade carving for Baoyou.
1. Round carving
Round carving, also known as three-dimensional carving, uses this carving technique to carve the jade piece, the viewer can appreciate all sides of the jade piece from different angles.
2. Relief
Relief is on the flat jadeite surface, using the undulations of concave and convex surfaces to express the three-dimensional sense and sense of space of the pattern. It is roughly divided into bas-relief, medium relief and high relief, the gap between these three kinds is easier to understand, that is, to see the size of the undulating surface of the pattern, the small undulating is realized into a bas-relief, and the other two are in turn.
3. Through-carving
See-through carving, also known as hollowing, hollows out the part that does not have an expression according to the design of the pattern, leaving the part that can express the object. Once the transparent carving part is wrong, it will not be repaired, so from the selection of stone materials, the layout of the work, the tool equipment to the carving procedure, it is necessary to pay attention to it to prevent breaking during the carving process.
Of course, jadeite carvers are also divided into genres, mainly the following four major genres
1. Jieyang Workers
Jieyang Gong in the industry can enjoy the reputation of "the world's jade, Jieyang Gong", and Jieyang Gong is characterized by a word "fine", so where is his essence?
(1) Proficiency in "strictness"
The requirements of the Jieyang construction method are quite strict, such as doing The Buddha, no matter how good the material head is, you must dig in the back to adjust the water. Jieyang workers are rigorous and highly unified in details, so that the jadeite processed by Jieyang can be recognized at a glance.
(2) Be good at "fine"
"Food is not tired of fine and delicate", not only used to describe cooking, but also used to describe Jieyang workers. Even if it is a small thing, Jieyang people will not tire of carving teeth one by one, carving hair after hair, and grinding beads of water.
(3) Proficiency in "to"
Jieyang workers will never sacrifice parts for the sake of the whole. If there is a defect in the large piece, it is changed to a small piece; if the small piece is also flawed, then it is changed to egg noodles. In short, Jieyang Gong's attitude of close to zero tolerance for flaws has created the golden sign of Jieyang Gong.
Of course, nothing can be perfect, and the Yang Workers also have deficiencies. The shortcomings of Jieyang Gong are also in line with its characteristics.
It is like a standard operating procedure-like processing specification, although the Jieyang processing industry as a whole is maintained at a very high level, but it also binds the hands and feet of the Jade people. Conservative and innovative, so that Jieyang workers lack the exuberance of Ruili workers, less aura, more craftsmanship.
2. Su Yanggong
Su Gong is characterized by deep heritage, very classical charm, but also a master of antiques, with experience in copying ancient sculptures. Suyang jade carving has a long history, from small pieces to shanzi are outstanding in modern times.
Su Gong generally adopts the method of one side relief carving, one side yin and yang carving. The relief works of Suzhou Craftsmanship have smooth lines, steady knives, and the depth of the lines is outlined freely, which can give the relief image a strong three-dimensional sense. The works pursue KitKat and penetrate Chinese and Western art.
Master Su Gong is a good hand at antiques, and from Su Gong's works, you can experience the strong traditional cultural connotation and the author's own feelings. The so-called "things carry the tao, jade to cultivate virtue", Su Gong really did it.
Disadvantages:
(1) Pick the material, not all the materials can make a stable effect;
(2) Lack of experience in the processing of jadeite imperfections. Especially when there are certain defects in the material itself that need to be made up, Su Gong is not necessarily the best choice.
Three or four will work
Sihui workers absorbed the stone carving techniques in Fujian and took the route of "small, fast and spiritual". Sihuigong is rich in fast food culture.
(1) The so-called "small" refers to the processing cost
The four workers take the civilian route, and the cost is preferred. The four workers pursue god-likeness, but in many places in the details, they can be saved. For example, take two fish, in terms of details, the scales of the four will be significantly less than those of Jieyang.
(2) The so-called "fast" refers to the fast processing speed
Sihui carving masters win by quantity, on the one hand, in order to make money, on the other hand, to help customers save processing costs, and also greatly shorten the cycle of jadeite from raw materials to finished products, which is convenient for the faster circulation of funds.
(3) The so-called "spirit" refers to the flexibility of processing and the flexibility of finished products
Sihui workers are the least picky workers, no matter what kind of materials can be vividly played by the fiddling of sihui masters.
In order to pursue speed, the four workers lead to the details not being in place, giving people a feeling that the carving is not exquisite, and it is not suitable for good material carving.
IV. RuiliGong (Diangong)
Ruiligong has rich themes and unique styles, and Diangong has made a very big breakthrough in carving form and content compared with traditional craftsmanship.
The characteristics of Diangong mainly include the following aspects:
(1) Rich themes and unique styles
Dian Gong is not limited to Guanyin Buddha gong in terms of characters, nor is he bound to flowers, birds, cordyceps, and beasts in flower pieces, which greatly enriches the volume of jadeite.
(2) Processing atmosphere
Thanks to the relatively low price of raw materials and the abundant supply, Yunnan workers generally have a good tone for making large pieces.
(3) Naturally
This is the most important and characteristic place of Diangong. Yunnan Gong's pursuit of art is to retain as much as possible part of the original natural interest of the material in the process of processing, and to rub the construction method into the shape of the material itself. Do not use pressed materials, look for the way the two can best be integrated processing.
In the process of pursuing the unity of work and materials, sometimes some small defects and small defects in the material are intentionally or unintentionally ignored, and a little bit of part will be sacrificed for the sake of the whole.
Note: Some knowledge and pictures originate from the Internet, respecting originality.
The above is an introduction to the carving of jadeite and its four major schools.
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