Li Cunxun
Later Emperor Zhuangzong of Tang, Li Cunxun, was ordered by his father to conquer the east and the west to pacify the world, but after establishing the regime and becoming emperor, he died and defeated the country in only 3 years. In the Preface to the Biography of Lingren, it is written that "Zhi Yong is more trapped in what he is drowning", which is intended to say that he is more addicted to material and spiritual satisfaction. Let's start with his experience.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > from a hairy boy to a generation of emperors</h1>
Li Cunxun grew up in the military since childhood, was good at riding and shooting, and had great courage. Moreover, he is good at musical rhythm, which can be described as both literary and martial arts. In 895, Hedong Jiedu made Li Ke ordered to fight against the rebel wang Xingyu. Li Cunxun, who was only 11 years old at the time, also accompanied his father's surname Jun, and was praised by Tang Zhaozong.
In 908, Li Ke was seriously ill and gave Zhuangzong three arrows before his death, allowing Li Cunxun to destroy his political enemies and fulfill his ambitions. At this time, his inner goal is very clear, that is, to fulfill his father's wishes. So he began to rectify military discipline, all the way through the thorns, conquered the battlefield for 15 years, and finally eliminated the fierce enemy and established his own regime.
However, it is regrettable that Li Cunxun gradually moved towards the road of self-destruction. In 262 AD, when Li Cunxun was going to suppress the mutiny leader Li Siyuan, he was unfortunately shot by a stray arrow and died in the Daixiao Temple, at the age of forty-three.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > identity is difficult to change – the root cause</h1>
Sima Guang said of Emperor Zhuangzong of Tang: "After destroying Liang, he was proud of the sudden victory, relaxed in Ju'an, forgot the difficulties of the oak wood, and the panic of the birds. He described the reason for Tang Zhuangzong's destruction of the country as a change in his behavior before and after the destruction of Liang. But I don't think so. In a short period of time, a person's temperament will not change greatly. Although Li Cunxun ascended to the throne, he was still a military commander, and there was a fundamental difference between a military commander and a political emperor. His inability to truly adapt to his imperial identity was the root cause of his extinction.
As the emperor of a feudal dynasty, in the era of local division, it is necessary to have two kinds of abilities. The first is the ability of Xiao Yong to be good at war, and the other is the ability to think deeply, but Li Cunxun only has the former. So when he seized power and ascended to the throne, he still thought about things as a military commander. His style of conduct and methods of doing things have not changed. This can be seen in his support for Kong Qian's wealth.
Li Cunxun film and television image
Before the destruction of Liang, the grain and grass of Zhuangzong's army were supplied by Zhang Chengye. Collecting grain and grass in war often ends up on the people, not to mention that the war has been fought for more than 20 years, so it is conceivable that the peasants' lives must be very difficult. However, after Li Cunxun destroyed Liang, he not only did not change his traditional practice and continued to set up a rent to make an official, but instead entrusted the salt and iron, the duzhi, and the household department to the jurisdiction of the tenants, which was equivalent to bringing the entire country's economic life into the war system. This made the people even more miserable and extremely disappointed in the monarch.
For example, in the matter of destroying Shu, it can also be seen that the angle of Li Cunxun's station is not correct.
At that time, the warlords had been divided for more than 20 years, and at this time, the Shu lord Wang Yan was faint. In fact, from a military point of view, it is not impossible to attack Shudi with a single blow after the reunification of the north. But for political reasons, it is not a wise choice. At that time, the Interior of the Later Tang Dynasty was unstable, and two months before the end of shu, a large area of water was distributed throughout the country, flooding, and the people were displaced. But food was scarce, life was extremely difficult, the soldiers were running out of food, and everyone was on the run.
Then there were locust plagues and earthquakes, and in this case the westward march was ordered. It is an act of adding fuel to the fire. Even though the war was won in a very short time, it dealt a blow to domestic politics. The tragedy of Li Cunxun is that the obvious differences between the roles of the past and today make it impossible to change. He was not trained as an emperor at an early age, and he did not have the ability to handle government affairs.
What's more, after succeeding to the throne, Li Cunxun has also been busy with the war, he almost always spent time on the front line, and there is a lack of people around him who can teach him to be an emperor. Thought determines behavior, and when Li Cunxun makes decisions as a military commander, it is doomed that his imperial road will not be long. He made many mistakes in handling government affairs, and these step-by-step accumulation gradually corroded the internal system and finally collapsed.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > thought determines behavior - improper use of people Official bribery Court corruption</h1>
I think that Li Cunxun's failure is not only due to the problem of role change, but also to the improper employment of people, as well as the corruption within the imperial court and the issue of bribery.
We know that a country must have rules for long-term peace and stability, and the latter needs officials to govern when making rules. Therefore, whether the employment policy is correct or not will directly affect the peace and stability of the country. Tang Taizong once said: "I choose people for officials, only I am with", he has tried his best to get rid of the door to appoint talents, so that the "rule of Zhenguan" can appear. As a later Tang dynasty lord, Li Cunxun did not learn from this scientific employment policy, but instead took the rank of officer according to the door. Such an approach can only make the local clan powerful, and the harm is naturally the imperial power.
In 923, Emperor Zhuangzong requested that the former imperial warriors be selected among the judges of the clan and given official positions. As a result, a large number of scholars were selected to hold important positions in the DPRK. During the reign of these people, they did not make any political achievements, but colluded with each other, ate vegetarian meals, and harmed the people. Guo Chongtao, the minister at that time, did not talk about talent in the employment of personnel, but only looked at his origin. In such a long period of time, those military generals who had fought with Zhuangzong gradually had contradictions with Zhuangzong and had different intentions.
In addition, when Zhuangzong appointed officials, he did as he pleased. There is a historical record that once, Zhuangzong made a bet with his courtiers, and he said, "If you can win me, I will give you a town." As a result, after the courtier won, Emperor Zhuang did give him a fief. Such a method of employing people and the attitude of employing people have made the ministers of the DPRK and the CPC effective. Everyone did not think about how to govern the country well, but to exploit loopholes, and the atmosphere within the imperial court was corrupted. At this point, the state bureaucracy declined and the situation became chaotic.
There is also the problem of blatant bribery in the official arena.
In fact, the issue of official bribery was one of the reasons for the demise of the former dynasty and the later Liang. However, as a monarch, Li Cunxun did not take precautions once, but instead relaxed his control, and calmly accepted huge bribes from officials, and even secretly allowed his courtiers to accept bribes.
After the destruction of Liang, Song Zhou made Yuan Xiang submit to Later Tang. At that time, he brought hundreds of thousands of treasures to visit and bribed the magnates, eunuchs, and servants of the time, and the emperor was no exception. At this point, he was deeply favored in the court. At that time, as long as bribes were accepted, officials could be forgiven for their sins.
In this case, a large number of moths have been derived, and they have plundered the people's cream to turn it in and then gain power, which has become a dead cycle. In the long run, the people naturally could not stand it, and this kind of behavior shook the foundation of Later Tang's rule, so later Zhuangzong's throne was not secured.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > the last straw that crushed the camels – the dictatorship of the Lingren</h1>
The problem that most directly led to Li Cunxun's tragedy was naturally that he allowed the dictatorship of the people to be allowed.
In fact, Li Cunxun liked opera when he was a child, but because he wanted to fight on the battlefield, he suppressed his desire to have fun. But after claiming the title of empress, she was the supreme ruler, and others could not control him, so she let go of her hobbies and even began to act.
Li Cunxun's palace maids have more than 2,000 people, most of whom are good at singing and dancing. Lingren is actually the comedian today. In order to facilitate acting, he also specially set up a thousand music officers and organized a huge "band" called "Li Tianxia".
From this, we can see how much Li Cunxun loves lingren. But if you just love it, it will not lead to a tragic end. But he also allowed these men to rule. At that time, the men could not only dictate to the ministers of the DPRK and the Central Government. Moreover, there are many people who hold important positions in the DPRK and the military. How can these people bear the great responsibility of defending their families and defending the country? In the end, Li Cunxun also died tragically at the hands of these close officials, which was really regrettable.
Tang Zhuangzong went from a brave and warlike general to an emperor with great power, and failed to govern the country well. As the saying goes: "Born of sorrow, died of comfort." "He easily buried the world he had laid down in 3 years, which was not only a laughing stock, but also thought-provoking."