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preface:
Multicultural
Multiculturalism refers to the fact that in the case of increasingly complex human society and more developed information circulation, the renewal and transformation of culture is also accelerating, the development of various cultures is facing different opportunities and challenges, and new cultures will emerge in an endless stream. Under the modern complex social structure, we inevitably need a variety of different cultures to serve the development of society, and these cultures serve the development of society, which creates cultural pluralism, that is, multiculturalism in a complex social context.
The eating habits and taste characteristics of various gardeners and ethnic groups in the world are also different. At the same time, people of different nationalities and different situations still have some taboos in terms of eating habits, so it is also helpful for us to understand and master various eating habits abroad.
Food culture
The world's three major culinary kingdoms: China, Turkey, France
cooking
China
The main reason why our country has become a culinary kingdom is not the name of the variety of dishes, but the "taste". "One dish and one grid", "hundred dishes and hundred flavors" are the biggest characteristics of Chinese cuisine and one of the fundamental reasons for becoming a culinary kingdom.
European and American eating habits
The eating habits of European and American countries have their own characteristics, and the following mainly introduces the situation of Britain, France, Germany, Italy, the United States and other countries.
German cuisine
Germany: Some people say that Germans eat the most in line with the nutritionist's advice on "eating well early, eating enough at noon, and eating less late". They have always paid more attention to breakfast and lunch, and dinner is simpler. Like other European countries, it enjoys pork, beef, chicken, duck and game, as well as cakes, desserts and a variety of fruits, especially beer. Munich is a world-famous "beer city". However, Germans do not eat fish, shrimp and seafood, and have a custom of not speaking when eating fish. They also don't like foods that are too fatty and spicy, and they also avoid walnuts. Germans like to turn off the lights when eating dinner, only light a few small candles, faint candlelight, wine aroma, the mood is very romantic.
Italian cuisine
Italy: Italy uses a variety of pasta dishes, such as shallot rolls, wontons, macaroni, stir-fried flour, etc., which is a major feature of the Italian diet. Moreover, Italians generally eat it when they are six or seven years old, which is rare in other countries. There is a very common and famous pasta in Italy, the pizzeria. The exquisite production method is to bake it on the ceramic tiles with charcoal, and the filling on the cake is mostly cheese, ham, sausage, tomatoes, eggplant and so on. Freshly baked pizza is mouth-watering.
American fast food
United States: Americans eat a quality diet that does not require quantity, which is very close to the dietary habits of the United Kingdom. He also likes to eat beef, pork, chicken, fish, shrimp, eggs and a variety of fresh vegetables and fruits. Dishes are mostly cooked by frying, grilling and frying. Like lamb chops, pork chops, fried chicken, fried shrimp... These things sound mouth-watering enough. Americans generally do not use spices in the kitchen, but put them on the dining table and ask them to go to their own convenience. It really saves the cooking people's business, and it also meets the tastes of the eaters, the best of both worlds.
Americans love to eat light, non-greasy, salty and sweet food, do not eat garlic and sour and spicy food, and do not eat fatty meat, steamed and braised food, avoid eating animal offal. I love to drink mineral springs, water, Coca-Cola, beer and other beverages. And whiskey, brandy and other liquors are usually drunk as tea.
Americans are very time-sensitive and efficient, and the requirements for three meals a day are nutritious, delicious, and fast and convenient. As a result, the fast food industry has emerged, and the most popular foods are "hot dogs" (bread sandwich sausages), hamburgers and bagels.
United Kingdom: The average British family has three meals a day (i.e. breakfast, lunch, dinner). They are lunch-based. For generous families, they have four meals a day (i.e. breakfast, lunch, refreshments and dinner). Breakfast is generally oats or barley, porridge made of milk, sugar or salt, eggs ham, brioche bread or jam bread; cold meat, potatoes and cold dishes made with cucumbers, tomatoes, carrots, lettuce, beet heads, etc. for lunch; refreshments are generally from 4 to 5 p.m., the content is tea, pastries, bread; dinner is a dinner, dress, and dishes should be rich. The English generally love puff pastry; many people in the harbor area of England are generally particularly fond of herring and mackerel.
When the British eat, they generally like to drink beer first, and they also like to drink whiskey and other spirits. Since the introduction of Chinese tea to Britain in the 17th century, the British have formed an indissoluble relationship with tea. They changed their habit of drinking only coffee and beer in the past, and now most of the real British have the habit of drinking "quilt tea" (morning) and "afternoon tea" in the afternoon. They usually eat British Western food or French Western food, and they are also extremely appreciative and happy to taste Chinese food, and there are more than one Chinese restaurant in all the cities and towns in the United Kingdom. They are generally accustomed to holding a fork in their left hand and a knife in their right hand, and like to have condiments on the table.
The British "roast beef plus Yorkshire pudding" is known as the national dish. This is a dish made from beef loin meat, eggs with milk and noodles, and grilled in the oven with beef and potatoes. When served, it is accompanied by some single-cooked greens, that is, "roast beef plus Yorkshire pudding".
French Cuisine -1
France: France is one of the three culinary kingdoms in the world.
The main feature of French cuisine is the exquisite preparation of the compound seasoning (sauce), the selection of ingredients is very fresh, and even many dishes are eaten raw. Commonly used cooking methods are roasting, frying, frying, braising, stewing, etc., the dishes are fat, thick, crisp, rotten, the taste is salty, sweet, wine-based. Meat dishes are always accompanied by a variety of vegetables. The use of seasoning wine is strictly stereotyped, and what kind of wine must be used to cook any dish. The most famous french delicacy is foie gras, which is called the Three Treasures of Food with black fungus (truffle fungus) and black caviar. The French are also very particular about drinking when eating, which dish to eat with which wine. Generally, before eating vegetables, you should drink a glass of Mimesi wine or whiskey aperitif, drink sour dry wine when eating fish, and drink red wine when eating meat.
The French attach great importance to cooking techniques. They pay attention to the color, aroma, taste, shape, and operation of the dish, and attach great importance to mastering the fire. There is a prominent feature in French cuisine, with a particular emphasis on the tenderness of the dishes. Because they generally like to eat slightly raw, extremely tender delicacies. Dry cool is one of the main foods on the French table. They love to sandwich them with cheese or italian pie fillings and use it as a tea snack. The French are generally happy to drink raw water (tap water) and are not used to drinking boiled water.
Turkish cuisine
Turkey:
Turkey is a country with a strong focus on gastronomy. Ranked as one of the world's three famous gourmet countries, the traditional staple food in addition to bread, but also lamb, wine, snacks... However, Turkish dim sum is somewhat sweet for people who are afraid of fat or sweets. Nevertheless, Turkey is a sacred wine producer and fruit kingdom. The four seasons are distinctly Turkish fruit varieties, brewing a naturally rich gastronomic kingdom. Locals like to eat lamb and veal, especially like to skewer the lamb and grill it over a charcoal fire, and eat it with a knife to cut the meat slices and eat the bread, which can be said to be the McDonald's of Turkey. At present, the roadside snack Shawaima is said to have been imported from Turkey. However, chicken is mostly used as the main ingredient of Shawaimar, in fact, in Turkey, lamb is the authentic Shawaima. Because of the penchant for lamb, in order to clean the mouth, the locals often use a variety of sour cucumber accompaniment dishes.
Nepalese cuisine
Nepal: Nepalese generally eat two meals a day, usually milk tea and biscuits in the morning. Dinner is a regular meal, and generally more attention is paid to it. It is customary to serve rice or pasta with some dishes. They are accustomed to eating Western food, and they are also extremely happy to taste Chinese food. They used to use knives and forks or chopsticks for their meals, and they used to pilaf with their hands.
Mexican cuisine
Mexico: Mexico is the land of corn, and many people like to drink tortilla porridge and eat tortillas, whether poor or rich, they see it as delicious. When they entertain foreign guests, they often enjoy a unique hometown delicacy of cactus, which impresses the guests. Mexico is rich in chili peppers, and they are also particularly able to eat chili peppers, if compared with the Sichuan people in China eat spicy, they are not inferior. Some people even enjoy sprinkling chili noodles when eating fruit. The indigenous Asterks of Mexico regard frogs, tadpoles, tequila worms, shrimp, ants, crickets, water flies, fly eggs, etc. as delicious foods, and some are considered to be excellent delicacies. They are accustomed to eating Western food, and they are also very fond of Chinese food.
Brazilian cuisine
Brazil: "Black beans" are an indispensable staple food for Brazilians every day to make black bean rice. Brazil's national dish, "beans", is made with pig's trotters, offal and black beans as raw materials, and stewed together in a casserole. "Grilled meat" is one of the most popular dishes of Brazilians, and it is also a national dish and a popular dish. That's why many Brazilians have ovens in their homes for guests or at home. Brazilians love tenderloin; most people prefer spicy dishes.
Brazil is known as the "Coffee Kingdom". They love to drink coffee the most, and every day is like Chinese drinking tea, drinking coffee cup after cup.
Japanese Gastronomy
Japan: Japanese Eating Habits: There are three ways to eat in Japan: traditional food (also known as Japanese food), Chinese food (also known as Chinese cuisine), and Western food (also known as foreign food). I liked to drink porridge, milk and bread for breakfast. The main food for lunch and dinner is rice. He loves lean pork, beef, lamb, chicken, eggs, bamboo shoots, tofu and a variety of fresh vegetables. Perhaps because they face the sea on all sides and eat the sea by the sea, the Japanese people are particularly interested in seafood such as fish, shrimp, crab, oyster, kelp, etc., especially raw oyster meat and sashimi, forming a unique style of Japanese food. In addition, there are two dishes on the Japanese dinner table that are a must-have for meals. One is kimchi and the other is miso soup. It is eaten with white rice and miso soup, and it is a traditional Japanese breakfast. The Japanese call miso soup "Mother's Craft", which is mainly made with seafood such as vegetables, tofu, shiitake mushrooms, and seaweed.
Japanese people usually drink a cup of tea before meals. They attach great importance to the tea ceremony and tea ceremony. The so-called tea ceremony is a ritual method of communicating in the form of a tea party, and it is also a special art of boiling tea and tasting tea. Because the ceremony of the tea ceremony is very cumbersome, mastering the tea ceremony is considered to be an excellent manifestation of identity and cultivation. In the general tea ceremony, there are two ways to drink tea. One is for each guest to drink a bowl; the other is for a bowl of tea to be drunk only once per person, and all guests will drink it in turn.
Korean cuisine
Korea: The main features of the Korean diet: high protein, vegetables, light, avoid greasy, and the taste is mainly cool and spicy. Koreans have used rice as a staple food since ancient times. Dishes are mainly stewed and grilled, and basically no stir-fry dishes are made. Koreans like to eat noodles, beef, chicken and dog meat, not steamed buns, lamb and duck.
Koreans generally love to eat cold mixed vegetables. Cold mix is made by cutting vegetables directly or blanching them in boiling water and mixing them with condiments. There are also dishes such as raw fish and shrimp paste. Raw fish is made by cutting raw meat, raw fish, etc. into slices, adding ingredients and shredded radish, pears, etc., and then pouring vinegar sauce or hot sauce to mix. Soup is also an essential part of the meal, and it is usually cooked with vegetables, mountain vegetables, meat, miso, salt, MSGs and other ingredients.
Koreans love to eat chili peppers, and they are almost all chili peppers in home cooking. Koreans have the habit of eating four meals a day, arranged in the morning, noon, evening and night. Koreans eat with spoons and chopsticks. Everyone has their own rice bowl and soup bowl, and all the other dishes are placed in the middle of the table for everyone to enjoy. Koreans are also very sophisticated in their use of rice bowls, which are divided into men's, women's and children's use. Koreans pay attention to frugality, whether they eat themselves or entertain the poor, and try to eat as much as possible.
Eating habits of southeast Asian countries:
Thai cuisine
Thailand: Thais like to eat lard cake, sweet bread, dumplings, sardines, noodle soup, Western-style dim sum, toaster omelette, chicken porridge, milk or coffee for breakfast. In daily life, rice is the main food, and he loves to eat fish, but does not eat sea cucumbers. Loved drinking wine and orange juice. He is also interested in Sichuan cuisine and Cantonese cuisine in China.
Burmese cuisine
Myanmar: Burmese people prefer Both Chinese and Western food. Beef, chicken, duck, fish, shrimp, eggs and various vegetables are the mainstays, and Chinese food especially needs light vegetables or cold mixed vegetables. The taste is refreshing, sweet and sour, and the seasoning is often used in curry, chili oil, etc., of which chili oil is a must-have for meals. They don't eat pork, they don't eat animal offal, and some people don't eat 4-legged animals yet. After meals, drink black tea and coffee.
Filipino cuisine
Philippines: Famous dishes in the Philippines include shrimp soup, meat candle garlic, curry chicken, charcoal grilled piglets and so on. They use spicy condiments in their cooking, and the flavor is greatly influenced by Spain.
Cambodian cuisine
Cambodian Pusai: Cambodian tastes similar to China's Guangdong. I like to eat shrimp, lettuce, chicken, etc., and the taste is slightly spicy. Because there are many people in Cambodia Pu Sai who believe in Buddhism and are afraid of killing, they cherish all animals, do not eat animal food, like to eat vegetarian, they eat very interesting, do not use tables and chairs, do not use bowls, chopsticks, knives, forks, cups, plates, etc., sit on the ground with only their feet behind, and grab rice with their hands.
Singaporean cuisine
Singapore: There are many Chinese in Singapore, so the taste is similar to that of Fujian and Guangdong in China. Serves rice or buns as a staple food. I love fried fish fillets, fried shrimp, fried fish, etc.
Vietnamese cuisine
Vietnamese: Vietnamese people like to eat fish, shrimp, crab, sea cucumber, shark fin and all kinds of seafood and chicken, vermicelli, macaroni, tomatoes and so on. I don't like desserts, lamb, or bean sprouts. I usually eat wontons and salty buns in the morning. The staple food for lunch and dinner is rice, which requires less meat and more dishes, and the taste is light. Tea and coffee are usually the main beverages.
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