Wang Tingjun "Flower Yin Drama Cat Diagram" Silk color vertical axis
[Song] Zhao Tuo, "White Eagle Show Stone Drawing", 138cm×61cm, old collection of the Royal Gallery of Art
Xu Wei 《Ancient Wood Hanging Figure》 Vertical axis on paper 36cm×51cm
As a highly Sinicized minority regime, in the special ethnic environment and the political environment of strife and turmoil, the talents of the Jin Dynasty were born, and their achievements were not simply limited to the transition of the Song and Yuan dynasties, but were unique and showed a strong sense of "nostalgia".
Wang Tingjun (王廷筠), courtesy name Ziduan, was the lord of Huanghua Mountain, the old man of Huanghua, and a native of Xiongyue (present-day Gaiping, Liaoning). According to the "Tombstone of Wang Huanghua" written by Yuan Haowen, Wang Tingjun's 32nd ancestor Wang Lie was originally a Qi person from Taiyuan, and in the last year of the Han Dynasty, he moved to Liaodong to escape the chaos of war. Seventeenth generation ancestor King Wenlin, Zeng Shi Goryeo, was a western general. The eighth ancestor King Lede, who lived in Bohai, after Liao Taizu pacified the Bohai Sea, made his son the King of Dongdan, with Liaoyang as the capital. Wang Tingjun's father, Wang Zungu, was a jinshi of Jin Zhenglong's fifth year (1153), and he was a zhongdafu and a hanlin scholar. His maternal family was also famous, and his grandfather Zhang Gonghao was the king of Nanyang County.
Wang Tingjun was good at writing and writing, and was a teacher of Mi Fu, and had in-depth study of the Writings of Wang Xizhi of the Jin Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty. Yuan Haowen juxtaposed it with Mi Fu and Huang Tingjian, and even believed that Wang Shu's achievements were higher than the two, saying: "The calligraphy of the world is taught by the two kings." Lu Zhi (Huang Tingjian) and Yuan Zhang (Mi Fu) are the names of the Dharma, yuan zhang gets its qi, and Lu Zhi gets its rhyme. The victor of qi is the victor of the loss of speed; the victor of rhyme, the flow is feminine. And the gong is in the air rhyme. There are few surviving works of Wang Tingjun's calligraphy that can be seen in the bibliography, and there are three surviving ink marks, namely the "Inscription of the Picture Scroll of the Bamboo Dry Maple" in the collection of Fujii Youlin in Kyoto, Japan, and the "Scroll of the Wind and Cedar Pine Scrolls of the Wind and Cedar Paintings" collected by the Friar Museum of Art in the United States, and another work inscribed as Wang Tingjun- the silk color vertical scroll "Flower Yin Drama Cat Picture". [The works seen in this work are: (Qing) Qianlong et al., eds., "Secret Temple Zhulin Shiqu Baodi Co-edited" (initial edition), volume 1, Shanghai: Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House, 2009, p. 659.] Fu Kangsen, ed., Bibliography of Calligraphy and Painting in Past Dynasties, Beijing: Chinese Min Art Publishing House, 1997, p. 40. Zhang Zhao (Qing), eds., Shiqu Baodi, vol. 1, Shanghai: Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1991, pp. 494, 520. (Qing) Zhang Zhao, ed., Index of The Secret Temple Zhulin Shiqu Baodi, Shanghai: Shanghai Bookstore, 2011, p. 17. 】
Wang Tingjun inherited the literati painting tradition of Wang Wei, Su Shi and others in painting, "As for the pen and ink game, the landscape has the magic of character, the ink and bamboo are naturally arrived, and the Wenhu Prefecture is below it." The representative paintings of Wang Tingjun, which have been handed down from generation to generation, include the "Map of the Dead Bamboo" now in the collection of Fujii Yulin, Japan, which paints cypress trees with cypress trees, cypress trees with twists and turns, iron bones, and the old dry cypress trees with dry pens are contrasted with thin bamboo with thick ink.
The whole work of "Youzhu Withered Maple Diagram" uses little pen and ink, but it is full of changes, and after the painting, there is Wang Tingjun's self-titled: "Huanghua Mountain is really hidden, and when a line is involved in the world, it feels vulgar and abominable, and when the bald pen is used as a dry maple, it is self-catering." "Its transcendent idea of birth is evident. Zhao Mengfu, a master of calligraphy and painting in the Yuan Dynasty, said in the inscription of "Youzhu Dry Maple Map": "Every time you look at Huanghua calligraphy and painting, it is refreshing, and this volume is particularly outstanding. ”
"Huayin Drama Cat Map" was originally an old collection of an important private art museum in Japan, and there are six Tibetan seals on the top, namely "Treasure of Jiaqing Imperial Collection", "Treasure of Qianlong Imperial View", "Treasure of Shiqu Baoji", "Treasure of Yangxin Hall", "Treasure collection" and "Chapter of Shen Du". In the Qing Palace Imperial Palace Calligraphy and Painting Collection Catalogue "Shiqu Baodi", there is also a record of the "Huayin Drama Cat Diagram", which has the entry "Song Wang Tingjun Huayin Drama Cat" and is rated as "painting axis second class" and "second class Hongyi".
"Shiqu Baodi" is divided into nine categories: books, albums, calligraphy and painting volumes, scrolls, scrolls, painting scrolls, calligraphy and painting scrolls, book scrolls, painting scrolls, and calligraphy and painting scrolls, and each category is divided into upper and lower according to the rarity of the works. As for the evaluation criteria of the upper and lower grades, it is clearly stated in the examples of the "Shiqu Baodi": "The ancient and modern famous relics received by the compilation are all, although the actual text is realistic and generalized, etc., the questions are still old, and the true falsehood is different (such as the second-class books have the second king, Chu Liu, and the secondary paintings have Jing, Guan, Dong, and Ju). It can be seen from this that when the Qianlong Inner House was bibliographing, the "inferior" calligraphy and paintings listed were not authentic or were in good handwriting or in the present.
Yan Liben's painting "Step Map" is a Figure Painting of the Tang Dynasty, now in the Palace Museum, and at the beginning, it was not in the status of a "national treasure" as it is now. In the "Shiqu Baodi Preliminary Edition", volume 34, it is recorded: "The scroll is inferior. Tang Yan Liben painted a volume of "Step Map". Second class day one, plain silk, colored painting. The middle of the volume is signed with the three words of 'Step Diagram', and at the end of the volume, Zhang Boyi's book is skilled, and signed with Yun: 'Tang Xiang Yan Li Ben Pen.' "After 1949, it did not attract enough attention from experts and scholars. The reason for not being taken seriously is to see its "inferiority". In recent years, in the writings of Chinese art history, experts and scholars have re-affirmed its historical value and artistic value. Because its paintings reflect the major historical and diplomatic event of Tang Taizong marrying Princess Wencheng to the Tubo king Songzan Gampo, it not only occupies an important artistic position in the history of art, but also has important historical significance and far-reaching practical significance. Therefore, on the road of art, whether it is historical painting or academic appraisal, it is in questioning and confirming that art can continue to develop.
"Flower Yin Drama Cat Diagram" "Second Grade Tianyi" is the "Qianlong Three Seals" - "The Treasure of the Qianlong Imperial View", "Shiqu Baodi", "Yangxin Hall Treasure Collection" is for the "Hall Seal", and the work of this seal was once stored in the Qing Palace, which is the Yangxin Hall. This twist and turn leaves room for the Fang family to study this painting in depth. Since the old collection of the Qing Palace, the circulation of the "Flower Yin Drama Cat Diagram" has been rarely studied because there are few written records at present, and it is an academic space that needs to be excavated urgently in the future.
Throughout Wang Tingjun's life, it can be said that he has experienced the ups and downs of the eunuch sea, hovering between birth and entry into the world, in the chaotic and impermanent political ecology, Wang Tingjun can also attach himself to the artistic creation of poetry and painting, and find a place of refuge for the soul. Through the complicated historical light and shadow, we can still faintly see Wang Tingjun, a famous scholar of the Jin Dynasty who is on the great shore of Yiguan Wei'an, in the midst of laughter and laughter, chanting a poem "Bamboo shadow and poetry thin, plum blossoms into dreams", and you can enjoy the joy of pen and ink.
Bibliography of Poems:
1. "Xu WenchangYi Manuscript", author: Xu Wenchang, Taiwan Tamkang Bookstore, published in 1956.
2. "Xu Wenchangyi Manuscript", P131, author: Xu Wenchang, Shanghai Magazine Company, published in: 1936.
3. "Xu Wei Collection", by Xu Wei, published by Zhonghua Bookstore in April 1983, the third volume P700, P851.
4. "Xu Wenchang Anthology", by Xu Wei, publisher: Yuan Hongdao, publication date unknown, for the late Qing Dynasty edition.
5. Exhibition: 2012 Special Exhibition of Chinese Painting and Calligraphy at the Louvre Museum in France and Video of Phoenix Satellite TV.
<h1 toutiao-origin="h4" > Editor: Mu Yu</h1>