Lu You's "Shi'er" appreciation

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Song Lu you

The dead Yuan knows that everything is empty, but the sorrow does not see Kyushu Tong.

Wang Shi Bei Ding Zhongyuan Day, the family sacrifice did not forget to tell Nai Weng.

Poetry is a tool for lyricism, which not only has a distinct class nature and epochality, but also is a concrete embodiment of the poet's personality and world view. "No matter how the poet sees the world, how he interprets it, no matter what language the poet adopts, whether concealed or revealed, his works, which are traced to the end, always confess the opinions of himself and the people he represents." (Ai Qing's "Treatise on Poetry")

"Shi'er" is the last sentence written by Lu You before his death, and it is the last poem in the poet's life. At this time, Lu You had retired from his official home for more than twenty years, and he was already an eighty-five-year-old man. He himself was expected to die soon, so he harbored the resentment that he could not see the reunification of the motherland before his death, and used his will to write his concern and attachment to state affairs, and showed fierce patriotic feelings. The first sentence of the poem, "Death knows that everything is empty", from the word "death", first write about the common feelings of people. When a man dies, he sleeps in the Nine Springs unconsciously and carefreely, and everything in the world has nothing to do with him. It seems that it is open and unconcerned, but the second sentence of the poem, "But sorrow does not see the same in Kyushu", uses a turning word "but" to write out that he still has a thing that he cannot forget and let go of his feelings at all times: when he dies in the world, he cannot be blinded, that is, the motherland has not yet been reunified, and the people of the vast area north of the Huai River are still living in the depths of the water. This sentiment is tragic and tragic, and it is a natural and true expression of the poet's voice. The third and fourth sentences, "Wang Shi Bei Ding Zhongyuan Day, the family sacrifice does not forget to tell Nai Weng", which means: One day, when the army of the Song Dynasty recovered the lost land in the north, when you sacrifice your ancestors, don't forget to tell your father the news of victory! The verses are full of hope and confidence in the reunification of the country, showing the poet's unswerving love and loyalty to the motherland until death. The language of the whole poem is clear and fluent, the feelings are sincere and deep, and "the spirit of loyalty and indignation falls between the twenty-eight characters" (Hu Yinglin's "Shi Yi" Miscellaneous Volume V).

In his will poem, Lu You longed for "Beiding Zhongyuan", the same Kyushu. However, contrary to his wishes, sixty-six years after his death, the Southern Song Dynasty collapsed. Kyushu "same" in the Yuan Dynasty, the people are still in the water, lin Jingxi at that time was very emotional, wrote a poem entitled "Shulu Fang Weng After the Scroll": "Qingshan is full of sorrow and sorrow. Lai Sun but saw Kyushu Tong, how to tell Nai Weng about the family sacrifice? "When we read this poem in contrast to Lu You's "Shi'er", we will be even more infected by the patriotic passion of the poets.