In 2020, China's crayfish industry will continue to maintain a good momentum of development.
The performance of the first, second and third productions has been mixed with joy and worry, and the breeding area, output and output value in the first production have reached a new high; the production and sales volume of crayfish feed have continued to increase; the crayfish processing industry in the second production has continued to exert force, the intensive processing has been expanded, the crayfish condiment has sprung up, the new crayfish processing new products, and the new technological innovation and application are in the ascendant; the import and export trade of crayfish has both declined sharply; the tertiary industry represented by catering, due to the impact of the new crown epidemic, has been seriously impacted, the consumer market has undergone obvious changes, and online sales are hot. Offline sales are sluggish, and crayfish restaurants have suffered serious losses. From the overall situation of the industry, the future development potential of the crayfish industry is still optimistic about the industry.
In order to promote scientific breeding, promote industrial upgrading, grasp the law of market operation, and lead the development of the industry, the China Aquatic Products Circulation and Processing Association organized and compiled the "2020 China Crayfish Industry Survey and Analysis Report", focusing on the investigation and analysis of the development of China's crayfish industry in 2020, understanding the situation and new situation of the development of the crayfish industry in various places, making a preliminary judgment on the trend of China's crayfish industry in 2021, and looking forward to the future development of the crayfish industry.
China Crayfish Industry Survey and Analysis Report (2020)
Overview of the crayfish industry: According to the survey, the total output value of China's crayfish industry in 2020 is about 349.07 billion yuan, down 15.06% year-on-year. Among them, the output value of crayfish farming industry is about 79.062 billion yuan, an increase of 10.19% year-on-year. The output value of the secondary industry, which is mainly based on the processing industry, is about 48.008 billion yuan, an increase of 10% year-on-year. The output value of the tertiary industry, which is mainly catering, is about 222 billion yuan, down 25% year-on-year. The proportion of the primary and secondary industries of crayfish has increased, but compared with previous years, the growth rate has tended to be flattened; due to the impact of the new crown epidemic, the tertiary industry has declined more, but the output value of the tertiary industry still accounts for 63.59% of the total output value.
2019/2020 crayfish primary, secondary and tertiary industry proportion comparison chart
Case Study 1
The results of this paper are supported by a survey conducted this year by the China Aquatic Products Circulation and Processing Association and the Institute of Quality Development Strategy of Wuhan University on the 2020 China Crayfish Industry Big Counties[1] (Qianjiang City, Hubei Province, Xuyi County, Jiangsu Province, Honghu City, Hubei Province, Hunan Province, Jianli City, Hubei Province, Huoqiu County, Anhui Province, Shayang County, Hubei Province, Huarong County, Hunan Province, Gong'an County, Hubei Province, and Pengze County, Jiangxi Province).
2020 Survey data of large counties and cities in China's crayfish industry
Total aquaculture production of crayfish in large counties and cities from 2018 to 2020 (10,000 tons)
Total industrial output of crayfish in large counties and cities in 2018-2020 (100 million yuan)
Note: From 2018 to 2020, the total area, total output, processing capacity and industrial output value of the 10 major counties and cities of crayfish have increased year by year.
one
Crayfish farming
1. Crayfish farming area, production and output value
The area of crayfish farming continues to expand: according to the survey, in 2020, the total area of crayfish farming in 16 provinces and municipalities is about 23.0777 million mu, an increase of 2.6465 million mu year-on-year, with a growth rate of 11.46%. Each region is sorted by area as Hubei, Anhui, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Henan, Sichuan, Shandong, Zhejiang, Chongqing, Guizhou, Guangxi, Shaanxi, Fujian, Heilongjiang and Ningxia. Among them, there are 6 provinces with a total area of more than 1 million mu of crayfish farming, and Henan Province will exceed one million mu for the first time in 2020. In 2020, the aquaculture area in Hubei Province is 7.9 million mu, Anhui Province is 4.863 million mu, Hunan Province is 3.233 million mu, Jiangsu Province is 3.03 million mu, Jiangxi Province is 2 million mu, and Henan is 1 million mu. Among them, the new aquaculture area in Jiangsu Province is about 910,000 mu, the new aquaculture area in Anhui Province is about 893,000 mu, the new aquaculture area in Jiangxi Province is about 490,000 mu, the new aquaculture area in Hunan is about 233,000 mu, and the new aquaculture area in Henan Province is about 50,000 mu. The total area of crayfish farming in Hubei, Anhui, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi and Henan accounts for nearly 95% of the total area of crayfish in the country, showing that the dominant areas of crayfish farming in China are particularly concentrated.
Crayfish aquaculture production continued to increase: in 2020, 16 provinces and municipalities reported crayfish aquaculture production, with a total reported output of about 2.5287 million tons, an increase of about 17.47% year-on-year. The production of each region is in order of Hubei, Anhui, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Henan, Shandong, Sichuan, Zhejiang, Chongqing, Guizhou, Guangxi, Fujian, Shaanxi, Heilongjiang and Ningxia. Among them, the annual output of more than 100,000 tons is Hubei (980,000 tons), Anhui (460,900 tons), Hunan (359,500 tons), Jiangsu (286,200 tons), Jiangxi (180,000 tons). The combined output of these five provinces accounts for nearly 90% of the total output, and the other four provinces with an output of more than 10,000 tons are Henan (90,200 tons), Shandong (79,600 tons), Sichuan (48,200 tons) and Zhejiang (23,000 tons). Henan, Shandong and other provinces increased rapidly.
Crayfish farming output value reached a new high: in 2020, 16 provinces and municipalities with crayfish farming output value reports, with a total reported output value of 79.062 billion yuan, an increase of 10.19% over the output value of crayfish farming. The output value of crayfish farming in each region is in order of Hubei, Anhui, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Henan, Shandong, Sichuan, Zhejiang, Chongqing, Guizhou, Guangxi, Fujian, Shaanxi, Heilongjiang and Ningxia.
Survey data on the area, production and output value of crayfish farming in China in 2020
Case Study 2
According to this year's joint survey by the China Aquatic Products Circulation and Processing Association and the Institute of Quality Development Strategy of Wuhan University, in the past three years, a large number of crayfish farming cooperatives (enterprises) have been set up in various provinces, which have become a new highlight of the development of the crayfish industry, among which the cooperative organizations that have formed a certain influence are: the Lobster Economic Professional Cooperative in Chizhen, Quanjiao County, Anhui Province, the Xiangyu Breeding And Breeding Professional Cooperative in Xiantao City, Hubei Province, the Lutu Shrimp and Rice Work Professional Cooperative in Qianjiang City, Hubei Province, and the Pangu Ecological Agriculture Development Co., Ltd. in Jishui County, Jiangxi Province. Pan's Ecological Agriculture Development Co., Ltd. of Quanjiao County, Jiangxi Province, Hefei Wanfeng Ecological Rice and Shrimp Farming Professional Cooperative, Jiangxi Province Pengze County Zhongliang Agricultural Development Co., Ltd., Hunan Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Xuyi Jinlianhui Ecological Agriculture Development Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Xuyi Lobster Industry Development Co., Ltd.
The main cooperative organization of crayfish industry aquaculture in 2020
Survey data on breeding area, yield, sales volume, and mu flat benefits
2018-2020 Crayfish Industry Aquaculture Main Cooperative Organization Production (tons)
2018-2020 Crayfish Industry Aquaculture Main Cooperative Organization Sales (10,000 YUAN)
2. New exploration of crayfish seed breeding and breeding models
Crayfish seed is still mainly self-propagating and self-raising: In 2020, the supply of crayfish fry across the country is still dominated by self-propagation and self-cultivation mode. The main drawback of this "breeding and breeding" model is that farmers do not know how many shrimp fry are in the shrimp pond, and the density is too large to raise large shrimp, and the density is small to raise unable to produce. In previous years, many farmers have taken the early stage of selling shrimp fry, and the later stage of raising commercial shrimp models, especially many old farmers can make a lot of profits just by relying on early sales of shrimp fry. This model was affected by the epidemic in 2020, the sales and circulation of crayfish fry in various places were blocked, the slow sale of shrimp fry in the main production areas was serious, and the efficiency of some farmers decreased significantly.
The crayfish farming model is still dominated by shrimp and rice co-cultivation: most of the rice field cultured crayfish in China adopts the shrimp-rice co-cultivation model. This model has an advantage when the area of crayfish farming is expanding rapidly and the demand for fry is high, and farmers can obtain good returns by selling seedlings. The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 changed that. In the early stage, it cannot be managed, the seed cannot be sold, and in the later stage, there are too many shrimp fry to grow large shrimp, which is the main reason for the decline in the income of farmers.
Some innovative discussions on crayfish farming models: In 2020, in Hubei, Anhui, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi and other places, the "breeding and separation" model will gradually be promoted, as long as farmers operate in place, they can greatly improve the breeding efficiency of Tangkou. At present, many provinces and cities aquatic technology promotion departments are actively promoting this model, and many places are appropriately adjusting the "breeding and separation" model on the basis of combining local actual conditions to make it more suitable for local farmers. The concentrated listing of finished crayfish has led to a downturn in shrimp prices for a period of time, which has been more obvious in the past few years. In 2020, Jiangsu Province will experiment with the "double early and excellent" breeding model, demonstrate and promote the "one rice and three shrimp" green and efficient breeding model, experiment with the factory circulating water breeding model, experiment with "rice shrimp + mandarin fish", "rice shrimp + turtle", "lotus + shrimp", "mustard fruit + shrimp" and other ecological and healthy breeding models; Hubei Province has taken the lead in promoting the "breeding and separation" model of crayfish breeding in the country; Hunan Province has promoted rice field fostering, rice shrimp crabs, rice shrimp eels, rice shrimp turtle polyculture and other models, and explored breeding modes such as "Diamond Horn-Shrimp" model and "Lotus-Shrimp" Huoqiu County, Anhui Province, formed a "three-stream model" of comprehensive rice and shrimp breeding, and a high-quality lobster breeding model in Dangtu County; Henan Province promoted crayfish autumn seedling breeding technology, breeding and separation technology, spring large-scale crayfish breeding technology, and a comprehensive breeding mode of "one rice and one shrimp", "one rice and two shrimps" and "one rice and one shrimp and one turtle"; Jiangxi Province innovated the demonstration and promotion of the comprehensive breeding mode of rice and shrimp without ring ditch; Sichuan Province promoted new models such as "paddy field + purse seine", "4+1+1", "shrimp-fishing" overculture, rice fishing + internal circulation" and so on.
3. Crayfish feed production and sales continued to increase
According to the survey, in 2020, there are more than 200 enterprises engaged in the production of crayfish feed in the country, and most of the crayfish feed enterprises produce and sell about 1,000 tons. Enterprises with sales of more than 30,000 tons include: Tongwei Feed Co., Ltd., Guangdong Haida Group Co., Ltd., New Hope Liuhe Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Aohua Group Co., Ltd., Wuhan Chia Tai Aquatic Products Co., Ltd., Guangdong Hengxing Feed Industry Co., Ltd. and other feed enterprises. In 2020, due to the impact of the new crown epidemic and the peak of the crayfish farming industry, the breeding density was too high to affect the production of large-scale commercial shrimp, making a large number of low-value shrimp listed in May, and the price of crayfish suffered a cliff-like decline. Most farmers have reduced or stopped feed input, but some farmers who insist on intensive farming still insist on feeding crayfish feed due to the firm price of large-sized crayfish. In the breeding area with Qianjiang river as the radiation center, due to the high level of management, the feeding amount per mu is more than 0.1 tons. It is estimated that the average annual consumption of crayfish feed per mu is 0.05 tons to 0.2 tons, and the total demand for crayfish feed in the country is about 1.5 million tons.
Case Study Three
According to this year's survey by the China Aquatic Products Circulation and Processing Association and the Institute of Quality Development Strategy of Wuhan University, the following feed enterprises have obvious advantages in the crayfish industry feed market share in 2020: Tongwei Feed Co., Ltd., Guangdong Haida Group Co., Ltd., New Hope Liuhe Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Aohua Group Co., Ltd., Wuhan Chia Tai Aquatic Products Co., Ltd., Guangdong Hengxing Feed Industry Co., Ltd., Guangdong Yuehai Feed Group, Yueyang Xinhong Feed Co., Ltd., Hubei Aspire Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Cargill Feed (Zhenjiang) Co., Ltd.
Survey data of enterprises with high market share of crayfish feed in China in 2020
2018-2020 Crayfish Industry Market Share high feed enterprise output (10,000 tons)
2018-2020 Crayfish Industry Market Share high feed enterprise sales (100 million yuan)
Note: The output and sales of 10 feed enterprises with high market share in 2018-2020 indicate that the output of 10 excellent feed enterprises has increased year by year, sales have increased year by year, and online sales have made breakthroughs.
two
Crayfish processing industry
The scale of crayfish processing has increased, and the processing regional cluster is obvious: according to the survey, in 2020, there will be 124 processing enterprises above the scale of crayfish in China, an increase of 11 over the previous year; the annual processing capacity of enterprises above designated size is about 880,700 tons, an increase of 9.11% over the previous year; the annual processing output value of enterprises above designated size is about 48.007 billion yuan, an increase of nearly 10% over the previous year. From the total point of view, crayfish large-scale processing enterprises are mainly concentrated in Hubei, Anhui, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi five provinces, of which Hubei Province, whether in the number of processing enterprises and average processing volume, are in the national leading position, above the scale of the processing plant reached 51, the national proportion of more than 40%, processing volume of more than 614,700 tons, accounting for about 69.7% of the national 124 processing capacity above the scale. In 2020, China's crayfish processing industry is still dominated by the primary processing of whole shrimp, shrimp kernels and shrimp tails. The types of products processed are also becoming more and more abundant, and the amount of flavored shrimp for different flavors that domestic consumers like has increased rapidly. According to the different production and processing technology of domestic mainstream crayfish processing plants, crayfish primary processing products can be mainly divided into three categories: whole shrimp (no head, no shell), shrimp (head, shell), and shrimp tail (only head, no shell). Whole shrimp is divided into export whole limb shrimp and domestic whole limb shrimp, mainly fennel flavored crayfish, spicy powder shrimp, clear water crayfish, seasoned crayfish, can be naturally thawed before eating, or microwave thawed directly after eating, can also be used as barbecue, to meet the taste of consumers in different regions; crayfish tail has single frozen lobster tail and spicy lobster tail; crayfish kernel has a piece of frozen crayfish kernels and single frozen crayfish kernels. The comprehensive utilization of by-products such as crayfish shells and the extraction of chitin account for a relatively small proportion, and the amount of deep processing is about 30,000 tons. Mainly concentrated in Hubei and Jiangsu provinces, Huashan Water Products and other key enterprises with crayfish shell as the main raw material, processing and forming chitin, glucosamine hydrochloride, glucosamine potassium sulfate, chitosan, chitosan oligosaccharide capsules, chitosan, water-soluble chitosan, carboxymethyl chitosan, chito oligosaccharides and other series of products.
Survey data on the number, processing volume and output value of China's crayfish processing enterprises in 2020
Innovation in the field of crayfish circulation and processing: In 2020, the fresh preservation technology of crayfish has made a breakthrough. The new technology of crayfish preservation and live storage developed by Beijing Kaichen Technology Co., Ltd. landed in Pengze County Aquatic Industrial Park in Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province, which can store 2,000 tons at a time. It can be stored in 3 to 4 batches throughout the year to solve the dilemma of local crayfish concentrated on the market. They plan to build 10 production warehouses in the main crayfish producing areas of the country to promote this project. Shenzhen Baichen Technology Co., Ltd. has invested heavily in recent years and has been focusing on the research and development of crayfish automatic production lines. In 2020, 264 sets of 12 fully automatic production lines will be installed in Xinmantang Red Food Company in Jianli City, Hubei Province, which can replace the positions of 264 workers; 242 sets of 11 fully automatic production lines will be installed in an enterprise in Jingzhou City, Hubei Province. The production products are crayfish shrimp tail and crayfish shrimp kernel. At present, the test data is only 2 to 3% points worse than that of labor.
Case Study IV
According to this year's joint survey of China Aquatic Products Circulation and Processing Association and Wuhan University Institute of Quality Development Strategy, the enterprises with the highest influence, processing volume and sales volume of China's crayfish processing enterprises in 2020 are: Huashan Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Shunxiang Food Co., Ltd., Honghu Xinhongye Food Co., Ltd., Jiujiang Kairui Ecological Agriculture Development Co., Ltd., Hubei Jiaotou Lake Modern Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., Anhui Huaxiang Food Co., Ltd., Qianjiang Liuwu Aquatic Food Co., Ltd., Huangmei Kanghong Ecological Agriculture Development Co., Ltd., Jianli County Xinmantang Red Food Co., Ltd., Guolian (Yiyang) Food Co., Ltd.
2020 crayfish processing enterprise strength of the enterprise survey data
2018-2020 Crayfish processing enterprises in the top strength of enterprise output (tons)
2018-2020 Crayfish processing enterprise strength of the leading enterprise sales (10,000 yuan)
Description: The changes in sales, processing volume, sales area and sales channels of 10 enterprises in 2018, 2019 and 2020 show that: 1, the processing volume has increased year by year, and the sales volume has increased year by year; 2, the sales area has declined year by year, and the domestic has risen year by year; 3, the sales channel offline has decreased year by year, and the online has risen year by year.
three
Crayfish prices and market circulation
The law of crayfish price trend for many years has been disrupted: from a national point of view, the price of crayfish in 2020 will fluctuate greatly. In March-April, the overall price was low year-on-year, and the general price in the main producing provinces was less than 36 yuan / jin; in May-June, the increase in production coupled with the centralized listing, resulting in a price that continued to fall year-on-year, and some areas had a low price of less than 11 yuan / jin, which was 3-5 yuan lower than the same period in 2019; subsequently, due to the reduction in the number of available, coupled with the catering in various places, it rose to more than 23 yuan / jin in July and August, and the price differentiation in various places was larger. The price trend of crayfish in previous years was completely disrupted in 2020.
The sharp change in the market price of crayfish circulation in 2020 is manifested in three stages. The first stage is the early epidemic closed a lot of markets, even if the terminal small amount of demand is difficult to be met, the price of especially high-quality crayfish is very high, 50 grams of crayfish sold at a high price of 100 yuan / kg at the highest time, but the overall circulation is very small, mainly relying on some takeaway orders in slowly digesting the source of crayfish. The second stage of the epidemic is slowly unsealed, crayfish are slowly listed, but the business of the market is not good, because the unblocking is only to restrict travel and unseal, although restaurants can open, but very few people go to restaurants to consume. At this time, crayfish in Hubei, Hunan, Anhui and other places have been listed, but it is not easy to sell in the market. The third stage of rice field shrimp in June began to close one after another, and crayfish prices began to slowly recover. After the middle of June, the number of rice field shrimp market decreased, coupled with the Dragon Boat Festival, crayfish prices slowly recovered. After July, Hubei, Hunan, Anhui, Jiangsu, Jiangxi and other places suffered from different degrees of flooding, and the amount of crayfish on the market was relatively small, but the market was affected by sporadic epidemics, and prices also rose and fell, not very stable.
The biggest feature of the price trend of crayfish in 2020 is that the price of green shell crayfish with less than 20 grams of size has been below 10 yuan / catty for a long time. This is mainly because many farmers' shrimp fry are not sold separately, they can only stay in the pond for storage, the density of the pond mouth is too high, and many farmers have lost confidence in breeding management, resulting in the specification of crayfish not going up. The number of small shrimp in Hubei, Hunan, Anhui and other major production areas is very large, especially small shrimp under 10 grams, and the lowest time is only a few cents a pound, and the shrimp hurts farmers. The biggest enlightenment for the industry is that the crayfish industry must take the road of scientific farming, precision shrimp farming, and prawn farming.
2019-2020 Jiangsu Province crayfish pond price comparison
The circulation of the crayfish market has gradually improved: With the expansion of the radiation surface of the crayfish market, in order to meet the needs of cold chain logistics, crayfish trading markets have been built all over the country and cold chain logistics transportation lines have been opened. Among them, Hubei Shrimp Grain Logistics Co., Ltd. has formed a crayfish cold chain logistics system delivered to nearly 500 cities across the country in 8-18 hours, and formulated the "Crayfish Cold Chain Logistics Service Standard" to standardize the operation process of crayfish specifications, packaging, transportation and so on. Through standardized management and operation output, crayfish cold chain logistics in local markets effectively helps both production and marketing parties to reduce costs and improve the freshness of crayfish. National crayfish trading market and cold chain logistics construction: the national crayfish trading, circulation, distribution, warehousing functions in one of the large-scale aquatic market is mainly distributed in the main crayfish production areas, such as Hubei Qianjiang - China Shrimp Valley, Anhui Quanjiao County, Hunan Nan County and other places. Among them, the China Shrimp Valley- Crayfish Trading Center covers an area of 300 mu, has settled nearly 600 merchants, and the transaction volume in 2019 reached 8.1 billion yuan, and the transaction volume in 2020 reached 7.1 billion yuan. Other aquatic markets in the country only retain a single function of the trading business, crayfish cold chain logistics system began to take shape, covering the national production and marketing of fresh logistics enterprises, mainly shrimp grain logistics, Anheng logistics and so on.
shop
Import and export trade of crayfish
The import and export trade of crayfish has both declined sharply: before 2019, the import and export volume and import and export volume of China's crayfish were generally in the rising stage, and reached a high level in 2019. In 2020, affected by the international trade situation, changes in the domestic raw material market, the new crown epidemic and other factors, China's crayfish imports and exports have declined sharply, of which export volume and export volume have reached the lowest level in the past 9 years.
According to China's customs statistics, in 2020, China exported a total of 7740.95 tons of frozen crayfish and related products, a year-on-year decrease of 48.17%, this data is the lowest value in the past 9 years, the first time dropped to less than 10,000 tons; in 2020, the export value was 75.6231 million US dollars, a year-on-year decrease of 54.98%, this data is also the lowest value in the past 9 years, the first time fell to less than 100 million US dollars. In 2020, China imported a total of 3761.97 tons of frozen crayfish and related products, a year-on-year decrease of 27.49%, but still the second highest value in the past 9 years; in 2020, China's crayfish imports were 59.1035 million US dollars, a year-on-year decrease of 25.73%.
Changes in national crayfish import and export data from 2019 to 2020
In 2020, from the perspective of exporting countries and regions, the United States, Sweden, Canada, Taiwan, Singapore, Japan, Hong Kong, etc. are the most important export destinations, and the export volume of China's mainland region to these places has reached more than 100 tons; in 2020, from the perspective of importing countries and regions, Cuba, India, Brazil, Malaysia, Taiwan, and Indonesia are the most important crayfish import channels, and China's mainland region has imported more than 100 tons of crayfish from these places.
five
Crayfish dining situation
General loss of crayfish catering: According to preliminary surveys, the output value of the tertiary industry dominated by catering in 2020 is about 222 billion yuan, a decrease of about 74 billion yuan compared with last year, a year-on-year decrease of about 25%, but the output value of the tertiary industry of crayfish still accounts for 63.59% of its total output value.
According to the survey, in 2019 and before, crayfish consumption was mainly carried out in offline professional crayfish stores and various small and medium-sized restaurants, food stalls, night markets, etc. There are about 41,600 stores nationwide that specialize in crayfish. In 2020, there are 8823 crayfish offline catering stores in Jiangsu Province, with a consumption volume of 70791.6 tons and an output value of 35 billion yuan; there are 103 online e-commerce platforms with a sales output value of 500 million yuan, the entire crayfish catering output value of Jiangsu Province reached 35.5 billion yuan, and the output value of crayfish leisure, festivals and logistics was 5.3 billion yuan, and the total output value of tertiary production was 40.8 billion yuan. For example, Xuyi County, Jiangsu Province, taking advantage of its brand advantages to make the crayfish industry bigger and stronger, has built two crayfish food centers in Xucheng and Maba, more than 1,000 catering shops in the county that specialize in lobster dishes, nearly 100 crayfish series cooking and processing products, and 2,000 Xuyi lobster franchise stores, covering 18 countries in the country and abroad. Another example is the establishment of a crayfish food street in Jinhu County, the county to operate crayfish as a special dish of more than 500 restaurants, Jinhu lobster franchise stores have exceeded more than 3,000, of which Nanjing has more than 500, the average daily sales of lobster 25 tons. Through years of development, Jiangsu Province has formed more than 50 large-scale well-known crayfish catering brands such as Xuyi, Hongtuo, Yu's, Hongfat Fat, Zhuda, Hope, Taiming, Yang's and so on. According to incomplete surveys, there are more than 4,000 crayfish restaurants of various types in Jiangxi Province in 2020, an increase of more than 300 over 2019. Affected by the new crown epidemic, the crayfish catering industry in Jiangxi will have a greater impact in 2020. Before May, the overall consumption of the catering industry fell by 70% compared with the same period last year, and after May, the crayfish catering industry has continued to recover, and it is still down nearly 30% from last year.
The most obvious feature of crayfish consumption in 2020 is the expansion of online consumption and the increasing maturity of takeaway channels. From the end of January to the beginning of March last year, various restaurants were basically shut down; on March 5, the catering industry slowly opened, but the offline consumption of crayfish was still very dismal; even in April and August, when the peak crayfish consumption season was in Season, the transaction volume of crayfish restaurants was still reduced by 20%-30% compared with the same period in 2019. However, the penetration of crayfish into the catering market continues to strengthen, mainly reflected in two aspects: First, the seasoned crayfish products of processing enterprises generally enter fast food, Chinese food and supper stores, becoming one of the dishes, such as canteens, Hunan restaurants, barbecue shops, food stalls, etc.; on the other hand, crayfish are combined with other categories of products to extend a variety of innovative products. Such as shrimp burger, shrimp pizza, crayfish hot pot, grilled tail grilled skewers, shrimp tail noodles, shrimp tail cover rice and so on. Product innovation has promoted the wide application of crayfish products, and also laid the foundation for the long-term development of crayfish products in the catering market.
Crayfish consumption has undergone obvious changes: the epidemic in 2020 has caused many consumers to "lose their pockets", ordinary consumers have entered a rational consumption model, and they tend to consume cautiously or reduce the frequency of consumption of such products for non-rigid high-priced products. Affected by this, the consumption scale of whole shrimp in 2020 is lower than that in 2019, but in the more price-sensitive e-commerce channels and takeaway channels, the popularity of crayfish tail exceeds that of whole-limb shrimp. Although the consumer experience of crayfish tail is not as good as that of whole limb shrimp, the price of shrimp tail is cheaper, so it is more popular with consumers in the consumer market.
Case Study Five
This year, the China Aquatic Products Circulation and Processing Association and the Wuhan University Quality Development Strategy Research Institute investigated the evaluation of consumers on crayfish catering enterprises, and in recent years, the enterprises with high praise for crayfish catering are: Wuhan Liangliang Steamed Shrimp Catering Management Co., Ltd., Zhaoda (Shanghai) Catering Management Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Songge Oil Braised Prawn Catering Management Co., Ltd., Beijing Huda Catering Co., Ltd., Shanghai Rongda Catering Co., Ltd., Wuhan Jianghu Fat Catering Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Humboldt Smart Catering Technology Co., Ltd., Qianjiang Shrimp King Catering Service Co., Ltd., Chengdu Hezhi yaxiang catering management co., LTD., Hunan Fisherman Girl Catering Management Co., Ltd.
In 2020, China's crayfish catering enterprises have received high praise
2020 Crayfish Catering High Praise Enterprise Sales (100 million yuan)
Note: The sales of the above 10 crayfish catering enterprises in 2020 reached 2.596 billion yuan.
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Crayfish e-commerce
Crayfish e-commerce is popular: 2020 is the most extensive year for crayfish to touch the net, and it is also the most prominent year for the Internet achievements in the crayfish industry. Contactless shopping has become the safest and most efficient consumer experience during the pandemic and in the post-pandemic era. In particular, the "e-commerce crayfish" model, while the crayfish industry has been seriously affected by the epidemic, the e-commerce platform has promoted a new round of reshuffle. In previous years, the home of crayfish was offline sales, accounting for 80% of sales, but this year, the opposite is true, crayfish online sales accounted for 80%. The reason for this situation is that the epidemic has forced the surge in online sales, and the user demand has been successfully transferred; Second, the rise of live streaming with goods, many crayfish brands have joined the live broadcast battlefield, which has become an important way for brands to achieve growth after the epidemic. According to relevant data, online sales of crayfish maintain a growth rate of 30%-40% per year, which makes the fresh e-commerce platform see the huge market demand and layout early. In addition to cooperation with processing plants, Ali and other e-commerce platforms have also established direct mining bases with crayfish farmers, and through their national network layout front warehouses, they can provide users with 1-hour home delivery services. In fact, in addition to fresh e-commerce platforms such as Ali, giants such as Suning and JD.com have also laid out around online sales of crayfish. In order to grab the crayfish market, Jingdong has introduced many crayfish head enterprises. On June 1, 2020, the crayfish promotion began, and Jingdong Fresh sold 300,000 crayfish in 1 hour, and the data climbed to 3 million fresh categories throughout the day. Crayfish not only hitched a ride on the e-commerce platform, but also increased the sales of crayfish with live streaming. On April 1, 2020, nearly 500,000 boxes were sold on Luo Yonghao's live debut, equivalent to selling 250 tons of crayfish; On April 6, host Zhu Guangquan and Li Jiaqi appeared in the live broadcast room, and 12,500 copies of crayfish were "not in seconds" after they were on the shelves; On April 21, Hou Yi, president of Hema, visited Weiya's live broadcast room, and all 6 million Hubei crayfish were sold out. "With the entry of more and more e-commerce giants and the help of live streaming with goods, the crayfish industry chain will be further improved and upgraded." The above-mentioned industry insiders said, "Although the crayfish industry has been seriously affected by the epidemic and it will take time to recover to the pre-epidemic level, in the long run, the potential demand in the market is still there, and we should remain optimistic about the future." "In 2020, e-commerce channels sold a large number of seasoned shrimp and crayfish tails. For example, since the second half of 2019, crayfish tail has become a product strongly recommended by the anchors of "live broadcast town" Jiangsu Ganyu Haitou Town, and about 200 tons of crayfish tails sold from Haitou Town every day during the peak period. The popularity of e-commerce has led to a large demand for the processing of seasoned shrimp and crayfish tails, especially the demand for crayfish tails is very large, coupled with the supply of small-sized raw shrimp in the main production areas in 2020 is very sufficient and cheap, and the local governments also support the production of large-scale processing plants of crayfish from the aspects of funds and policies, and the processing plants in Hubei, Anhui, Hunan and other provinces are fully loaded. In 2020, fresh e-commerce and community group buying have achieved breakthrough development. Seasoned quick-frozen crayfish followed the fresh e-commerce and community group purchase channels, began to truly enter thousands of households, and was recognized and accepted by consumers. This has opened up a new situation for the development of the crayfish processing industry and the expansion of crayfish sales channels. It is understood that the crayfish e-commerce in Fujian Province is mainly in the field of circulation and catering takeaway. Fuzhou's local secret takeaway relies on the takeaway platform and has developed to nearly 200 stores across the country. Its popular crayfish, sales in 2020 reached 1500 tons, taking the first place in the country. At 6 yuan per size, it is equivalent to selling 50 million crayfish. There are 1240 crayfish industry e-commerce enterprises in Jiangsu Province, and more than 4,000 crayfish new media e-commerce companies, with an annual sales volume of about 8520.5 tons and an output value of about 516 million yuan.
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Crayfish condiment
Crayfish condiments are emerging: According to surveys, there are nearly 100 large-scale production enterprises of crayfish condiments in the country in 2020. Among them, There are 30 crayfish seasoning scale processing enterprises in Jiangsu Province, with a total output value of about 750 million yuan, taking Xuyi Xuji Flavor Food Development Co., Ltd. as an example, which takes the "Xu Jianzhong" brand series of condiments as the core, with a total of 7 series of products, more than 70 products, and an annual output value of more than 50 million yuan. There are nearly 1,000 condiment enterprises in Fujian Province, and more than 10 large-scale enterprises involving crayfish condiments. Anji Food Co., Ltd. crayfish condiment won the third place in the list of the top ten brands of crayfish seasoning in 2021 selected by the ranking 123 network. There are nearly 10 large-scale processing enterprises for crayfish seasoning products in Hubei Province, of which the sales of crayfish condiments of Angel Yeast Co., Ltd. reached 128 million yuan in 2020; the sales of crayfish condiments of Qianjiang Lobster Dream Food Technology Co., Ltd. reached 0.32 billion yuan in 2020. In 2020 alone, the sales volume of China's crayfish condiments alone reached about 8.707 billion yuan (not included in the total output value).
Case Study 6: This year, the China Aquatic Products Circulation and Processing Association and the Institute of Quality Development Strategy of Wuhan University investigated the 2020 China Crayfish Industry Scale Condiment Enterprises: Yihai (Shanghai) Food Co., Ltd., Sichuan Tianwei Food Group Co., Ltd., Juhui Food Technology (Chongqing) Co., Ltd., Angel Yeast Co., Ltd., Hunan HuiXiangxuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Xuyi Xuji Food Development Co., Ltd., Wuhan Hui Kang Liz Food Co., Ltd., Qianjiang Lobster Dream Food Technology Co., Ltd., Chongqing Food Friends Food Development Co., Ltd., Sichuan JingongChuan Pie Flavor Industry Co., Ltd.
2020 China crayfish condiment scale enterprise survey data
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Crayfish brand building
Crayfish brand building has achieved obvious results: in 2020, 8 national geographical indication certification trademarks and 1 collective trademark of "Xinghua crayfish" such as "Xiangyang Crayfish", "Kaijiang Crayfish", "Huarong Crayfish", "Junshan Crayfish", "Majiadang Crayfish", "Yanjiang Zhonghe Crayfish", "Hanshan Lobster" and "Gongqingcheng Lobster" were added nationwide, of which 2 were added in Jiangsu Province and Hunan Province, 1 was added in Hubei Province, Anhui Province and Jiangxi Province, and 2 were added in Sichuan Province. Sichuan Province is the first province to have a regional public brand of crayfish. By the end of 2020, a total of 7 provinces across the country had created 24 regional public brands of crayfish, an increase of 60% over 2019. The number of regional crayfish brands created in various places is 5 in Jiangsu Province, 4 in Hunan Province, Hubei Province and Anhui Province, 3 in Shandong Province, and 2 in Jiangxi Province and Sichuan Province.
It is estimated that the production of crayfish covered by regional public brands of crayfish in 2020 accounts for about 36.04% of the total production of crayfish, which is 3.65 percentage points more than 32.39% in 2019, an increase of 10%. Among them, in 2020, the proportion of crayfish production covered by regional public brands in various provinces is from Shandong Province, Hunan Province, Jiangsu Province, Hubei Province, Anhui Province, Jiangxi Province and Sichuan Province, and the increase from large to small in 2019 is Hunan Province, Jiangsu Province, Sichuan Province, Jiangxi Province, Anhui Province, Hubei Province and Shandong Province.
Figure 2 Brand value of "Qianjiang Lobster" and "Xuyi Lobster" in 2019-2020
The brand value of "Qianjiang Lobster" and "Xuyi Lobster" continues to increase. In March 2020, the Institute of Quality Development Strategy of Wuhan University, together with the China Trademark Association and Beijing Xiyu Brand Consulting Co., Ltd., developed the regional public brand value evaluation index of crayfish, calculated and released the brand value of "Qianjiang Lobster" in 2020 to 22.79 billion yuan, and the brand value of "Qianjiang Lobster" once again ranked first in China's regional public brand. The China Brand Building Promotion Association released the brand value of "Xuyi Lobster" in 2020 with 20.392 billion yuan.
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Crayfish festival culture
The culture of the crayfish festival has given a new connotation: in 2020, various localities have held various crayfish festivals with distinctive characteristics and rich connotations in combination with beer, music, tourism, etc., to boost the local economy and promote market consumption. According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 40 crayfish festivals at all levels held throughout the country in 2020. Among them, the provinces with a large number of crayfish festivals are Hunan Province, Sichuan Province, Anhui Province, Jiangsu Province and so on. The anti-epidemic theme has become a new element of the 2020 crayfish festival activities, the upper limit of the Hubei (Qianjiang) Lobster Festival sells crayfish products printed with the words "Grateful Shanxi", thanks to the Shanxi Aid E'e Medical Team rushes to aid Qianjiang; The Yangtze Evening News "2020 Cloud Lobster Festival" calls on consumers to "call for love to 'eat' to aid Hubei"; Lu'an Spring Water Lobster Food and Culture Festival invites all medical staff who have returned from Hubei to taste spring water lobsters; full pepper "Aid E's anti-epidemic hero charm full pepper line" The 21 anti-epidemic heroes invited to taste the whole pepper lobster; Chengdu Baijia Market launched a series of activities such as "Helping Hubei's Economy and Eating Chengdu's Contribution".
Figure 3 Crayfish festivals in 2020
Table 3 Summary of crayfish festivals in 2020
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Problems in the development of the crayfish industry in 2020
(1) The guidance of the crayfish industry needs to be further strengthened. At present, the overall preference for the development of crayfish production in China, but there is still blindness in some areas, the slowdown in market expansion, the risk of declining benefits and other problems have gradually emerged, the integration level of the first, second and third industries of the crayfish industry needs to be improved, and the integration of integrated industrial development such as aquaculture, processing, logistics and marketing needs to be strengthened. As a national-level industry association, the China Aquatic Products Circulation and Processing Association has the responsibility and obligation to strengthen the guidance of the crayfish industry.
(2) The crayfish seed industry system needs to be built urgently. The construction of the crayfish seed industry system lags behind the needs of aquaculture development, and the breeding of seedlings mainly relies on the self-breeding and self-breeding of farmers, the germplasm degradation is serious, and the output of fry is unstable, which affects the quality of products and the improvement of breeding efficiency.
(3) The standardization and penetration rate of crayfish farming technology is not enough. At present, the breeding technology is empirical, the breeding method is extensive, the stability of technical performance and the level of benefits of the breeding mode are quite different from region to region, the relevant technical parameters of various breeding modes need to be further quantified, and the standardization level of aquaculture production needs to be improved.
(4) The prevention and control technology of crayfish disease is not perfect. In recent years, crayfish diseases have shown an upward trend, with an increase in disease types, an expansion of the scope of incidence, and an increase in incidence, which has increased losses to farmers and affected the healthy development of the industry; insufficient research on the epidemiology and prevention and control technologies of related diseases; vigilance against quality and safety risks caused by irregular use of fishing drugs.
(5) The scale development of the crayfish processing industry and product research and development are not enough. The vast majority of provinces have few processing leading enterprises, small industrial scale, low proportion of secondary output value in the entire industrial economy, and insufficient support for the development of primary production; few varieties of processed products, low grades, and few new products; insufficient research and development efforts and application promotion of crayfish deep processing.
Proposals for the development of the crayfish industry in 2021
In view of the main problems in the current crayfish industry, five suggestions are proposed:
(1) In order to ensure the sustainable and healthy development of the crayfish industry, the crayfish industry urgently needs correct guidance. China Aquatic Products Circulation and Processing Association as a national industry association, we recommend appropriate control of the growth rate of crayfish farming area, crayfish farming should be "not competing with grain land" to ensure national food security; improve and standardize e-commerce sales, so that crayfish products quickly enter thousands of households; encourage social capital to enter the crayfish industry; through the government to set up a stage, enterprise singing, with enterprises as the main body to make bigger and stronger crayfish festivals and other special promotion activities; to create a regional public brand, enterprise brand and product brand of crayfish into a system Build a number of resorts and scenic spots that integrate crayfish farming, tourism, leisure, catering and cultural functions; encourage leading crayfish enterprises to integrate the development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries.
(2) Accelerate the selection and breeding of crayfish seeds. Promote the construction of a crayfish breeding system to achieve accurate seed supply. In view of the problems of parental degradation and uneven quality of seedlings, we vigorously promote the breeding and zoning breeding technology model to achieve localization and precision of seed production. Cultivate large-scale crayfish seed production enterprises, build a commercial breeding system with enterprises as the main body, and select excellent varieties of crayfish with independent intellectual property rights selected by the joint research institute of enterprises to accelerate the improvement of the independent research and development and supply capabilities of crayfish seeds.
(3) Vigorously promote the scientific breeding technology of crayfish. Vigorously promote standardized breeding technology, realize "breeding separation, precision breeding", and improve the yield and specifications of crayfish farming. Extend the chain of rice and shrimp farming, implement the integration of shrimp and rice-rice co-cultivation and rice-fishery symbiosis, make full use of rice field spatio-temporal resources, improve the index of multiple seeds, promote balanced listing, reduce breeding risks, and increase the efficiency of breeding.
(4) Improve the disease prevention and control system. Strengthen disease monitoring and prevention and control, improve epidemic emergency plans, accelerate disease prevention and control science and technology research and development and technology promotion; strengthen quality and safety supervision, strictly prohibit or reduce the use of pesticides and fertilizers, strictly prohibit the use of non-drugs, and scientifically and rationally use related drugs.
(5) Accelerate the development of the crayfish processing industry. Accelerate the upgrading of crayfish processing equipment, promote the automatic intelligent production line of crayfish, and make processing enterprises become the "stabilizer" of the development of the crayfish industry; strengthen the research on key technologies for the quality control of crayfish processing, and vigorously develop ready-to-eat flavor crayfish products and sales; accelerate the research and development of deep processing technology, increase the comprehensive utilization of by-products, and continuously expand to agriculture, medicine, chemical industry, environmental protection and other fields; guide enterprises to implement HACCP and other international food quality management system certification Support leading enterprises to create environment-friendly processing enterprises; strictly implement the discharge of production wastewater to improve the quality and safety of crayfish products.
Written by:
Zhang Yuanhua China Aquatic Products Circulation and Processing Association
Huang Mingxiang China Aquaculture Network
Acknowledgements:
Hubei Provincial Aquatic Technology Promotion Station
Anhui Provincial Aquatic Technology Promotion Station
Hunan Institute of Fishery Sciences
Jiangsu Fishery Technology Extension Center
Jiangxi Provincial Aquatic Technology Extension Station
Henan Provincial Aquatic Technology Promotion Station
Shandong Fishery Technology Extension Station
Sichuan Aquatic Technology Promotion Station
Zhejiang Provincial Aquatic Technology Promotion Station
Chongqing Aquatic Technology Promotion Station
Guizhou Provincial Aquatic Technology Promotion Station
Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Aquatic Technology Extension Station
Fujian Aquatic Technology Promotion Station
Shaanxi Provincial Aquatic Products Research and Technology Promotion Station
Heilongjiang Provincial Aquatic Technology Promotion Station
Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Aquatic Technology Promotion Station