Longyang District is a provincial-level historical and cultural city in Yunnan, and the richness of historical and cultural connotations is self-evident. The world-famous Qing Dynasty Islamic scholar Ma Zhu was born and returned to his true life here. "Ci Hai" is the most authoritative tool book in China, and there is a character of Ma Zhu on it.
Ma Zhu (1640–1711) was the founder of the Chinese translation of Islamic scriptures. He claimed to be a descendant of Muhammad 45 and the 15th grandson of the famous Politician of the Yuan Dynasty, Yunnan Pingzhang, Sai Dian chi Zhan Si Ding. Ma Zhu was diligent and studious since childhood, and at the age of 16 he was a middle talent, and at the age of 18, he served in the small imperial court of the Yongli Emperor of the Southern Ming Dynasty. After the Southern Ming regime disintegrated the Qing army and entered Yunnan, he "taught reading in the shadows, cultivated and ate by himself", and studied Confucianism and Buddhism. In the fourth year of the Qing Kangxi Dynasty (1665), he wrote two anthologies, the Jingquan Collection and the Records of the Tree. In the eighth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1669), due to political turmoil, Ma Zhu left Baoshan Beijing and began to study Arabic and Persian, specializing in Islamic scriptures and teachings, and exchanging teachings with Islamic scholars in Beijing at that time. After returning to Dian, he taught the "Study of The Mind" to the disciples of the Sect, and the followers became more and more numerous.
Ma Zhu spent several years immersed himself in the study of Islamic teachings. In the twenty-second year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1683), he compiled the results of his research into a book entitled "Guide to the Halal" and presented it to the imperial court for the emperor's imperial review, but without success. In the twenty-third year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1684), he left Beijing, conducted inspections through various provinces, made friends with scribes from all over the country, and set up accounts to give lectures. Upon returning home, the Halal Guidelines were further revised to make them more perfect.
Ma Zhu was one of the founders of the Chinese system of Islamic thought. The content of the "Guide to Halal" written by him is magnificent, "The upper is poor and the most is created, the middle is full of self-cultivation, and the last words are said in the hereafter." The secret of heaven and earth, the principle of life, the theory of death and life, are not too big and small. The content covers the history, teachings, teachings, philosophy, astronomy, legends and so on of Islam. He used the principles of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism to interpret the "Guide to Halal", which greatly enriched the content of the book. Ma Zhu repeatedly presented his writings, family lineage, and views on the role that Islam might play in rectifying the hearts and minds of the people in the world and in the process of indoctrination, in order to rely on the power of the imperial court to promote the spread of Islam in China. Although unsuccessful, because of his promotion and efforts, the influence of Islam at home and abroad greatly exceeded the influence of the emperor's reading. Many successful and insightful people among the Hui people in China have read the "Halal Guide" and have achieved success.
In the 1930s, the British missionary Bi Jingshi received a photograph of Ma Zhu's tomb and sent it to the Harvard University Archives in the United States as a cultural relic. However, because he did not carefully understand the provenance of the photograph, it was published in the February 2006 magazine "Chinese Muslim" magazine, which led to a misinformation that Ma Zhu's tomb was in Weishan XiaoweiGeng. The owner of the photo, Ma Shizhen (a native of Changning, Baoshan), was teaching at the Weishan Yanqi Factory Zhong'a Wen School when he presented the photo (the school was originally run in the Zhao Jia Street Mosque in Baoshan City, which was opened by the Baoshan Muslims who invited Dali Najia Ying Na Runzhang to come and open it). On May 4, 1942, Baoshan City was bombed by Japanese aircraft, and the school moved to Yiyu Village at the foot of Xishan Mountain, 5 kilometers away from the city, for two years, and then moved to Weishan Yanqi Factory, and the school has trained countless Hui talents.
Ma Zhu was buried in his hometown when he returned to Baoshan from Weishan to visit his family. The author has seen this photo on the Internet, and after careful identification, the surrounding environment of the tomb is a certain place on the north side of baoshan dam. It can also be confirmed by watching the Taibao Mountain Wangcheng Tower in Baoshan City. Shali Bin Wusuo of Yiyu Village is a small Weishan man, and he also proves that he has never heard of a ma zhu tomb in Weishan in his hometown. 10 years ago, the author went to Yangliu Township, Longyang District, where the Hui lived hundreds of years ago, to interview Misong Mountain, and saw that the Hui tombs of the two tombs more than a hundred years ago had the same regulations as the photos of Ma Zhu's tombs. This is enough to show that the tomb of Ma Zhu in the photo is in Baoshan.
In 2009, Muslims from Baoshan Yiyu Village approached me and said that Ma Zhu was from the village and that there was his tomb near the village. The author rushed to investigate. In Majiazhuang, a mile away from Yi domain village, I saw the tomb of Ma Zhu, which had no sealed soil and no marks, and was only known after being pointed out by the people of Yi Domain Village, I couldn't help but feel a thousand emotions. Asking why this is the tomb of Ma Zhu, the Hui people of Yizhu Village have to go here every year to chant and walk the grave during the Eid al-Fitr Festival, which has been followed for countless generations, even if the Custom of the Hui people walking on the tomb on the Eid al-Fitr during the "Cultural Revolution" is regarded as a feudal superstition, the Hui people in Yizu Village will secretly come in the middle of the night to chant the sutra for this old Baba (the honorific name for a virtuous and knowledgeable person among the Hui people). Speaking of the discovery of Ma Zhu's tomb, we also have to thank Ding Hongjun, a cultural person from Yiyu Village, and Wusuo Shalibin, a young man invited from Weishan. In 2009, the Hui people of Yizuo Village demolished the old mosque and rebuilt the new mosque, which cost about 800,000 yuan, which is too difficult for Yizu Village, which has only 30 Hui households and more than 190 people. Therefore, the Hui people of Yiyu Village thought of learning from the practice of building mosques by Muslims from other places and donating merit to Muslims throughout the province. Because of the influence of the scholar Ma Zhu, the construction of the mosque has received the support of relevant departments and the attention of scholars inside and outside the province, And Ma Kaixian, president of the Yunnan Provincial Islamic Association, who has studied Ma Zhu's "Halal Guide", And Gao Fayuan, president of the China Hui Studies Association and the Yunnan Hui Studies Association, and Gao Fayuan, the director of YunDa, were extremely excited to learn of this news. After the tomb was completed, the CppcC Longyang District invited experts and scholars from inside and outside the province to hold a seminar on Ma Zhu culture in Baoshan.
Source: Baoshan Daily
Original title: Western Yunnan Hui Ancestor Ma Note
Editor: The City Times pays a little attention to Hu Nan
Review: Zhu Xiaohan