As we all know, the July 7 Incident opened the prelude to the all-out War of Resistance, the Chinese nation has since begun the arduous road of resistance, and countless revolutionary martyrs have shed the last drop of blood for China in order to resist the Japanese and Kosovo, and have long been buried under this beloved hot land. In the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the first senior general to be martyred was General Tong Linge, and when the Japanese army attacked the Lugou Bridge in a big way, it was he who issued an "oath to coexist and die with the Lugou Bridge, and not to take a step back!" He said to the soldiers, "If the Central Committee gives orders to resist Japan, if I do not take the lead in the battle, the king and others can goug out my eyes and cut off my ears!" One sentence showed the iron-blooded pride of General Tong Linge.
Tong Lin Pavilion
Tong Linge was born on October 29, 1892 in Gaoyang County, Hebei Province, to a peasant family, and since he was a child, he studied with his uncle in a private school, he was familiar with the Four Books and Five Classics, and had a deep understanding of the Confucian way of loyalty and filial piety.
Four Books and Five Classics
In 1900, in the name of suppressing the Boxer Rebellion, the Eight-Power Alliance launched a war of aggression against the Manchu Qing Dynasty, where they went, they did nothing wrong, burning and looting everywhere, and Tong Linge's hometown of Gaoyang County was also tragically invaded by the Japanese army in the Eight-Nation Alliance. 8-year-old Tong Linge witnessed all this, gritted his teeth in hatred for the atrocities of the devils, and secretly vowed in his heart that he must change the status quo of this humiliation.
The Eight-Power Alliance's invasion of China
In November 1911, after the outbreak of the Xinhai Revolution, various localities responded one after another, and an anti-Qing uprising initiated by Feng Yuxiang and others also broke out in Luanzhou, Hebei Province. Tong Linge has always admired Feng Yuxiang's patriotic enthusiasm, so he resolutely decided to throw himself into the pen and follow Feng Yuxiang to open his own road of rong.
Feng Yuxiang
Soon, Tong Linge, who was full of poetry, showed his military talent and became a famous "Confucian general" in the Northwest Army, known as one of Feng Yuxiang's "Thirteen Taibao", he followed Feng Yuxiang in the southern conquest of the northern war, performed very well in the previous Zhifeng Wars, led the army with strict military discipline and strong combat effectiveness, and the generals of the whole army praised Tong Linge as a righteous gentleman and respected him very much.
9/18 Incident
On September 18, 1931, the Japanese brazenly launched the "918 Incident" and invaded and occupied northeast China. Only a year later, when the Japanese had long looked forward to Shu and extended their claws to northern China, Tong Linge was invited by Song Zheyuan, commander of the 29th Army, to serve as the police chief of Chahar Province and the director of the Zhangjiakou Public Security Bureau.
The Great Wall Resistance
On New Year's Day 1933, the Japanese Kwantung Army launched an invasion of Shanhaiguan, which also opened the prelude to the Great Wall War of Resistance. In March of that year, after the Japanese army captured Rehe Province, it pushed its forces near various passes along the Great Wall, and in the face of such a critical situation, the 29th Army was ordered to guard the Xifeng Pass. Xifengkou is located on the Great Wall of Jidong, beyond the pass is the towering mountains, the terrain is dangerous, is the traffic throat of Beiping and Rehe, if this place is lost, the Japanese take Peiping is like probing for things, the consequences are unimaginable.
Zhao Dengyu
On March 10, the Japanese used their own aircraft and artillery to launch a fierce bombardment of Xifengkou and the two wings of the position, in an attempt to take the position in one fell swoop. Although the 29th Army was poorly equipped, Zhao Dengyu, commander of the 109th Brigade, led his troops and friendly troops to kill the enemy bravely, stubbornly resisted the Powerful Japanese Army, and tried to ensure that the position was not lost.
Song Zheyuan
On the same day, the main force of the 29th Army had reached Zunhua City, in order to seize the initiative of the war and eliminate these hateful devils, Song Zheyuan, commander of the 29th Army, immediately decided to carry out a night attack on the Japanese army. At that time, the 29th Army's weapons and equipment were very poor, and even each soldier could not do a rifle, so how could this be carried out in a night attack? At this time, Song Zheyuan thought of the big knife, a traditional Chinese weapon.
Song Zheyuan's handwriting
Originally, at the beginning of its establishment, the 29th Army, which originally belonged to the Northwest Army, because the expansion of the troops was extremely fast, weapons and ammunition were also very scarce, so basically everyone had a large knife and often practiced. These large knives have long handles and wide blades, making it easy to slash and kill enemies. Moreover, in order to exert the power of the big knife at that time, Tong Linge also specially invited Li Yaochen, a martial arts master at that time, to come to the army as a martial arts instructor, and formulated a set of "Wuji Sword Methods", the movements were simple and concise, the big split was slashed, the speed was fierce, and it was simply appropriate to carry out night attacks with a large knife carrying a light hand.
Master of Guoshu Li Yaochen
On the night of March 11, the death squad was armed with a large knife, led by Zhao Dengyu, the commander of the 109th Brigade, and the soldiers attacked the Japanese army in two ways, the left wing of the big knife team went straight to the vicinity of Sanjiazi, Houjianzi, and Xiaoxifengkou, and the right wing of the large knife team came out of the Iron Gate Pass, through the area of Gunling, Breaking into Wangtai to Baitaizi and Jingyu, attacking the Japanese artillery positions.
29th Army Knife Brigade
That night, a full moon shone high, and the moonlight shone on the large sword that was dangling brightly, making it even more cold to the bone, and the warriors vowed to repay the hatred of the country and the family with the blood of the devil. After quietly touching the devil's sentry, the big knife team rushed into the devil's camp with a large knife, picked up the big knife and slashed it. At that time, many devils were still asleep, and many devils were still dreaming. The awakened devils were frightened, and although some of the brave devils tried to fight with the members of the big knife team, we preemptively attacked and did not give them the opportunity to fight back.
Schematic diagram of the night attack at Xifengkou
After the First World War, the night raid team successively captured the strongholds of more than a dozen devils, destroyed the enemy's artillery positions, and also killed five or six hundred devils, destroyed a large number of the enemy's artillery, armored vehicles, etc., and captured more than 20 machine guns, which can be described as a complete victory.
After this, many Japanese people had palpitations when they heard about the big knife team of the 29th Army, they thought that if their heads were cut off, they would become a ghost and could not return to their hometown, so many frightened devils also made a thick canvas bib neck and wore it around their necks when they slept to prevent their heads from being cut off.
Fierce fighting on the Great Wall
In order to retaliate against the sharp counterattack of the 29th Army, under the cover of aircraft and artillery, the Japanese army constantly launched a charge against the position, and the soldiers of the 29th Army bravely resisted, and the battle situation was very glued, and the situation of "white blades touching each other, bloody battles all day long" often occurred, because hand-to-hand combat was extremely fierce, and many positions were stained red by the red blood of the soldiers. Under the insistence of the 29th Army, the devils have never been able to move forward, and even lost many positions.
Shang Zhen
By April, the devils could only helplessly shift the direction of the attack and attack shangzhen's 23rd Army. On April 13, although the 29th Army repelled several more attacks by the Devils after a bloody battle, the 29th Army was already suffering from the enemy on its backs, isolated and helpless, and even its positions were destroyed under the japanese artillery fire, and could only retreat in tears on the same day.
Map of the original Chahar
By May 1933, the Japanese had begun to invade and occupy parts of Chahar. Tong Linge actively responded to Feng Yuxiang's armed anti-Japanese telegram, joined the Chahar Anti-Japanese Allied Army led by Feng Yuxiang, and made up his mind to recover the lost land and defend China's great rivers and mountains. But to make the Dragon City fly will be, not called Humadu Yin Mountain. ”
Wang Changling's "Out of the Plug"
In June 1933, Tong Linge and more than 20 other generals, including famous patriotic generals Ji Hongchang and Fang Zhenwu, led the anti-Japanese allied army north to resist the Japanese, and in a month's time, they successively recovered Kangbao, Guyuan, Baochang, Duolun and other places. However, Chiang Kai-shek, who has always advocated that "foreign countries must first be at home," went so far as to order that they should not fight against Japan, which not only limited the military supplies of the anti-Japanese allied forces, but even imposed military oppression on the Japanese allies, and the anti-Japanese allies were forced to withdraw from Zhangjiakou. This greatly disappointed Tong Linge, and at such a moment of national calamity, Chiang Kai-shek was still bent on engaging in civil war. An enraged Tong Linge resigned from all his positions and retired to Xiangshan for two years.
Chiang Kai-shek
In December 1935, at the repeated invitation of Song Zheyuan, Tong Linge returned to the mountains and served as the deputy commander of the 29th Army, presiding over the daily military affairs of the 29th Army. At that time, the wolf ambitions of the Japanese army had been exposed, they continued to encroach on the land of North China, and they also looked at the head city of North China, Beiping, which was only left with the Lugou Bridge in the southwest direction and garrisoned by the 37th Division of the 29th Army.
Tong Linge, who was in danger, naturally knew about the japanese conspiracy, and he took the anti-Japanese and national salvation as his mission, and actively discussed anti-Japanese countermeasures with other generals. In order to strengthen the soldiers' determination to resist Japan, Tong Linge said loudly when he lectured the generals of the 29th Army: "If the central authorities order the anti-Japanese resistance, if Linge does not take the lead in the army, the jun and others can go to Tiananmen Square, dig out my eyes twice, and cut off my ears twice!" Such a powerful language shows the iron bones of Chinese.
On the night of July 7, 1937, a large number of Japanese troops gathered near the Lugou Bridge, and they used the disappearance of a soldier as an excuse to ask to enter Wanping County through the Lugou Bridge to search, this unreasonable request was naturally rejected by the 29th Army, and the Japanese army immediately launched an attack on the Chinese defenders, and the Lugou Bridge Incident broke out.
Oil painting "Lugou Bridge Incident"
When Tong Linge learned of this news, he immediately held a military conference, at which time many generals could not understand the intentions of the Japanese army and had been hesitant to decide whether the Japanese army was "fighting or peace". At this time, Tong Linge spoke, and he said generously: "The sino-Japanese war is inevitable. When the Japanese invaded, my generation bore the brunt of it. The war dead are glorious, the thieves are humiliated, and the honor and disgrace are lighter than those of one person, but those who are tied to the country and the nation are heavy. When the country is in difficulty, soldiers should wrap their bodies in Ma Ge and repay the country with death. Such passionate words ignited the blood of all the generals, and they decided to annihilate the invading Japanese.
Lugou Bridge Incident
Subsequently, Tong Linge issued an order to all the officers and men of the army: If there is an invasion by the Japanese army, resolutely resist, and vow to coexist and die with the Lugou Bridge, and not to take a step back. Under the inspiration of this spirit of seeing death as a homecoming, the officers and men of the 29th Army all struggled to resist the Japanese invasion, and their three armies braved the powerful firepower of the Japanese army to fight bravely against the Japanese army.
General Tong Linge
At that time, Tong Linge's father was seriously ill, and the family came many times to let Tong Linge go home to see his father for the last time, however, the war was tense, Tong Linge was completely unable to pull away, and he tearfully let people talk back to his wife: "At the moment of the great enemy, when this move is filial piety and loyalty, I can't personally serve the soup medicine, please do it on your behalf." Since ancient loyalty and filial piety, although Tong Linge did not accompany his father in his last time, this feat maintained the great righteousness of the nation.
Tong Linge family
At noon on July 8, under the cover of artillery, the Japanese army launched two general attacks on lugou bridge and took lugou bridge station. Soon after, a charge was launched from the east bank of the Yongding River to the west bank in an attempt to capture the Lugou Bridge to control the Beijing-Hankou Railway, at this time, a regiment of the 37th Division of the 29th Army immediately sent a death squad to meet the Japanese army with a large knife, and the 29th Army shouted the slogan of "It is better to be a ghost in battle than a slave to the country", and rushed to the devils with red eyes.
Heroically fight against the Japanese
From July 8 to 11, the 29th Army fought a bloody battle with the Japanese army on the Position of Lugou Bridge, and the Dawangmiao Position was lost three times, however, the Chinese army never gave up, and each time it lost its position, the Big Knife Team launched a charge and retaken the position again. In the repeated battle for positions, the Japanese squadron leader Ichiki Kiyono was hacked to death by the large knife team sent by the 29th Regiment of the 110th Brigade, and the damage of the 29th Army was not light, and the battalion commander of the 29th Regiment, Jin Zhenzhong, was also seriously wounded.
Jin Zhenzhong
At that time, the musician Mai Xin heard about the deeds of the big knife team, and was also infected by the heroic feelings of the soldiers, and created the famous "Big Knife March" to encourage the soldiers to kill the enemy in blood, which became the most typical tone of the era at the beginning of the all-out War of Resistance Against Japan, and is still one of the most popular anti-Japanese songs.
"The Great Knife March" Mai Xin's handwriting
On July 14, the Japanese army, reinforced by three divisions, had surrounded Beiping City and sent troops to attack Nanyuan, which was guarded by Tong Linge. Tong Linge had already made defensive preparations, and he personally came to the front line to command his troops to fight against the Japanese. The Japanese army thought that it had the support of aircraft and artillery, and it was easy to take Peiping, so it was very arrogant. Tong Linge commanded a small force to attack decisively, repelled the Japanese attack, and achieved a small victory in the battle. After that, Tong Linge organized commanders to sum up combat experience and encourage and mobilize the vast number of officers and men. The officers and men of the entire 29th Army, inspired by the anti-Japanese voices of the whole country, had a high morale and sent a telegram to the whole country saying that "it is indispensable to defend the national territory; generosity is righteous, and it is natural."
On July 28, the Japanese army mobilized more than 30 aircraft and dozens of artillery pieces to indiscriminately bombard the positions of the 29th Army, and the positions were suddenly in a sea of fire, and the contact between the various units was also cut off. At that time, because the Nationalist government was slow to send reinforcements, only the 29th Army and about 8,000 patriotic students guarded Nanyuan, who had no advanced weapons and only fought with the enthusiasm in their hearts and the large number of advanced Japanese troops. The position was lost, and the warriors charged with flesh and blood to retake the position; the troops in the front were exhausted, and the troops in the back were replenished, plugging the gap with their lives.
A fierce white-knife battle
In the fierce battle, Tong Linge's right leg was swept by the Japanese machine guns, and suddenly the blood flowed, he even had a very difficult time moving, and his subordinates advised him to retreat and bandage, however, Tong Linge said: "The situation is urgent, the resistance to the enemy is big, and the personal safety is small!" "Resolutely throw yourself into the command of the battle." With tears in their eyes, the subordinates roared angrily and rushed to the enemy, killing the devils.
Fierce battle with the Japanese army
The fierce battle lasted from dawn to noon, when the enemy's planes came to bomb again, tong Linge, who was wounded in battle, was hit in the head by a criminal shrapnel, and the blood stained the battlefield, and he was martyred, when he was only 45 years old, and he fulfilled his oath of revenge with death with a loyal body.
Statue of Tong Linge
Upon hearing the news of Tong Linge's martyrdom, Feng Yuxiang cried so much that he could not help himself, and he sadly wrote a poem "Hanging Tong Zhao" to mourn the sacrifice of Tong Linge and General Zhao Dengyu. On July 31, 1937, the Nationalist government issued a commendation order, posthumously awarding Tong Linge as a general in the army, and his life deeds were announced to the History Museum to show loyalty.
Tomb of General Tong Linge
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, on April 5, 1946, at the Babaoshan Martyrs' Shrine in Beiping, all walks of life in Beiping City solemnly held a ceremony to enshrine the two generals Tong Linge and Zhao Dengyu, and renamed the Nangou Along the Tong Linge Road, which has been preserved to this day. In this way, the people commemorate this noble soldier who sacrificed his life for the country, and it is precisely because they defended the country with the sentiment of "I recommend Xuanyuan with my blood" that they have exchanged for today's happy life, and the heroes of the War of Resistance will never die!
Tong Linge Road
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