Ying County
Ying County is located in the north of Shanxi Province, in the east of Shuozhou City, with an area of 1,667 square kilometers, jurisdiction over 3 towns and 9 townships, and a population of 300,000 (2012). The county government is located in Jincheng Town. Spanning between 112°58'-113°37' east longitude and 39°17'-39°45' north latitude, the county plan is parallelogram. It is bordered by Hunyuan County to the east, Shanyin County to the west, Huairen City to the north, and Fanzhi County and Dai County to the south. It belongs to the northern temperate continental climate, affected by the monsoon, the four seasons are distinct, the average annual temperature is about 7 °C, and the annual rainfall is 360 mm. The first frost period is in late September, and the frost-free period is 100 to 140 days.
In the northern part of the county seat of Ying County, there is a world-famous wooden pagoda. Yingxian Wooden Pagoda is also called Buddha Palace Temple Shakya Pagoda. It and the Eiffel Tower, the Leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy and called the world's three major chi towers.
In October 2017, it was named the National Garden County by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development.
Chinese name
Foreign language name
Yingxian
Borough categories
county
Region
North China
Institutional history
Origin of the name
According to the "Ying Zhou Continuation Chronicle", the dragon head in the territory, the Yanmen Ershan corresponding to the north and south, the city should be named in between.
History
The Warring States are Zhao Di,
Qin belongs to Yanmen County.
The Western Han Dynasty placed Juyang County and Li County, both of which belonged to Yanmen County.
The new Mang changed the drama Yang to Shanyang, and the Eastern Han Dynasty restored the old.
After the abolition of Li County, the Jin Dynasty abolished Juyang County.
At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Jincheng County was established, so it was 5 kilometers east of the present-day City Pass, and later moved to rule Tianwang Village, which is now Chengguan, and in Jincheng County, it was placed in Ying Prefecture, and the county belonged to it. According to the "Ying Zhou Continuation Chronicle", the dragon head in the territory, the Yanmen Ershan corresponding to the north and south, the city should be named in between. Later, in the first year of Tang Tiancheng (926), he placed the Zhangguo army in Yingzhou. Later Jin Tianfu entered the Liao dynasty in the first year (936) and belonged to Xijing Province. Song belongs to Yunzhong Road.
Metal Xijing Road.
Yuan belongs to Datong Road.
In the eighth year of Ming Hongwu (1375), Jincheng County was abolished and incorporated into Ying Prefecture, which belonged to Datong Province. Clear the way.
In the early years of the Republic of China, the prefecture was changed to a county, which belonged to Yanmen Road, and was directly subordinate to the province after the abolition of the road.
In 1948 it belonged to Chahar Province.
In 1952, it returned to Shanxi Province.
In August 1993, it was transferred to the jurisdiction of Shuozhou City, Shanxi Province.
In 2001, Beicaoshan Township was merged into Nanhezhong Township, Bianyao Township was merged into Yijing Township, Daying Township was merged into Zangzhai Township, Beiloukou Township was merged into Da linhe Township, Santiaoling Township and Shuangqianshu Township were merged into Baima Shi Township, Lishuping Township was merged into Nanquan Township and Xiamayu Township, and Chengguan Town was renamed Jincheng Town. After the adjustment of the zoning, the county has jurisdiction over 3 towns and 9 townships: Jincheng Town, Nanhezhuang Town, Xiashe Town, Zhenziliang Township, Yijing Township, Zangzhai Township, Dahuangwei Township, Xingzhai Township, Xiamayu Township, Nanquan Township, Dalinhe Township, and Baimashi Township.
Geographical environment
location
Spanning between 112°58'-113°37' east longitude and 39°17'-39°45' north latitude, the county plan is parallelogram. It is bordered by Hunyuan County to the east, Shanyin County to the west, Huairen City to the north, and Fanzhi County and Dai County to the south.
landform
Located in the middle reaches of the Sanggan River, the southern end of the Datong Basin, the southern Ganges Mountain Range, is the watershed of the Sanggan River and the Tuotuo River, the mountain is steep, the vegetation is sparse, and the general altitude is between 1000 meters and 2300 meters. Famous peaks include Woyang Farm, Running Horse Liang, Guandi Temple Liang, Yingjia Liang, etc., of which The Woyang Farm is the highest, with an altitude of 2333 meters. The northeast and northwest are loess hilly areas. The rest are in the Pingchuan District and are part of the Datong Basin. The river canals in the basin are longitudinal and easy to irrigate, but there are small areas of saline and alkali deserts in the low-lying areas.
hydrology
The main rivers are the Sanggan River, the Hun River, the Huangshui River, the Papaya River and so on.
climate
The climate in Yingxian county is cold, with an average annual temperature of about 7 °C, -9 °C to 10 °C in January, and 23 °C to 24 °C in July. The annual precipitation is 360 mm. The first frost period is in late September, and the frost-free period is 100 to 140 days.
natural resources
land resources
YingXian has a total land area of 2.561 million mu, of which 1.163 million mu of agricultural land (820,000 mu of basic farmland), 162,000 mu of astragalus land, 237,000 mu of forest land, 10,000 mu of orchards, 420,000 mu of pasture land, 150,000 mu of water area, 100,000 mu of construction land, and 319,000 mu of unused land (including saline-alkali soil ditches, rocky bare mountains, wastelands, and tidal flats). At the end of 1999, the per capita occupancy of arable land was 3.4 mu.
Half-winged
mineral resources
There is no coal in YingXian County, and more than 20 kinds of mineral resources have been discovered, including quartz, iron, zeolite, coal, zirconium, etc., mainly in the South Mountain Range. Gold mines and sand gold mines are initially estimated to have a reserve of about 1 ton. The thickness of the hematite body is about 3 meters, and the maximum grade is 58.2%. The reserves of iron are 4 million tons, the reserves of silver ore are about 800 tons, the reserves of copper ore are about 900 tons, the reserves of rare earth metal ore are more than 50,000 tons, and the total reserves of rare earths are 298 tons. Non-metallic ore quartz stone is pure white, contains more than 98% silicon, and is easy to mine reserves of 5 million tons. Limestone has a calcium oxide content of 54% and reserves of 80 million tons. Porcelain white ore reserves of 20 million tons, feldspar reserves of 220,000 tons, zeolite reserves of 10 million, granite, diabase, basalt texture hard, good color, large block, easy to mine, the total reserves of 100 million cubic meters, is a good raw material for processing stone plate, has broad development prospects.
Animal resources
There are 54 species of wild animals in Ying County. Mammals include gray wolves, sand foxes, pig badgers, golden leopards, etc., and herbivores include roe deer, hares, and rats. Birds include pheasants, stone chickens, half-winged, owls, woodpeckers, sparrows, pigeons and so on.
Plant resources
The main food crops in YingXian are wheat, corn, millet, beans, potatoes, barley, sorghum and so on. The main cash crops are sugar beets, sunflowers, castor, flax, yellow mustard, melons and various vegetables. The tree species in Hirakawa mainly include poplar trees, willow trees, and locusts, and there are North China spruce, larch, sassafras pine, oil pine and so on. The main economic forests are apricots, apples, and plum trees. There are 275 species of natural weed flowers. There are more than ten kinds of wild medicinal herbs such as astragalus, licorice, goji berries, chai hu, zhen gong, cangshu, yuanzhi, etc., and 74 kinds of various flowers. The specialty of authentic astragalus has a long and smooth, light and fine skin, small hollow, large powder, excellent texture, enjoys a high reputation at home and abroad, is the treatment of various cancers of health care drugs, the annual output of 300,000 kilograms, sold to Southeast Asia, Western Europe and other 30 countries.
water resources
The total amount of water resources in YingXian is 150 million cubic meters, the per capita water resources are 564 cubic meters, and the average share per mu is 183 cubic meters. The total flow of surface water in the county is 0.6 billion cubic meters, and the amount of groundwater that can be recovered is 0.9 billion cubic meters. Since the 1970s, due to the decrease in rainfall year by year, the county's surface runoff, groundwater resources, clear water flow at the mouth, and reservoir storage have also decreased accordingly.
Social undertakings
Literary and artistic careers
At the end of 1999, there were 11 literary and artistic performance teams in the county, one standard cultural center and one library. The comprehensive population coverage rate of radio and television has reached 80%, of which 70 villages in 13 townships and towns have opened cable TV and broadcast 15 sets of programs. It was named by the provincial government as an advanced county in all small cultures.
North Road Pole
Education
In 2010, Yingxian No.1 Middle School successfully passed the re-evaluation and acceptance of the provincial demonstration high school and stepped into the ranks of the demonstration high school in Shanxi Province. The score of the college entrance examination has also been greatly improved, the number of applicants is 3766, 694 candidates who have reached the first and second lines, and the total number of candidates who have reached the line has increased by 139 compared with 555 in 2009, and the total line rate is 18.43%, an increase of 5.31% over 2009. Founded in 1952, Yingxian No.1 Middle School is one of the first batch of key middle schools in Shanxi Province.
Medical business
In 2010, the renovation and upgrading of 100 village clinics and the construction of 40 new village clinics with an investment of 1.6 million yuan and a construction area of 2,400 square meters in the national bond project were completed, and the preliminary preparations for the new county people's hospital with an investment of 100 million yuan and a construction area of 32,000 square meters were completed. The subsidy of 400 yuan per person for village doctors has been fully disbursed in the first half of 2010. The three-level compliance rate of county, township and village medical and health institutions was 93%, the compliance rate at the county level was 100%, the compliance rate of 11 township health centers was 92%, and the compliance rate of 261 village clinics was 87%.
social security
In 2010, the number of people insured by social insurance was 85,696, and the number of people living in rural areas over 65 years old was 28,225; the number of urban minimum insurance, rural minimum insurance, and five insurance security was 33,085; the number of new rural cooperatives was 238283; the housing subsidy for urban low-income families was 3,000, and the number of employees participating in medical assistance for serious diseases was more than 6,000, which achieved basic and wide coverage.
Transportation
The traffic is mainly based on highways, and the provincial trunk roads such as Shanyin to Ying County, Ying County to Zuoyun, Ying County to Huairen, and Ying County to Shahe constitute the skeleton of the county's transportation network. In addition, there are a number of county, township-level roads, simple roads and large car roads, connecting the townships and villages in the county.
Folklore
There are many kinds of dances in Ying County, such as stilts, wrestlers, stilts, car lights, dragon lights, waist drums, etc. are worth appreciating, and the local dramas of Ying County, duo tai, playing children, Luo Luo cavity, etc. are all very local characteristics.
stilt
Stilts in Ying County has formed very different style characteristics from other places, Ying Xian stilts are known for their fastness, cleverness and beauty, generally performed by more than 20 people, the stilts are about one meter high, playing "Send Sister", "Broken Bridge", "Killing Mountain", "Three Dozen White Bone Essence" and other opera stories. In the form of running double doors, large crosses, octagonal towers, etc., in the step supply and formation is simpler than the song, but good stilts also have a larger range of actions, such as driving posts and other village stilts can do forks, lower waist, jump high tables and other high difficulty actions.
Beilu Zizi is one of the four major zi in Shanxi, which was formed around the late Ming Dynasty and performed in Ying County during the Xianfeng period of the Qing Dynasty. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, it developed to its peak. In the old society, the county town had to sing more than a dozen plays a year. In addition to the temple festival, there are also wish plays of various industries, such as the Eight Wu Zhenshe (painter) of the first month of the first month, the eighteenth Guanwang Temple of the first month (tailor) and so on. There are many plays in this genre, about 300 copies. There are also dozens of plays that have been staged in Ying County.
Rollo Cavity
Originated in Hebei and introduced to Shanxi in the middle of the Qing Dynasty. In the 1930s, the southwest township of YingXian County had the custom of singing Luo Luo every year. In the 30s, YingXian actor Lei Youdan had a solid foundation and a delicate performance, and after passing the flower armor, he also stepped on stilts to play the xiaodan of "Selling Velvet Flowers" and "Baolong Temple", the steps were floating freely, the singing voice he ran was clear, giving people a deep impression, and the folk legend had "watched Lei Youdan, forgot to eat for three days".
Scenic spots
Ying County has a long history and many cultural relics and monuments. Among them, the YingXian Shakya Pagoda, which stands in the county seat, is the most famous. The Pure Land Temple (also known as the North Temple) in the northeast corner of the county town was built in the Jin Dynasty and has undergone repairs. The temple hall is exquisitely structured and brilliant, which is a fine work of Jin Dynasty architecture. There are also ancient sites such as the Great Wall, the ancient city, the three gangs, and the four towns, all of which have certain archaeological value.
Ying County Wooden Tower
Yingxian Buddha Temple Shakya Pagoda is located in the northwest of Ying County, Shuozhou City, Shanxi Province, commonly known as YingXian Wooden Pagoda. It was built in the second year of Liao Qingning (1056 AD) and added in the sixth year of Jin Mingchang (1195 AD). It is the tallest and oldest wooden tower building in China, and the only wooden structure pavilion tower, which is a national key cultural relics protection unit.
Each layer is supported by two circles of wooden columns, each layer has 24 columns outside and eight inside, and many diagonal bracings, beams, fangs and short columns are used between the wooden columns to form a compound beam wooden frame in different directions. Some people calculate that the entire wooden tower shares 3000 cubic meters of red pine wood, weighs about 2600 tons, the overall proportion is appropriate, the architecture is magnificent, the art is exquisite, and the appearance is stable and solemn.
Jodoji Temple
Jodoji Temple is located in the northeast corner of Ying County. According to the Qing Dynasty's "Yingzhou Chronicle", the Pure Land Temple was "created by the monk Shanxiang Fengzhi in the second year of the Golden Heavenly Society (1124), and rebuilt by the monk Shanxiang in the twenty-fourth year of Jin Dading", which has a history of more than 860 years. Daxiong Treasure Hall is the main hall of the whole temple, the original of the Jin Dynasty, 3 deep and wide, the plane square hall is equipped with a bucket-shaped large flower board, divided into 9 tiles by beams, respectively, 9 algae wells, the central dou 8 algae wells are the largest, and the algae wells are decorated with heavenly palace pavilions, making mixed gold paintings. The other eight wells are octagonal in shape, with fine carvings and beautiful colors, which are rare treasures of the Jin Dynasty. Except for the main hall, which is still well preserved, the rest of the temple was demolished during the Cultural Revolution.
Famous specialties
Should county cool powder
Yingxian cold powder is made of potato starch and is a local snack with a unique flavor.
Should county dough skin, dripping
Yingxian dough is made of pure white noodles, which is a kind of snack with a unique local flavor.
Oil cake
It is mainly a festive food made by frying yellow rice noodles (i.e. soft rice noodles) as the skin, sugar or date paste, and bean paste as the filling.
Ying County beef loin
Beef loin is a traditional food in Ying County. Legend has it that there is a treasurer named Yu Yi, because of the bad business, when making cakes accidentally touched the syrup bowl, helplessly mixed the white noodles with it, kneaded into a small cake and fried, its taste is sweet, and the color is like a beef loin, so it spread.
Yellow cauliflower
Yellow cauliflower is the golden needle vegetable, in ancient times called forget worry grass, healing flower, yellow grass, deer onion, deer sword, Yinan, etc., golden needle vegetable is a dried vegetable, is a kind of high-quality vegetable containing natural flowers, is the best raw material for cooking a variety of dishes, and shiitake mushrooms, fungus, magnolia slices and called the four treasures of Chinese dried vegetables.
carrot
Yingxian carrot is characterized by a large head, two ends together, its flesh is dense, fine and juicy, sweet, easy to store. It is found throughout the county.
Honorary titles