Write the words on the front
On July 20, 2017, Boshan Cultural Research Institute was established. A few days later, I received the task of writing "Cultural Zibo Boshan Scroll" (later renamed "Cultural Boshan"). In order to successfully complete the writing of the book, the Boshan Cultural Research Institute invited 9 cultural scholars to participate in the compilation, which lasted for 4 years, and finally completed this popular local cultural academic monograph. "Culture Boshan" integrates the historical materials of previous dynasties, refers to the research results of the past, makes a new sorting out of the development context of Boshan culture, and focuses on the historical geography of Boshan Mountain, the tradition of filial piety, the ancient and modern changes of coal, ceramics and glass industry, the formation and development of Boshan cuisine, the humanistic contributions of famous and prestigious families, the local characteristics of folk customs and customs, and the dissemination and promotion of red culture.
As the latest achievement of Boshan cultural research in the 21st century, "Cultural Boshan" can not only enable every Boshan person to have a deeper understanding of the characteristics of Boshan traditional culture; but also form a valuable new understanding on the basis of summarizing past experience, and let the vast number of readers outside Boshan know more about Boshan. To this end, a special column of "Culture Boshan" is specially set up for readers.
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Section 1 Mountains and Rivers (II)
Third, the Zihe River and Xiaoshui, which run through the city and the countryside
(a) Rivers that come across borders
1. The Zi River originates from the homeland of the Lu State
The Zihe River originates from Laiwu District, Jinan City, flows southeast along boshan through Zichuan, Qingzhou, Linzi, Guangrao and Xiaoqinghe, with a total length of 155.1 kilometers and a basin area of 1500.4 square kilometers. In the upper reaches of Boshan, there are four rivers in Zihe, namely Shima, Nanboshan, Xiazhuang and Chishang. The first three are called the Xizi River, and the latter is called the East Zi River, with a basin area of 408.3 square kilometers.
The Shima tributary originates from the small tributaries of Dayingzhang, Xiaoyingzhang, and Beihuangwan in Changzhuang, Laiwu City, such as the eastern foothills of Lujieding Mountain, the northern foothills of Phoenix Mountain, and the southern foothills of Wanglu Mountain. Among them, the One of the Great British Chapters is the longest, originating in the 631 Nameless Highlands, which is the main stream of the Zihe River, flowing from west to east, to the Xiejiadian Railway Bridge and the Nanboshan Tributaries and Xiazhuang Tributaries. From the place of origin to the mouth of Boshan boundary, the total length is 43. 3 kilometers, flowing through Boshan 31 kilometers; a section from Hezhuang to Xiejiadian is a seasonal river; a section from Xiejiadian to Inviting Rabbit Cliff is generally full of water all year round, but to the east of Inviting Rabbit Cliff and diving below the riverbed, to the head of the Spring River to come back.
(Qianlong) "Boshan County Chronicle" records: Zihe, "out of the county of Xiyuan Mountain Yin." "Yu Gong": "Wei zi qi dao". Note cloud: 'Zi shui out of the original mountain' is also. From the northeast of present-day Laiwu County, it flows into the main territory, flows northwest through the Laiwu Valley, passes through the ancient city of Ancient Laiwu County, turns northwest, passes through the west of the ancient city, and flows northeast, merging with the holy water. And north out of the Golden Rooster exit, its circulation is large, called 'Laiwukou'. The northeast flows into Yidu County. [1] The "Original Mountain" mentioned here is also called Mount Rao and Mount Mal, which is what people call "Yuwang Mountain" today. It can be seen from the county records that with the Original Mountain as the boundary, the water flowing in the west is the Wen River, and the water flowing in the east is the Zi River.
The Nanbo mountain tributary originates from the area of Shangwaquan, Gaotang and Changzhuang in the northern foothills of Lushan Mountain; the Xiazhuang tributary originates from the small tributaries of Shangjie Laoyu, Wulaoyu and Yangyu in the northern foothills of Lushan Mountain; and the Chishang tributary originates in the eastern part of the northern foothills of Lushan Mountain, which is composed of four branches: Lijia, Zhaozhuang, Haoyu and Xiaofeng[2].
The location of the Zihe River in Shandong Province and the topography of the basin
2. The villages and towns next to the Zishui River are ancient
The Zi River flows eastward through Wenshan and Wushan through the village of West Shima to the present-day Changshu River. "According to legend, the original name of the village was 'Jiquan', which was named after the filial wife of the Qi state, Yan Wenjiang, who drew spring water for gu to drink. According to the monument to the founding of the Jin Dynasty in the east of the village, there are also the words 'Cliff Under the Zhuang Ji Spring'. From this, it can be concluded that the village once used 'under the cliff' as the name of the village. In the early years, there was a saying that 'first there was a cliff, and then there was a stone horse'. [3]”
Xishima "Border Bridge in the village" was the junction of Qilu and Lu during the Spring and Autumn Warring States period. [4] "In ancient times, there was a ravine several meters deep in Xishima Village, which was the boundary between Qilu and Lu, and there was a bridge on it, called the Border Bridge, which was also known as the Qilu Bridge. The rocks on both sides of the gully are intertwined and difficult to cross, forming a natural dividing line. The villages on both sides of the gully are Qiaoxi Village and Qiaodong Village, which used to belong to Qilu and Lu.
In the territory of Boshan, there is a village named "Zi", that is, Zijing Village, located in the shade of Jinniu Mountain, between Hulu Shed and Kangshan Mountain, with low-lying terrain and relatively flat terrain. "According to legend, when the village was first built, there was a lack of water, and the villagers dug wells to get water, so they ordered the village to be named 'Zhijing'. Later, because the Zishui water flowed through the south of the village, it took the meaning of abundant water and long flow, and changed the "governance" of 'zhijing' to the 'zi' of zishui and became 'zijing'. ”[5]
Panorama of the source section of the Zihe River / Photo by Xu Chuanguo
After the Zi River passes through the source, it gathers four tributaries and winds north through Erlang Mountain. Erlang Mountain, also known as Longevity Mountain, is bordered by Zishui River in the east, Jinyin Mountain in the south, and Yuanquan Village in the north. The mountains are lush with pines and cypresses, ancient vines and walls, temples and forests, and many stele. In the Hall of the Queen Mother, there is a "Monument to the Chiseled Pond of the Southern Mountain of the Spring", which records the fact that the Daoist monk who lived in the mountain in the twenty-third year of the Qianlong Dynasty (1758) chiseled the pond: "Fifty miles east of Boshan Rule, the village is known as the source, the mountain is south of the mountain, and the arch is like a cuiping." The source, the water of Zi also leads. The balance of mountains and waters, the middle and upper reaches of the residence, the ring of wanfeng, the shade of the trees, the words and people, often sing here, not a pass and a ravine than also. [6] The river flows past Mount Erlang, forming a beautiful scenery of the source.
Jiroyama
(ii) A river named after a filial wife
Xiaonu River, also known as Xiaonu Water, is the name of the Song Dynasty. Yuan Tuo and other "Song Shi Wu Xing Zhi Yi Shang": "Zizhou Lin rain, Xiaonu River overflowing, bad official temple, Mintian." [7] Yuan Yuqin's Qi Cheng, Volume II: "If you want to lead the water of the Filial Woman River to the west, it is not Ji Ye." [8] In the "Integration of Ancient and Modern Books", it is recorded that "that is, Longshui ye." After being noted as a cage water, Huanyu Jiyun ancient name filial piety water, out of Yidu County Yan Shen Town filial piety shrine. It flows north through the southwest of the county seat, and then north to the left of the Boundary Mengshui of Changshan County, and north through the northwest of Changshan County through the northeast of Zouping County, and through the boundary of The New City Gaoyuan into Ma DaBo into Boxing South, when the confluence of water and the Xiaoqing River merge into the sea" [9].
1. Filial piety water from the Spirit Spring
"Filial Piety River." The source is the Shentou Springs. There are two tributaries upstream: one is the Yueyang River and the other is the Poplar River. The Xiaonu River, also known as Longshui or Takishui, merges the waters of the Dahongquan, Baiyanghe, and Yueyang Rivers, flows from Shentou to the northeast Nafan River, Yanglan River, and Shigou River to the northeast of the sea eye, and enters the Zichuan River, through Zhangdian, Zhoucun, Zouping, and Boxing Zhumata Lake into the Xiaoqing River, with a total length of 117 km" [10]. There are many titles for the Xiaonu River, such as Longshui, Longshui, Yuanshui, Takishui, etc., all of which refer to the Xiaonu River.
The story of the filial wife Yan Wenjiang will be introduced in the second chapter of this book, and will not be repeated here. It should be pointed out that under the inspiration of the story of filial piety Yan Wen jiang xiaoxing, more than 340 filial piety women in the history of Boshan have been recorded in the annals of history. The Chronicle of Boshan County( continued to be revised) says: "The name of 'filial piety' is old. Born to be obedient, dead to be a god, for thousands of years to enjoy endless worship, since ancient times has not had the prosperity of Jos. After the incarnation of Wen Jiang, below the 'second daughter', there is no shortage of generations, although they have encountered a special path, and their quiet and lonely spirit is enough to plant a common, maintain a regolith, and be consistent with themselves. ”[11]
Filial Piety River God Head Duan / Photo by Sun Saihua
"Filial piety" is a theme that runs through the Filial Piety River, in addition to Yan Wenjiang in the upper reaches, there is also a filial piety in the Zouping area in the middle reaches, called Gao Laogu. Legend has it that Elder Gao's father died in the sea because of the battle against the Wokou, and Elder Gao cried day and night, touching the heavens, and the heavens specially sent a god to hand her a spoon, instructing that after scooping up the seawater, she would find her father's body. Elder Gao held an iron spoon, spoon by spoon, night and day, her father's body finally surfaced, Elder Gao collected her father's body, helped the coffin to bury her hometown, she also exhausted herself, and the villagers buried it next to her father's tomb. Since then, the touching story of her "searching for her father in a thousand miles" has been praised by posterity, and a red temple has been built for posterity to visit. At present, at the beginning of June every year, the Liuhong Temple Festival will hold filial piety performances, large-scale sacrifices, cultural exchanges and other activities, which has become a folk event with the participation of the masses in the surrounding hundreds of miles.
In the lower reaches of the Xiaonu River, in the Lakeside Wantou Village of Boxing, the story of Dong Yong's seven fairies is known throughout the country. Dong Yong sold himself to bury his father, and the seven fairies were touched by his filial piety and married him under the old locust tree.
There is Yan Wenjiang at the source of the Xiaonu River, Gao Laogu in the middle, dong Yong in the downstream, a large river stringing together a "filial piety" character, a "filial piety" character carries the cultural core of the entire Luzhong region.
2. There are many good places along the Filial Piety River
The Lingquan Spring flows out of the Yanwen Jiang Ancestral Hall and flows into the Xiaonu River, forming one of the eight scenic spots of Boshan Mountain in the place where it flows out of the east and north, that is, "Xiaoshui clarifies the relics of the woman".[12]
A few hundred meters north along this is the Yongji Bridge, known to the Boshan people as the Seven Hole Bridge. (Qianlong) "Boshan County Chronicle" said: "Yongji Bridge, in the southwest of the county three miles, the western foothills of phoenix mountain, Shiliang also." Both sides are chiseled into the fence, spanning the long water, ring hole seven, wide can accommodate two by three rides. It can also be called 'long bridge lying wave'. [13] At the beginning of the construction of the bridge, the name of the bridge took the meaning of "Forever Ji Shi" and named "Yong Ji Bridge".
Seven-hole bridge over the Filial Piety River
"There is a horizontal street in the west to the corner, near the north out of the Guo Gate, far away from the Guo Gate in the south, Guo in the east, slightly negative in the south, and 'Filial Piety' in the west for the 'street'." [15]
The main street is one of the main streets in Boshan District, and it is also the road that merchants must pass through in the old days. It is connected to Xiguan Street and Bao'en Temple Street to the east, and runs parallel to the Polder Wall and the Xiaonu River in the west, with a length of 2 kilometers and an average width of about 6 meters. The street has a long history, and it has been formed during the song guangzong years, and in the second year of Jin Mingchang (1191), one of the four major temples of Boshan was built here, the South Temple (later renamed Bao'en Temple). Later, many temples such as Shanqing'an, Sanyuan temple, Caishen Temple, and Sansi Pavilion were built here. In the old days, Wuyamen and Boshan Chamber of Commerce were also located here.
(Kangxi) "Yan Shen Zhen Zhi" once recorded the street: "South of Emei, west pillow of Xiaoshui, three or four miles long, densely populated, more commercial goods than this." Therefore, the street is wide and long, densely populated, relatively old, and at that time it was the main passage through Yimeng and Laiwu counties, so it was called "Street".
Main Street is the earliest commercial street in Boshan. There are many shops and merchant flags. The streets are lined with ancient Ming and Qing dynasty buildings with very different styles. With the gradual improvement of its economic status, the street has gradually become a commercial trade center for cloth, grocery stores, silver and money industries, etc., operating in ceramics, glass, silk cloth, tea food, paint and furniture, tobacco and alcohol department stores, daily necessities and so on. Every festival, the store gatehouse is illuminated, the canopy made of colorful silk covers the street, and various lanterns are hung all over the long street, which is the first choice for locals to play and shop.
North section of the street / Photo by Xiao Chengshun
At the north end of the street, across the Xiaonu River is the Furnace Temple. The Furnace Temple was built in the 39th year of the Ming Dynasty (1611) by Xu Yingyuan, who was in the furnace industry at that time, and collected funds with the support of Sun Yanshou, a famous gentleman of the furnace bank. When it was first built, the furnace temple was small in scale, with only three halls. Nuwa refining stones to supplement the heavens, the world knows, Liuliye also refines "five-colored stones", so the furnace guild will recognize the nuwa clan as the ancestor of the furnace line, and the temple name is set as "zushi furnace temple". In the forty-sixth year of the Ming Dynasty (1618), headed by Sun Yanshou, Fang Zongyi, and Xu Yingyuan, 23 people were invited to form a "Furnace Walking Gathering". They designate the annual Shangwei Day (the third day of the first month of March) as the day of worship of the ancestors. On this day, the whole furnace line has to close down and stop production, and the furnace temple will be jointly held to hold a sacrifice. This gave rise to the "Furnace Temple Society" on the third day of March in Boshan.
On the beach of the Xiaonu River, there used to be a local famous food - stone toad dumpling shop. The stone toad is the nickname of Shi Yupu, and the peers are jealous of Shi Yupu's prosperity in trading, and because of their short and fat appearance, they are ridiculed by the nickname of "stone toad". Shi Yupu was extremely depressed, and his friends advised that "the toads inhabit the banks of the Xiaonu River, the water and grass are green, and the water can produce wealth" [16] Is a good thing. Shi Yupu was relieved and operated his shop more carefully, and after the "stone toad" dumplings were indeed eaten at the cost of the place name, Shi Yupu also became rich.
The north of the furnace temple is Xiye Street. Xiye Street is located in the west of Boshan City, "West" refers to the direction, and "Ye" is smelting. Sun Tingquan wrote in the "Miscellaneous Records of Yanshan" about the general appearance of Xiye Street and the origin of its name: "The west starts from the cliff of the West Temple, and goes down from The Pito, and in the north, to the Overlapping Road, to the west of the Cliff, and to the east pillow xiaohe, which is Xiye. The furnace of glass is also smelted, and its people are multi-industry glass. Therefore, "Xiye Street" refers to "the street of smelting glass in the west". From the Ming Dynasty to the 1970s and 1980s, most of the households in the area of Xiye Street used glass as a business. By the time the Qing Kangxi Thirty-fifth Year (1696) established the Glass Factory, most of the craftsmen employed by the Interior Ministry's Office at that time were recruited from Boshan Xiye Street in order to ensure the standard of the palace glass products.
Furnace Temple/Ding Chunlin photo
Xiye Street was formed around the Song Dynasty, running north-south, 750 meters long and 6 meters wide, with green brick paving and bluestone slabs. In addition to the main street, Xiye Street also has Xinzhao First Lane, Second Lane and Third Lane, all located in the western part of the jurisdiction of Chengxi Street, starting from Xintan Street in the north and ending in Qianqigou Street in the south, with streets and alleys curved and irregular directions. Santiao Lane is close to Zhao Jialin, although there were a few residents before the founding of New China, there was no place name, and Zhao Jialin Primary School was built here. In the 1950s, with the development of the glass industry, gradually workers built houses and settled here, and then formed streets and alleys, because the famous eunuch Zhao Zhenye was buried here, commonly known as Zhao Jialin, later known as the new Zhao Zhuang.
In the old days, there were pavilions or small doors around the walls of Xiye Street. In the middle of Xiye Street, there is a middle pavilion at the Guandi Temple, and in the south there is a pavilion called Guanyin Hall (South Pavilion); there are also East Pavilion and West Pavilion. In the old days, the cabinet door of Xiye Street was engraved with ten characters of "Pearl Agate Cui, Amber Glass Street", which summarized the characteristics of the glass town.
Text/Xu Chuanguo
Notes:
[1] (Qianlong) "Boshan County Chronicle", Boshan Old History Integration, vol. 2, p. 53.
[2] Boshan District Chronicle Compilation Committee, Zibo City, Shandong Province, Shandong Province, Shandong People's Publishing House, 1990, p. 43. The "Boshan Chronicle" quoted below is this one, so only the title and page number are indicated.
[3] Office of the Geographical Names Committee of Boshan District, Zibo City, "Geographical Names of Boshan District, Zibo City, Shandong Province", Internal Information, 1986, pp. 139-140.
[4] Gazetteer of Boshan District, Zibo City, Shandong Province, p. 140.
[5] Gazetteer of Boshan District, Zibo City, Shandong Province, p. 143.
[6] Boshan Inscription, p. 291.
[7] (Yuan) Detachment et al., History of the Song Dynasty, vol. 61, Zhonghua Bookstore, 1977, p. 1322.
[8] (Yuan) Yu Qin, Qi Cheng, Shandong University Press, 2007, Shandong Literature Integration, Vol. 2, vol. 19, p. 55.
[9] (Qing) Chen Menglei et al., "Ancient and Modern Book Integration, Compilation of Fang Public Opinion, And Work FangDian", Zhonghua Bookstore, 1934, vol. 9, p. 9460.
[10] Boshan District Chronicle, p. 44.
[11] (Republic of China) "Continuing the History of Boshan County", "Boshan Old History Integration", vol. 4, p. 740.
[12] (Kangxi) "Yan Shen Zhen Zhi", Boshan Old Zhi Integration, vol. 1, p. 184.
[13] (Qianlong) "Boshan County Chronicle", Boshan Old History Integration, vol. 2, p. 98.
[14] Gazetteer of Boshan District, Zibo City, Shandong Province, p. 201.
[15] (Qianlong) "Boshan County Chronicle", Boshan Old Chronicles Integration, vol. 2, pp. 59-60.
[16] Boshan District People's Government and Boshan District Local History Office, ed., Boshan Dietary History, China Literature and History Publishing House, 2017, p. 95.