Interview 丨 Tang Jianqing: A brief discussion on the breeding mode and development trend of crayfish

In recent years, the crayfish industry has gradually formed a complete industrial chain, and the consumer market is "hot", but behind the hundreds of billions of markets, there are inevitably drawbacks brought about by the rapid development of the market, such as the promotion of breeding technology is difficult to keep up with the rapid development of crayfish, resulting in unsatisfactory benefits for some new farmers; the explosive growth of the scale of breeding has caused seasonal oversupply of crayfish in some areas.

From March 18 to 20, 2021, the 4th China (International) Crayfish Industry Conference in 2021 will be held in Qianjiang, Hubei Province, Researcher Tang Jianqing, Chief Expert of Jiangsu Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute and Jiangsu Province Kezi Original Crayfish Industry Technology System, was invited to attend and deliver a keynote speech, and the China Aquatic Products Circulation and Processing Association conducted an exclusive interview with Researcher Tang Jianqing on the mode and development trend of crayfish farming, the following is the interview content.

China Aquatic Products Circulation and Processing Association:

Researcher Tang, hello, it is a pleasure to interview you, as an authoritative expert in the industry, you participated in the recording of the project "Crayfish Industry Micro Classroom" initiated by me and the National Aquatic Technology Promotion Station, can you evaluate the significance of the whole curriculum system of crayfish micro classroom? What is the role of the healthy and orderly development of the crayfish industry?

Tang Jianqing:

"Crayfish Industry Micro Classroom" is very well made, short and concise, concise and concise, basically the key technologies of the crayfish industry are clearly expressed. These classroom technologies come from front-line production, have good operability, strong practicality, easy to learn and understand, not only can help the majority of farmers to improve the level of crayfish farming, but also enhance the awareness of circulation marketing, so that farmers can raise good shrimp, sell at a good price.

In recent years, the crayfish market has shown a vigorous trend, of which, fry breeding technology is very critical, what are the more popular crayfish seed breeding technologies? What is the role of promoting industrial development?

With the vigorous development of the crayfish industry, crayfish farming technology has also been greatly improved. The earliest culture of crayfish is basically a method of releasing seeds for many years, that is, the integration of breeding and breeding technology in the same pond, this breeding mode has many problems in production, such as increased diseases, unstable yields, smaller and smaller specifications, low breeding efficiency, increased breeding risks, and seriously affected the healthy development of the industry. Therefore, we proposed the "breeding and separation" model of crayfish, and carried out shrimp fry culture, which effectively improved the size of commercial shrimp, stabilized the yield, and reduced the occurrence of diseases. Establish special ponds to breed crayfish fry, and achieve large-scale production through technical measures such as quantitative stocking of parent shrimp, scientific feeding management, and timely harvesting of fry. At present, the breeding methods of crayfish fry are: conventional pond seedlings, early nursery in greenhouses, and autumn seedling breeding in ponds through environmental regulation (seedlings emerge in the Yangtze River Basin in late October), these seedling methods are low cost, easy to operate, stable yield, and can be promoted, at the same time, it also promotes crayfish "staggered peak culture" to achieve the purpose of balanced listing. Crayfish are not suitable for factory seed breeding.

For farmers, what are the key points of management for breeding crayfish seed? What is the purpose and significance of the technology of early breeding of crayfish seed?

First, the soil of the crayfish fry breeding pond is loam or clay, the second is that the parents should be stocked early, the third is to remove trash fish from the breeding pond, and the fourth is the timely fishing of shrimp fry. The purpose of early breeding of crayfish fry is to release seedlings early, breed early, and go to the market in the morning, obtain good prices, and achieve high economic benefits.

At present, what are the main farming models of crayfish?

At present, the main patterns of crayfish farming are as follows:

(1) Comprehensive rice and shrimp breeding. It can be divided into rice and shrimp rotation, rice and shrimp co-cropping, rice-shrimp and crab rotation co-cultivation, rice-shrimp-turtle rotation co-cultivation, rice-shrimp-duck rotation co-cultivation, etc.;

(2) Polyculture of pond river crabs and crayfish;

(3) Main culture of crayfish ponds;

(4) Lotus pond set culture crayfish;

The above four main models are selected according to local conditions.

Last year, the new crown epidemic had a great impact on various industries, and crayfish also experienced a stage of market downturn, at present, what is the development status of the crayfish industry? What is the current state of the consumer market?

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a big impact on the crayfish industry, with market sales almost zero in the first half of last year. However, crayfish processing and online sales are very hot, and the processing volume has increased significantly. Since June, the crayfish market has become active, and prices have been rising all the way, showing a state of short supply, reflecting the good market potential of crayfish. China's crayfish consumption population continues to increase, especially in the catering industry, the consumption of crayfish showed an upward trend. Therefore, the cultivation of crayfish should raise large-sized shrimp, the market is good, the price is expensive, and the efficiency is high.