【Biography】 Wang Pan, date of birth and death unknown, Ming Dynasty, Zi Zonglu, Ji Zhai, Shanyin (present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang) people. In the second year of the Wanli Calendar (1574), he entered the priesthood and became the prefect of Zhaoqing in the eighth year of the Wanli Calendar (1580). Because he loves the people for the government and benefits Zhaoqing, he is loved by the people of Zhaoqing and remembered to this day.
Located on the west side of Chongxi Pagoda on the north bank of the Xijiang River in Zhaoqing City, there is an ancestral hall called "Wang Pansheng Ancestral Hall". This ancestral hall was built in the fifteenth year of the Ming Dynasty (1587) by the local people during Wang Pan's lifetime.
▲ Wang Pansheng Ancestral Hall
Turning to the annals of Chinese history, the ancestral halls of Dafan were built for sacrifices. Why did the common people build the Wang Pan Sheng Ancestral Hall? The reason is very simple: Wang Pan has done a lot of good things and practical things for the people, and the people are sincerely grateful to him.
In the eighth year of the Wanli Calendar of Emperor Myeongshin (1580), Wang Pan was appointed as the prefect of Zhaoqing. The Chronicle of Gaoyao County states that Wang Pan was "idyllic in nature and self-respecting like a cold land." Connect with the people, and don't try to talk about it. However, he is stubborn and persistent, although the protégé is a former friend, he has nothing selfish. ”
Wang Pan was an official in Zhaoqing for eight years, a prefect who had served in Zhaoqing for a long time, and during his tenure he had a deep love affair with the local people and Zhaoqing Landscape.
Dotted with Seven Star Rocks
After Wang Pan arrived in Ren Zhaoqing, he began to rectify the peaks and surrounding environment of the Seven Star Rock. There are three measures.
The first is to solemnly name seven beautiful rock peaks: Langfeng Peak, Yuping Peak, Shimu Peak, Tianzhu Peak, Toad Peak, Cactus Peak, and Apo Peak.
The second is to open up a passage around the lake and lay a trail stone pit that is convenient to climb, so that climbers can be safe and secure.
The third is to name twenty scenes on the spot, and also personally inscription for the "Hanzhu Cave" and "Jiaolong Cave" scenic spots, with a strong sound and color, adding humanistic charm. Wang Pan also gave a poem to each of the spectacles.
The proposition of the Twenty Views, especially after the poems given by Wang Pan for him were published, not only attracted the attention of all parties, but also attracted the poetry of officials and scholars, who were splashing ink on it.
▲Seven Star Rock
Wang Pan embellished the Seven Star Rock and determined the twenty scenic spots, which not only promoted the development of the economy, but also promoted the development of culture, and created a new style of landscape poetry. Since the Ming Dynasty, Qixingyan's psalm writing style has become its own, leaving many famous pieces to sing. Wang Pan's deeds are indispensable.
Wang Pan was always concerned about the transformation and construction of The Seven Star Rock, "political knowledge is important", and when the Seven Star Rock "Stone Chamber Chronicle" was written, he made a preface to it.
Flood control
The Xijiang River crosses the mountain range in many places, forming the Xijiang Small Three Gorges in the Zhaoqing Area: the Three Rong Gorges, the Dading Gorge and the Antelope Gorge. Between The Three Banyan Gorge and antelope Gorge is an alluvial plain. Zhaoqing ancient called "two waters between the continent", before the Tang Dynasty, the northern suburbs were originally the old road of the West River diversion, through the silt to form a "Li Lake", low-lying terrain, perennial water staining, every time there is a heavy rain, the water of the pits of the Beiling Mountains is integrated, it is difficult to discharge, it becomes a vast ocean, so it has become a "wild pond".
During the Song dynasty, in order to expand the cultivated land, people began to build embankments to prevent stains and build fields around ponds. Although there is a levee, but more only from the pond to create a field, there is no continuous line around the embankment, so the embankment is built when it collapses, and the West River is sometimes flooded.
Before the embankment was built, the water of the lake was discharged from the West River by the water-based dry gorge. After the embankment is built to open the sinus, the drainage is constrained by the water-based sinus hole, and when the water rises in the outer river, the sinus gate is closed, and the water in the surrounding area cannot be discharged, which will also cause waterlogging, whether it is external flooding or internal waterlogging, there will be endless troubles.
In the ninth year of the Wanli Calendar, the second year of Wang Pan's arrival (1581), Gao Yao sent a flood, flooding a large area of farmland and taking away the lives and property of the common people. As the prefect, Wang Pan was distraught and decided to excavate the main drainage culvert of Gyeongbok Wai, the "Yuelong Dou", to divert the water into the Xijiang River, remove the water stains, and control the flood.
▲Jingfuwei present scene
Gyeongbok Wai is the main embankment guarding the urban area of Zhaoqing and the farmland in the suburbs, and the Yuelong Dou built by Wang Pan, located in the west of Shidinggang, is the main drainage culvert sinus of Gyeongbokgung.
After the construction of the Yuelong Dou in 1581, it eliminated a major hidden danger of flood control in the urban area, enhanced the flood control and drainage capacity, and alleviated the serious disasters caused by the flood to the people. In order to continuously consolidate the water conservancy building, in 1586, Wang Pan led the villagers to rebuild the Yuelong Dou.
Re-teaching Xingwen
Ancient Chinese academies were non-governmental educational institutions initiated by officials and squires, but academies often involved political struggles, so they rose and fell. In the seventh year of the Wanli Calendar (1579), The Chancellor Zhang Juzheng ordered the closure of all academies in the country, and all three remaining schools in Zhaoqing were forced to close.
After Zhang Juzheng's death, various localities resumed academies. Wang Pan stood on the stand of curing foolishness with learning and advocating culture, and vigorously advocated running schools. Thanks to Wang Pan's efforts, Lianxi Academy and Songtai Academy in Zhaoqing were resumed. On this basis, he encouraged the establishment of school fields, and the harvest of school fields was returned to the school, so that the school not only had a stable source, but also reduced the burden on all aspects, and the school Xingwen had a certain guarantee, attracting more people to send their children to the school to study.
In the tenth year of the Wanli Dynasty (1582), Wang Pan began to build the "Chongxi Pagoda" in Linjiang to see the Range Rover and take refuge in disasters, which is more symbolic of "the prosperity of the cultural movement", and the good intentions of Wang Pan's descendants appeared on the tower.
▲ Chongxi Tower
Introduction of Western studies
In the tenth year of the Wanli Calendar (1582), Chen Rui, the governor of Zhaoliangguang, agreed with the Macau Flangji Church to pay rent to Xiangshan County every year, and the Flangji missionary Luo Mingjian took the opportunity to request a place of residence. (Incidentally, this Mr. Luo Mingjian, whose name resembles one of your old classmates or old neighbors, is an Italian missionary and one of the true founders of Western sinology during the "missionary sinology period").)
Chen Rui said: "You can agree to this request. In December of the same year, the Macau Church sent missionary Luo Mingjian and translator Mendai to Zhaoqing via Sanshui. Four months later, Chen Rui was dismissed from his post because of the incident, and he was worried that the introduction of foreigners into the residence would increase his guilt, so he ordered Luo Mingjian and others to leave Zhaoqing quickly before being dismissed.
The successor governor, Guo Bao, initially opposed the entry of foreigners into the country; however, in the eleventh year of the Wanli Calendar (1583), he suddenly changed his mind and in mid-August sent people to Macau through Wang Pan, the prefect of Zhaoqing, to submit a letter of approval to the church, agreeing to the missionary's return to Zhaoqing. So the church sent Luo Mingjian, Matteo Ricci, and an interpreter to Zhaoqing on September 10. (This Matteo Ricci was one of the earliest pioneers of Catholic mission in China, and the first Western scholar to read Chinese literature and delve into Chinese classics.) ）
Matteo Ricci and Chinese officials
After arriving in Zhaoqing, Luo Mingjian and Matteo Ricci chose a piece of land near chongxi pagoda to stand in, and presented the prefect Wang Pan. Wang Pan forwarded the missionary's request to Guo for employment. With approval, missionaries began to build churches in Zhaoqing. In the twelfth year of the Wanli Calendar (1584), the new governor of Liangguang, Wu Wenhua, approved the establishment of the Haiphong Pavilion (in present-day East Gate), a sub-patrol of the Vice Envoy of the Sea Route, which was responsible for the administration of Haojingao (Macau) in Zhaoqing.
In the autumn of the thirteenth year of the Wanli Calendar (1585), the first Catholic church in Chinese mainland was officially inaugurated in Zhaoqing District. Wang Pan went to congratulate and personally inscribed the plaque of "Xian Hua Temple".