Layue steamed bun incense small year to resign the stove

Tao Blunt's Zhucheng compatriot Wang Yijian (pen name Jiang Gui), living on an isolated island, created a long novel "Whirlwind". Its rural customs and customs are all imitations of the hometown, and the text about the Spring Festival is like a documentary of the customs between the cities and villages in the early 1920s.

Steamed steamed with delicious January broiler cooked for refrigeration

"The year is near. Fang Ranwu had a lot of money because he had sold the land, and his interest in 'New Year's Day' was quite high. Starting from the eighth day of the first lunar month of the month of The First Month of the New Year, the first act of the New Year was unveiled." In the writer Jiang Gui's pen, the New Year begins on the eighth day of the first lunar month.

Fang Ranwu is one of the protagonists in Jiang Gui's novel Whirlwind. Set in Shandong in the 1920s, Whirlwind depicts the decline and decline of a large family in Fangzhen, a small town on the Jiaodong Peninsula. Jiang Gui was born in 1908 in Xiangzhou, Zhucheng, and his original name was Wang Yijian. Jiang Gui's FangZhen is actually his hometown of Xiangzhou Town; the New Year scene described in "Whirlwind" is the scene of the old Spring Festival in Xiangzhou. For the convenience of narration, it is still called Jiang Gui's original name Wang Yijian.

Xiangzhou Town and Tao Du's hometown of Changcheng Township are two townships adjacent to the north of Zhucheng County. Tao Du recalled that Xiangzhou Town was a large town 20 kilometers north of Zhucheng County, and "there were more than ten large landlords surnamed Wang in the town. Some of these big landlords are officials in Beijing, and some of them have errands in the provincial capital." These more than ten large landlords with the surname of Wang are the famous Xiangzhou Wang family, whose origins can be traced back to the Langya Wang clan of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and its representative figures are the Famous XiangWang Guide of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the calligraphy master Wang Xizhi. Wang Yijian was born into the Xiangzhou Wang family.

Wang Yijian wrote: "From the beginning of the month, there will be no idle time in the kitchen. The old ladies and mothers in each room, who can find time, are temporarily transferred to the kitchen to work. Large and small steamed buns, buns with various meat and vegetarian fillings, rice cakes, steamed out of a cage of day and night in a large steamer, cooled, received in a large urn that is generally tall. This side is ready to reward the tenant poor, and on the other hand, it is left in their own homes to eat, so that they can eat from the first day of the first month of the first month to the second day of the first month of February. A large household like Fang Ju Yi Tang had to be steamed with at least forty or fifty urns. "Of course, poor people don't have such conditions.

Fang Ju Yi Tang is the hall name of the Fang Ran Wu Family. Tao Du's hometown Xujiahe fork village is only more than ten kilometers away from Xiangzhou Town, and the customs of the New Year are basically the same. However, the Fang family described by Wang Yijian has its own habits: it does not eat beef and mutton, and rarely uses ducks and geese. The Fang family's meat is mainly pigs and chickens, and there are various methods. In the cold winter months, they cook pork or chicken in a large pot and use a large tile pot to buckle in the cold place of the back sun. At that time, from the waxing moon to the first lunar month, the outdoors were always frozen. Wang Yijian sighed: "God gives this convenience to rich people's families, so that you can make vegetables as much as possible, which is more reliable than putting them in the refrigerator, and will never be broken."

Nursery rhymes: "New Year's, wear new clothes." For poor people, there is no money to pay attention to all year round, and in the New Year, it is still necessary to have a little "new atmosphere". Wang Yi insisted, "If this is a poor family, there is one more piece, that is, to make new clothes." In fact, the extremely poor families can not even make new clothes, the most dressed up children, adults' clothes washed and sewn neatly, even if it is the New Year. Large households like Wang Yijian's family wear new clothes on weekdays, and some of them are new clothes in the box, so there is no need to make new clothes in a hurry to make new clothes years ago.

The resignation greets the rich and poor families of the Stove King

An important event on the night of the twenty-third day of the lunar month is the word stove. On this night, the Emperor of The Stove went to heaven to see the Jade Emperor and "reported on the situation in each family during the year, as the Jade Emperor's performance appraisal data for each family, so as to give rewards and punishments for 'good and good, evil and evil'."

Entering the Waxing Moon, those who went from village to village to deliver stove horses entered the door. Folk customs, selling stove horses is not called selling, but saying to send; buying stove horses can not say buy, to say please, and like please god of wealth and so on. The so-called stove horse is a wooden version of the color of the stove king statue plus month table. The upper half of the stove horse is called the stove horse head, that is, the month table of the lunar year, printed with 24 solar terms for 12 months, and the croppers sow or harvest according to the festival, which has essential practical value. At the top of the stove horse's head, there is a horse riding statue of the stove king who does not wear color, and the horse is galloping. This is where the name Stove Horse comes from. The lower half of the stove horse is a chromatic statue of the stove king.

The procedure of resigning the stove first cuts the horse riding statue of the stove king at the top of the stove horse head neatly, puts it in the rice jar for a while, called feeding the horse, feeds the horse, and drives the stove king back to the heavenly court. Then cut off the monthly table, paste it behind the door, and prepare to see it for the next year. The master of the stove in the color of the set is upright and sticking to the wall above the cauldron stove, and a small offering table is placed in front of it, with offerings, two red candles, and a pot of incense.

Offerings to the King of the Stove are generally dried fruits, while maltose is essential. "Every family, all year round, no one dares to guarantee that they will not say a wrong word or do a wrong thing." And the Jade Emperor on the Stove King, it is a must-record. So when everyone was giving him a trip to the old man, they invited him to eat a little maltose, pasted his mouth, and let him see the Jade Emperor, unable to speak clearly, and be vague, so as not to have evil retribution. Writing this, Wang Yijian sneered: "It seems that no one wants good rewards." Indeed, The Stove King's mouth was confused, not only could he not report bad things, but even good things could not be said clearly.

In ordinary families, the owner of the family lights a red candle, inserts incense, and prostrates the head. However, the status of the big households in the town below Wang Yijian's pen should be greatly reduced. "These big households, who don't seem to look up to him very much, refuse to give him incense in person, but are represented only by the cook or the old mother, and they are perfunctory." After the ceremony was completed, he took out the horse riding statue of the stove king from the rice jar and burned it together with the paper foil, and the stove king rode to the heavenly court to report on his work.

On the morning of the third day of the first lunar month, we will bring back the king of the stove and call it the stove. The ceremony is similar to that of the stove, but the offerings are made of meat dishes and wine. Wang Yijian speculated that it was probably because of the fact that the emperor "said good things in heaven and returned to the house to descend auspiciously", and special rewards were carried out.

For the statue of the king of the stove that was pasted on the wall to receive offerings, the small households kept it until the next year, when the stove was removed and burned, and then replaced with a new one. The rich and the big families are not the same, and when the stove is finished, they are peeled down and burned. Wang Yi insisted, "The reason for this is untestable. About the stove Junsi food, the poor family is difficult to eat, have to give him a special compliment to the old man. The big households are full of warehouses, Chen Chen Xiangyin, inexhaustible, inexhaustible, and there is no need to buy too much for the stove jun."

In this way, in the rich people's homes, the stove prince ate well and drank well when he quit the stove and picked up the stove, but after receiving the stove, he no longer enjoyed the offerings; in the poor family, although the two meals were poorly eaten, they ate in front of the stove all year round.