Hillside sheep Tong cares for the ancient Zhang Yanghao Yuan Dynasty peaks are like gathering, the waves are like anger, and the mountains and rivers are on the surface of the Tongguan Road.
Looking at Xidu, I hesitated.
Sadly, Qin and Han made soil in the middle of the road, and the palace was made of soil.
Rise, the people suffer; death, the people suffer.
Presumably many people have read this song less, this is actually a Yuan Sanqu, and his author is Zhang Yanghao, a famous literary scholar and a generation of officials of the Yuan Dynasty.
The Merchant's House produced a reader
Speaking of Zhang Yanghao's family lineage, he was once very prominent, and his ancestors were Zhang Jiugao, the younger brother of Zhang Jiuling, the famous Tang Dynasty minister. However, with the passage of time, the family road gradually declined, and by the time of Zhang Yanghao's grandfather's generation, the use of life in the family had become a problem. Fortunately, Zhang Yanghao's father, Zhang Yu, was good at business, and the sheep with weak crowns ran between Jingshi and Jianghuai, and became rich because of business. And Zhang Yu is also very discerning, although the Yuan Dynasty has long stopped the imperial examination, but he is not obsessed with the huge benefits brought by business, and resolutely let his son study.
Zhang Yanghao lived up to his father's expectations, and read very hard, "at the age of ten, he never dropped out of school." Seeing that he was reading all day long, his parents were very worried, afraid that he would work too hard and exhaust his body, so they forbade him to read at night. Therefore, Zhang Yanghao silently recited it during the day, and at night, he closed the door, lit the lamp, and secretly recited it.
Due to his talent and hard work, Zhang Yanghao worked in poetry at a very young age and enjoyed a literary name in the local area. When he was nineteen years old, he toured the Baiyun Tower in Jinan, climbed the tower and looked at the railing, and could not help but think of it, and wrote down the talented and heroic "Baiyun Lou Fu", which wrote: "Call it high! Zi Lou zhi has such a xi, including vientiane Yu Hongchang, flying four A Yu Hong meditation... I came to Xuanyu to climb and look out, and the mountains were a surprise show. This poem was written in a beautiful style and had a magnificent artistic conception, and was praised by the people of the time as "only one thousand gold value remaining, and the Baiyun Building of Qizhou was scattered", and it was recited by people for a while. At that time, after Reading it, Jiao Sui, the envoy of Shandong Province, was amazed and recommended him as Dongping Xuezheng.
In the 29th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1292), Zhang Yanghao, after the expiration of his term of office, followed his father's advice and entered the Beijing Division to seek opportunities. He wrote to the then Zhongshu Pingzhang Political Affairs (equivalent to the Prime Minister) Bu Kumu. Bu Kuki admired his talents and recommended him to be the Rebbe Lingshi, and later recommended him to enter the Imperial Observatory.
Presided over the first imperial examination of the Yuan Dynasty
In the ninth year of Dade (1305), Zhang Yanghao was appointed as the county magistrate of Tangyi (唐邑; northwest of present-day Liaocheng, Shandong).
Zhang Yanghao was very concerned about the well-being of the people; on the one hand, he reduced taxes and miscellaneous services, rewarded reclamation, persuaded peasants to teach sang, and developed production; on the other hand, he personally led the county officials and ordered all the obscene shrines in all localities to be destroyed, eradicating the evil behavior of the local gentry in sacrificing gods and ghosts and extorting and extorting the people. After Zhang Yanghao took office in Tangyi County, he ordered the demolition of the exhibition displaying evidence of thieves' crimes, believing that "all of them are good citizens, forced by hunger and cold, and have no choice but to be thieves", which will hinder the road of thieves' self-renewal. The thieves were moved to tears and warned each other: "We must not fail to live up to Zhang Xianyin's love for us." "There is a bully in the county named Li Hu, who gangs up to rob and kill people, and the people are deeply affected. In the past, successive county governors did not dare to ask about this matter. Zhang Yanghao ordered the arrest of Li Hu and his accomplices, who were punished according to the law, and the people's hearts were very happy, and the common people spontaneously erected a monument to praise him.
Zhang Yanghao stayed in Tangyi County for three years, and when he stepped down, Zhang Yanghao once composed a poem entitled "Title Four Knowledge Halls", proudly saying: "The sleeve has a return gift, and the bag has no twilight gold." Three years of what to get, haggard snow full of hairpins. "The people of Tangyi are very grateful for his kindness, and many years after leaving office, some people have erected monuments to praise him.
With the traditional Chinese concept of loyalty to the king and patriotism, we should fulfill the responsibility of "where the Tao is, and where the life and death are."
Because of his deep grassroots work experience, Zhang Yanghao was promoted to inspector of imperial history. Because of his upright personality, he never hid his speech, and as a result, he often made people unable to get off the stage. Zhang Yanghao did not care about the faces of these people, and then wrote a letter of ten thousand words, which was dedicated to the emperor, directly chen Shizheng's "ten harms", because "all words are straight", the result was that the powerful ministers were not tolerated, first exempted from Hanlin to be controlled, and then woven a crime, reducing him to a commoner and never being reused. Zhang Yanghao knew that this disaster had caused a big problem, so he had to change his name and escape from the capital.
In the fourth year of the reign (1311), Emperor Yuanrenzong ascended the throne. The emperor admired Zhang Yanghao's character and talent, and used him as a senator to save trouble, so that he could directly participate in the decision-making of the government. This was the most comfortable period for Zhang Yanghao's work, he was diligent in wang affairs and tried his best to assist. Under the active impetus of Zhang Yanghao and many other ministers, the Yuan court restored the long-interrupted imperial examination system. In the second year of Yanyou (1315), the Yuan Dynasty held the first imperial examination of the dynasty. Zhang Yanghao, as a waiter in the ceremonial department, presided over it together with Yuan Mingshan and Cheng Jufu. In order to recruit talents and encourage future students, Zhang Yanghao advocated that this examination should not be too strict, and certain care should be given to candidates who have fallen off the list. His claims were recognized by the imperial court, and thus many famous scholars of the Yuan Dynasty, such as Zhang Qiyan, Xu Youren, Ouyang Xuan, and Huang Shu, were recruited. The restoration of the imperial examination opened the door for the scholars to enter the army, and those disciples who had been enrolled in the examination were very grateful, and they wanted to go to the door to thank them, but They were politely refused by Zhang Yanghao, but only warned them: "As long as you think about how to use it to serve the country, you don't have to thank me." ”
With a large number of outstanding talents, the Yuan Dynasty appeared in a prosperous era known as the "rule of Yanyou".
Wander between mountains and rivers
Unfortunately, such a comfortable good day is very short-lived. In the seventh year of Yanyou (1320), Emperor Renzong unfortunately died, and his son Emperor Yingzong took the throne. And Yingzong did not have the spirit of his lao tzu, who only wanted to play and enjoy, ignored the government, and did not listen to the loyal advice of the courtiers. In the first year of the reign (1321), Zhang Yanghao, who was then a senate minister and an official with a rising voice, suddenly resigned, on the grounds that his father was old and needed to be supported. It was a good excuse, but apparently not the whole reason for his resignation.
It should be said that Zhang Yanghao deeply cherishes the political ideal of "to the junzemin" and wants to do something politically. He impeached the magnates, and did not neglect the hatred, but although he insisted on the right way and went straight, it was a pity that Emperor Yingzong fainted and killed his subjects at every turn. Zhang Yanghao, who saw through the world, resolutely chose to resign from the government and go into hiding.
Returning to his hometown of Jinan, Zhang Yanghao is like a bird returning to the forest and a fish, and the happy mood is indescribable. He gave his secluded villa a nickname, named Yunzhuang, based on a poem by the Tang Dynasty calligrapher Li Yong: "Taishan Xiong Geography, Giant Valley Yunzhuang." He opened a canal in Yunzhuang to divert water into a lake, called "Yunjin Pond", and built five pavilions such as Qiran and Humble Yi, and Yunzhuang became a paradise.
The local green mountains and beautiful waters outside Yunzhuang are also full of Zhang Yanghao's footprints, he sometimes visits Daming Lake, carries a small boat alone, and sings loudly; sometimes climbs Huabu Zhu Mountain and appreciates "Ten Thousand Mountains and Green Mountains around a Maolu, just like the middle of the picture"; sometimes climbs the Huibo Tower and chants "Birds fly outside the thousand layers of clouds, people are in the Danqing painting frame", very comfortable, why not be happy.
The beautiful lakes and mountains of his hometown, the aura of heaven and earth, gave Zhang Yanghao unlimited artistic inspiration, and during the eight years of seclusion in the countryside, he created more than 150 scattered works, which were composed as "Yunzhuang Retreat self-adaptation small music house", and the poems were compiled into forty volumes of "Guitian Manuscript". The Ming Dynasty Zhu Quan commented on Zhang Yanghao's scattered songs in the Taihe Zhengyin Spectrum: "Like a jade tree linfeng. ”
Just when Zhang Yanghao was visiting the mountains and rivers every day, the imperial court did not forget him, and he was invited out of the mountains six times. Less than four months after he returned to his hometown, he was summoned to be the official Shangshu, and for less than three years he kept filial piety for his father, and then he was summoned by the official Shangshu; in the first year of Taiding (1324), he was summoned to the crown prince Taifu, and so on. However, Zhang Yanghao was unmoved and resigned one by one.
Living above the temple and cherishing the heart of the mountains and wilderness, being far away from the rivers and lakes and thinking of the danger of the society - this is the ideal survival realm of a Chinese literati depicted by Wei and Jin metaphysics. In real life, this situation is difficult to achieve. What Zhang Yanghao pursues is exactly such a state of existence. It is often evident in his poems that this consideration of the birth of the world in the world.
A year before his retirement, he composed a poem called "The Chinese New Year's Eve of the Beijing Division": Traveling to Jinghua is old and disabled, and he will go to the world to stay in trouble. The body can be safely divided into hidden, and the son is willing to study like an official. Sloppy and bald, desolate and cold in ancient times. The Ming Dynasty counted fifty from the beginning, and the pepper plate was happy this night.
It can be seen in the poem that what he was pursuing at that time was to occupy a high position and keep his name and honor - "the body can be safely distinguished from the hidden", even if this kind of ethics is not recognized, he is willing to perch, the so-called "sloppy and dry sideburns, desolate and cold in ancient times". A year later, when he found it difficult to maintain, he retreated into the rapids and retired to his hometown. Since then, Zhang Yanghao has been living in Yunzhuang for more than 8 years, and many of the scattered songs that can reflect his greatest artistic achievements have been created here, and his collection of scattered songs has been named "Yunzhuang Huiju Self-adaptation Small Music House", referred to as "Yunzhuang Music House", with a total of more than 150 small orders and two sets. These loose songs seem to be casual, which contain the author's thinking about life, which is intriguing. Mr. Xue Xiangsheng, a professor at the Mountain Division, called it "the truth of words.". as:
(Double tone) Intoxicated East Wind:
Ten thousand words to Changsha is not returned, Liu Tao Shuyun dreamed and sighed. The illness that enters only for him, and the late receipt of the heart, will inevitably lead to many troubles. I saw some no lower branches from the previous jade shoot class, so I was lazy in my name.
(Double tone) Selling fine wine and Taiping Order
When you are an official, you only talk about idleness, and when you are idle, you also think about officials until you teach people to look at them. Once upon a time, which one did not encounter disaster?
Chu Dafu walked on the banks of the Yinze River, General Wu was stained with blood, the banks of the Wu River consumed the good han, and the Xianyang City Qian rested the chancellor. These hundreds of things, to be safe, uneasy, how to be as good as the Five Willows Village to scatter the birthday!
Died in a disaster relief post
When it was thought that Zhang Yanghao would spend the rest of his life in the landscape and raise the heavenly year, in the second year of the Celestial Calendar (1329), when the edict of the seventh conscription of the imperial court arrived, Zhang Yanghao could not sit still. It turned out that there was a great drought in Guanzhong, and the hungry people could not eat each other, and the imperial court summoned him to go to The Shaanxi Province to go to the disaster relief. Zhang Yanghao, who was nearly sixty years old, no longer resigned, categorically "scattered his family's possessions", boarded the car, traveled day and night, and hurried to his post.
Before leaving, the elderly mother took his hand and said, "I am almost eighty years old, and you are so old, after this farewell, I am afraid that we will never see each other again." Zhang Yanghao couldn't help but burst into tears, but since Gu Zhongxiao was difficult to have both, he still embarked on the journey without hesitation. This time, he was not an official, but to save the people from water and fire.
At that time, the price of grain in the disaster area was extremely expensive, a bucket of rice was worth thirteen yuan, and the people took treasure money to buy grain, if the handwriting on the ticket was a little blurred, it was not accepted, and it needed to be taken to the government treasury for exchange. Some corrupt officials and corrupt officials took advantage of the opportunity to engage in private fraud, skillfully took advantage of it, and only gave five consecutive Zhang Yanghao was extremely indignant about this, and ordered to inspect the treasure banknotes in the treasury that were not damaged and could be clearly seen, and obtained more than 18.5 million yuan, all of which were stamped on the back, and then engraved ten and five small banknotes and distributed them to the poor, ordering the rice merchants to sell the rice to them with the marks on the banknotes, and then exchange them for silver in the national treasury, and finally eliminated this drawback.
Unfortunately, the heavy relief work made Zhang Yanghao exhausted, and in just a few months, he "couldn't get sick" and died of a disaster relief post at the age of sixty.
It is the experience of disaster relief that allows Zhang Yanghao to witness the suffering of the people, he traces the past and caresses the present, and writes 9 nostalgic songs, the most famous of which is "Hillside Sheep Tong Cares for the Ancient": "The peaks are like gathering, the waves are like anger, and the mountains and rivers are on the surface of Tongguan Road." Looking at Xidu, I hesitated. Sadly, Qin and Han made soil in the middle of the road, and the palace was made of soil. Rise, the people suffer; death, the people suffer. ”
Zhang Yanghao was a good official and a literary scholar, he was one of the representative writers of the Yuan Dynasty Sanqu, and the creation of Sanqu laid his immortal position in the history of Chinese literature. Some people call his works the masterpieces of the Yuanqu Haofang school, although it is a bit far-fetched, but it also positions the style of Zhang Yanghao's Yuanqu from another angle
![Zhang Yanghao has done something, and to this day, Shandong and Shaanxi still commemorate him[fig]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=)