It's the season of spring and blossoms again, everything is revived, and the "Worm Star People" are also active. The Qingming Festival holiday is coming, tomb sweeping, spring travel, walking green... It is about to enter the peak of tick harm, and suburban tourism should pay attention to prevention. How to stay away from "bloodthirsty" ticks? Is your personal protection in place? Welcome to forward this article to your friends and relatives, you are welcome (*^__^*)
Characteristics of ticks
Ticks are also called dog beans, grass crawlers, most of the tick species host is very extensive, usually parasitic in rodents, livestock and other body surface, more choice of thin skin, not easy to be scratched parts, some species invade the human body. After the tick sucks up blood, the body of the insect expands like the size of a soybean. It is generally reddish-brown or grayish brown, oblong-ovate, flattened dorsal and abdomen, and ranges from the size of sesame seeds to the size of rice grains.
There are more than 800 species of ticks known in the world, and more than 110 species have been found in China. Common in the Central Plains are the long-horned blood tick, the blood-red fan-headed tick, and the tiny cow tick.
The life of a tick consists of four stages: egg, larvae, nymph and adult, of which adults and nymphs have 8 legs and larvae have 6 legs. Spring and autumn are the peak of tick activity, and winter is basically inactive. Tick larvae, nymphs, male and female adults are blood-sucking, hard ticks mostly invade the host during the day, the blood sucking time is longer, generally takes several days, soft ticks mostly invade the host at night, the blood sucking time is shorter, generally a few minutes to 1 hour.
Distribution of ticks
It is distributed in all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in China, and the species of ticks are different in different regions. Ticks mostly live in wild environments such as grasslands, farmland, forests, etc., and vary from tick species to tick species. Generally, it is necessary to have more suitable temperature and humidity conditions. For example, the whole ditch hard tick is mainly found in the northern forest area, the longhorn blood tick is more common in the hilly area, the grassland tick is more common in the lawn and grassland pasture, and the two-spined blood tick is mainly found in the southern hills and mountains.
Hazards of ticks
Tick bites can cause symptoms such as allergies, ulcers or inflammation, which are usually mild;
Ticks are vector organisms that often transmit pathogens (viruses, bacteria, parasites) to humans by biting and sucking blood;
Ticks can transmit a variety of diseases, it is known that ticks can carry 83 kinds of viruses, 31 kinds of bacteria, 32 kinds of protozoa, most of which are important natural epidemic diseases and zoonotic diseases, such as forest encephalitis, tick-efferated blood fever, tick-borne typhus, hare fever, Lyme disease, human granulocyte amorasia, Bartonella infection, etc., bringing great harm to human health and animal husbandry;
Tick-borne diseases are rarely human-to-human, but exposure to blood or secretions containing a larger pathogen may lead to infection.
The Seven Laws of Prevention for Ticks
1. It should be avoided as much as possible to sit and lie down for a long time in the environment of the main habitat of ticks such as grassland and woods. If you need to enter such areas, you should pay attention to personal protection, wear long-sleeved clothes; tie the legs of the pants or tuck the legs into socks or shoes; wear light-colored clothes to make it easy to find whether there is a tick attached; the surface of the knitted clothing should be as smooth as possible, so that the ticks are not easy to adhere; do not wear sandals.
2. Apply repellents to bare skin, such as DEET (DEET, only recommended for people over 2 years old), which can be maintained for several hours. Camping equipment such as clothing and tents are soaked or sprayed with insecticides such as permethrin and repellents containing DEET.
3, ticks are often attached to the scalp, waist, armpits, groin and ankles of the human body, if you find ticks attached to the body, can not be immediately removed with tools such as tweezers, do not pull hard, so as not to hurt the skin, or the head of the tick left in the skin. The correct way is to quickly find the nearest regular hospital, instruct the doctor to disinfect the bite after local anesthesia, anesthesia after the effect can be used with forceps to remove the tick, after removal, and then do local disinfection treatment, and observe the physical condition at any time.
4, whether in the human body or animal body surface, or free on the wall, the ground found ticks, do not use direct contact with hands, or even squeeze, to use forceps or other tools to clip and burn to death; such as accidental skin contact with ticks, especially the outflow after tick squeezing, to use iodine wine or alcohol for local disinfection treatment.
5. Those who have a history of tick bites or wild activities, once there are suspected symptoms or signs such as fever, they should be treated as soon as possible, and the doctor should be informed of the relevant exposure history, and should be vigilant against tick-borne diseases in the epidemic area. Even if no tick bites are detected, people returning from travel to endemic areas should keep their physical condition under observation at all times.
6. In addition to large parks and lush vegetation areas in the city, there are very few ticks in the general community, and there is no need to worry too much about living in the city and will be infected with the disease. However, when traveling with pets to tick living areas, in addition to personal protection, carefully check whether the pet's body surface is attached to the tick when leaving.
7. Residents living in hills, mountains, forests and other areas should pay attention to the cleaning and killing of ticks attached to the living environment and raising livestock.
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