About common diseases in sheep (5)
Taeniasis of sheep
Taeniasis is caused by Taenia moniz, Tapeworm ambulatory, and Tapeworm avifolia parasitizing in the small intestine of sheep and mainly harms lambs. Since the symptoms caused by these three types of tapeworms are basically similar in terms of developmental history and epidemiology, and the treatment methods are also the same, they are introduced here.
Clinical symptoms
Mild infection of the disease is not obvious, and when severe infection, it is accompanied by digestive disorders, weakness, emaciation, anemia, edema, stunting, hair removal, abdominal pain and puffiness, and diarrhea, mixed with pregnant ova segments in the feces, and later weak. Sometimes the worms gather in clumps and intestinal obstruction occurs and dies. Some present with restlessness, unsteadiness, accompanied by spreading limbs apart, and neurological symptoms such as spasms, muscle twitches, and cyclomotor movements. At the end of the disease, the sick sheep lay on the ground, tilted their heads back, often made chewing-like movements, foamed at the mouth, were extremely mentally frustrated, unresponsive, and even disappeared, and finally died.
prophylaxis
1. Practice scientific grazing: avoid grazing in wet and heavily land mite-growing areas during the infection season, and do not graze after rain or when there is dew in the morning and evening. In areas where conditions permit, it is best to practice rotational grazing of sheep and equine animals.
2. According to the infection situation in various places, deworming is carried out 30 to 40 days before the high tide of infection, and after deworming, livestock are transferred to clean grassland for grazing.
3. Insect repellent in the adult stage: Re-deworming of insectated sheep after 50 days of infection climax or transfer to house feeding.
4. Planned transformation of pasture: Ploughing and sowing high-quality pasture can not only improve the quantity and quality of pasture, but also greatly reduce or eliminate ground mites.
5. Protection of young animals: If possible, it is recommended that weaned lambs be rushed to pastures that have not been grazed for ruminants for two years, which is of great significance for the prevention of Moniz tapeworm disease.
treat
1. Thiobichlorophenol: formulated into a suspension for 1 filling, it is efficient for the above three types of tapeworms.
2. Niclosamide (chlorpheniramine): Most sheep have mild diarrhea 3 to 4 hours after taking the drug, but stop within 5 to 6 hours, and the young lambs regardless of weight size are used 1 gram, and the suspension is filled once, safe and efficient.
3. Bromohydroxyteaniline: mixed into a suspension for irrigation, which has a good deworming effect on Moniz tapeworm.
4.1% copper sulfate solution: after use according to the instructions, it should be left in a circle for observation for 2 to 3 days, and the feces in the circle should be clear at any time and biothermal deworming should be carried out. When poisoning is found, it can be rescued with yogurt, fresh milk or magnesium oxide.
5. Mebenzole: it is filled with a suspension, which has a good effect on tapeworms and repels intestinal nematodes.
6. Benzthiazole: ductile as a suspension, which has a special effect on Moniz tapeworm.
7. Praziquantel (Bayer 8440): Effective against three types of tapeworms.
coccidiosis
Coccidiosis is an acute contact infectious protozoal disease in sheep. It is characterized by hemorrhagic diarrhea, mental depression, physical weakness, weight loss, and oocysts found in the stool, and the pathogen is a variety of coccidiosis. The disease occurs all over the world and brings greater economic losses to sheep production.
Sick lambs are common, the sick sheep initially discharged soft and non-granular feces, then into a liquid, the back of the body is polluted with foul-smelling feces, attracting many flies, and there will be fly maggots. Some sick sheep contain varying amounts of blood in their feces, from rectal ulcers, which are bright red in color, and from the cecum, blackened and mixed with feces. Sick sheep are blamed, and sometimes rectal prolapse occur. Diarrhea for several days, the sick sheep loss of appetite, weakness, dehydration, weight loss of 5% to 15%. Body temperature rises initially, but quickly drops to normal or low. Depressed, reluctant to move, often lying down. Most likely to die within 3 to 4 days of onset.
In outbreaks of coccidiosis, drug treatment alone often does not yield satisfactory results, and treatment must be accompanied by preventive measures: prevention of the disease should begin with strengthening feeding management and improving environmental health. The pasture for raising sheep should be wide to prevent crowding. When feeding, high-quality green hay should be given to prevent digestive disorders and diarrhea. Feeding tanks and drinking fountains are regularly cleaned and disinfected to prevent contamination by feces. The pen must be kept dry, should always be able to bask in the sun, there should be a drainage ditch around it, the pen should be cleaned frequently, and the dirt should be removed in time to prevent the lamb from touching the contaminated items with egg sacs. It can also be used to alternate feeding with chlorphenidine, enemy bacteria net or sulfonamides to mix feeding and drinking water, and use for 1 to 2 weeks for drug prevention. Severely ill sheep must be isolated and treated to prevent the spread of pathogens.
1. Chlorobenzine and dinoflagellate net daily feeding in 2 minutes, alternate feeding for 2 weeks.
2. Sulfamethazine or sulfamethoprim: at the same time should be used with the same amount of baking soda, continuous use for 3 to 4 days.
3. Use ampaloline powder for internal or mixed feeding every day for 14 to 19 days.
4.20% furazolidone (dysentery) powder: take internally 3 times a day according to the instructions.
5. Dikruli: A master mix (0.2% or 0.5% two): mixed feeding
B dikjuli solution: mixed drink.
6. Other doses of repellent drugs such as Du Ball, Ball Net, and Ball Powder should be used according to the instructions.
Taylor carcass disease in sheep
Sheep Taylor cokeworm disease, also known as sheep poriasis, is mainly caused by taylor cokeworm, a goat of the Taylor family. Clinically, it is characterized by high fever, swollen lymph nodes on the body surface, and anemia. The disease is an acute seasonal parasitic disease of sheep and goats that can cause mass deaths in sheep.
Most of the disease course is acute, and the young sheep under 2 years of age are severely ill, the course of the disease is about 1 week, and some sick sheep suddenly die. The body temperature rises to about 41 ° C, and the breathing is shallow and fast, 60 to 80 times per minute, and sometimes snoring. The heart beats faster, up to 120 to 180 beats, and the rhythm is uneven. The conjunctiva of the eye begins to flush, followed by pallor and mild jaundice. Feeding intake is reduced to exhaustion, rumen peristalsis is weakened, and the severely ill are completely stopped. In some cases, appetite persists until death. At the beginning of the disease, the stool is dry, and in the later stage, it is diluted, and the feces are mixed with blood-like mucus and foul odor. The initial swelling of the disease is like a pigeon egg, after which it is like a walnut, the largest is like an egg, most of which is large on one side, small on the other side, and there are fewer swollen people on both sides, and there is pain on palpation, which is initially hard, and gradually becomes softer and slowly returns to normal as the condition improves. The sick sheep were rapidly emaciated, mentally resigned, isolated and backward when grazing, followed by depression, bowing their heads and shrugging their ears, their heads sticking forward and standing, their gait stiff, their strides shortened, and their pace unstable. In the later stages, he was weak, lying on the ground, straightening his head and neck along the ground, lacking response to things around him, and finally dying of exhaustion. The recovering sheep are slow to recover and have hair removal.
According to the living habits of local blood ticks, comprehensive preventive measures are formulated.
1. Eliminate ticks on the sheep body: When ticks parasitize the sheep body, according to the epidemic situation in various places, tick drugs can be used to treat the sheep body regularly. Ticks found on sheep are usually removed and executed at any time.
2. Eliminate ticks in the sheep barn: Spray ticks on the internal and external environment of the sheep house to block the gaps and small holes in the sheep house.
3. Avoid tick grazing: For grazing sheep, before the onset season comes, early transfer to alpine summer pastures without the tick for grazing. Valuable breeding sheep can be grazed to house feeding.
4. Eliminate ticks in the external environment: Combined with artificial grass planting, soil improvement and other measures, resulting in conditions that are not conducive to the survival of ticks, in order to eliminate ticks in the external environment.
5. Strengthen quarantine work: imported or exported sheep must be quarantined so as not to bring pathogens in or out. In particular, when sheep in endemic areas are imported into areas where ticks are not transmitted, quarantine of sheep is very important. In the epidemic area, it is also necessary to check regularly, detect it early, and treat it immediately.
6. Drug prevention: During the season when the adult worms of ticks invade the sheep's body, every 15 days, a preventive injection is given to susceptible sheep with Bernier.
1. Domestic Bernier: with distilled water into a 2% solution, deep points of the buttocks intramuscular injection, once a day, generally injected 3 times for a course of treatment, the efficacy is 100%.
2. Akapring: Mix with distilled water into a 1% solution and inject it subcutaneously once.
3. Blood worm clear injection (0.5% acridine yellow hydrochloride injection): intramuscular injection or intravenous injection dissolved in sugar saline, repeated medication should be more than 24 hours apart, prophylactic injection can be used in a low amount, can protect for 2 months.
4. At the same time, nursing care should be strengthened and symptomatic therapies such as strengthening the heart, rehydration, stomach, liver and choleretic should be taken.
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