Nursery rhymes are the local tunes of rural women teasing babies and children, and they are usually not cared about. The nursery rhymes circulating in Yanshan County are only collected in one chapter of Mr. Huang Shidong's book "Folk Culture of Zhongshan" (published in 2014). The author said that these children's songs are all about people and can be seen everywhere. Although it is not clear about the practical significance, the mood when humming is pleasant. Looking back on those childlike songs now shows that we once had many happy childhoods.
In fact, nursery rhymes, as the first songs in life to listen to and recite, are catchy enough, why do you need any literary depth. For example, the writer Wei Tianqiao of Zhongshan recorded in the article "Lady of the Rice": "Little baper, go up the South Mountain, fold the thorn strips, and weave the basket." To go home, there is no coiling..." A nursery rhyme, nor does it affect the depth of the article.
Recently, it was found that in the "People's Weekly" published in the nineteenth year of the Republic of China (1930), three consecutive periodicals carried twelve "Nursery Rhymes of Zhongshan" compiled by Chen Yanhua. The fellow wrote in the introduction:
When I was tired of class at the lamp, my aunt taught me a few songs, she is a very literary and artistic person, so I remember a lot, I write it down day by day, and I collect a lot. I am very eager to publish it in the people's weekly newspaper, or for comrades elsewhere to give me this little and arouse interest.
Regarding this predecessor of Chen Yanhua, I don't know where he is from, but I found that he also published some short scripts. He carefully collected these nursery rhymes, and he did not know whether they aroused the interest of others at that time. However, as we are today, we can understand some of the life trajectories of people a hundred years ago, thanks to the written records left by these predecessors. The following is a collation of these nursery rhymes, and then compare the information of today's nursery rhymes to see some changes in dialect folklore reflected in the past hundred years.
<h1>One</h1>
Little eight dogs, with bells,
Whoops, to the set,
Buy burnt bread, buy oil buns,
Do not give the father to eat, do not give the mother to taste,
I gave my daughter-in-law a scratch.
"Daughter-in-law" is the theme of many nursery rhymes, and this nursery rhyme is similar to the "small moa, long tail, married daughter-in-law and forgot the mother" that we can hear today.
<h1>Two</h1>
Little white chicken, around the grass pile,
It's sad to have a child without a wife.
Sleep with the chickens, peck me,
Sleep with the goose, the goose twists me,
Sleep with the cat, the cat will catch me,
Sleep with the dog, the dog bites me,
Sleep with a donkey, and the donkey kicks me,
Sleep with the cow, and the cow will come to me,
I can't marry a flower girl with her arms around me.
There is also this passage in the "Folk Culture of Zhongshan", but at the end it was changed to:
Marry a flower girl to lead me,
Pinch me again, twist me again,
Don't be you a prodigal wife!
<h1>Three</h1>
Little grasshopper, black at both ends,
Big flattened burden, come to the media,
He PY (why) is not allowed? Ash of the grasshoppers!
Grasshoppers, i.e. grasshoppers, locusts.
Flat shoulder, also known as grasshopper, scientific name Chinese sword horn locust.
Grasshoppers, i.e. grasshoppers, scientific name grasshoppers.
PY should be the Chinese phonetic symbol ㄗㄚ in the Republic of China period, corresponding to the current pinyin letter za, which should be the word "ㄗ". In nursery rhymes (ten), the PY should be the word "拃".
This nursery rhyme uses three insect analogies, and in just a few sentences, it describes a sad ethical drama.
<h1>Four</h1>
Plum blossoms, cracked mouths,
Grandma killed the chicken and I pulled my legs,
Chicken breast, chicken liver flower,
Rows of flowers on the hoard,
The cat pulls away, the dog catches up,
Grandma beat me up,
I buried my grandmother alive,
Grandma called me a little obedient,
I pulled Grandma out.
Hoards, utensils for holding grain.
After that, the meaning of the afternoon.
In the book "The Ninth Series of Literature and History of Zhongshan", there is a similar passage in the article "Song and Ballad Rambling" written by Teacher Meng Qingxuan:
Little bean sprout crooked mouth,
Put your throat on the rim of the basin,
Flower cat bit the lackeys on,
Grandma scolded me for a while,
I brought my grandmother a basin of water,
Grandma praises the clever ghost,
I rolled on the ground...
<h1>Five</h1>
Pulling and pulling,
One step to the mother's house.
Mother's home is far away, with an umbrella,
Mother's house is near, with a stick,
Mother's house opposite the door, holding a basin of water,
The mother's family leaned over, carrying a cigarette basket,
The mother's house is next to the wall, and the pillars are straw.
Isn't this nursery rhyme very graphic?
A young mother sits opposite a baby who is not yet one year old, a pair of large hands pulling a pair of small hands, swinging her arms to the tune of "pulling and pulling"...
Of course, the modern version of "pulling and pulling" familiar to the post-80s and post-90s should be like this:
Pulling and pulling, planting a piece of cotton after home,
Pick it up and tie it up, sew a flower pocket for Ni,
Sissy, Ni will stand,
Pocket little, Li Ni will run!
————
Straw straw refers to sorghum straw.
Pocket, finger belly pocket.
After the home here, it refers to the north of the village. In the countryside of Zhongshan, with the village as the center, the directions of east, west, south and north are called home east, home west, front gate, and home later.
<h1>Six</h1>
Who's who's home, I've seen,
Yellow face, small pumpkin,
Open mouth, exposing a few yellow plate teeth,
And two tubes of yellow snot,
Indiscriminate eyes, face full of black marijuana,
Spreading his feet, his hair messed up,
What's the point of marrying into the family, I think you want her to not want her?
It's about marrying a daughter-in-law again, and this time it's a strange and ugly daughter-in-law. Yellow face, low pier (to use the metaphor of small pumpkin), open mouth, yellow teeth, rotten eyes, hemp, bigfoot, chicken coop head plus snot two tubes, all for the stall.
This nursery rhyme is not to coax children, but to scare children. But compared with "red eyes and green nose, four hairy hooves, walking and banging, to eat live children", it is not excessive.
<h1>Seven</h1>
Little whip, whip and whip,
I asked how far away my mother's house was?
Sanli Road, Wuliguo,
In front of it is a reed,
There are three cries of fear in the reeds,
In front of it is the Grandma Temple,
Grandma temple out of the ancient wolf,
In front of the fruit row,
Fruit row lira cart,
Who is pulling?
Pull the white big sister.
What to wear?
Wear white, belt white.
I ask who died in your house?
The dead in-laws are all right,
Who does the husband rely on when he dies?
Reeds, i.e. reeds.
Three voices of fear, a bird that calls three times in a row.
Ancient wolf, weasel.
Fruit rows, orchards. Reeds and orchards were common landforms in Yanshan County at that time.
Eldest sister, married woman.
<h1>Eight</h1>
Scalper, pull big sister,
Who will pick up, brother will pick up,
Move a chair brother to rest.
Say hello Daddy, ask Niang'an,
Ask your brother-in-law to be careful with your liver.
Call yahuan, hug red felt,
Go upstairs, go and say hello,
Ask your in-laws for a few days.
The in-laws said:
It's cold, the road is cold,
The cattle do not go away and do not make trouble,
Pull the child less than the day.
This nursery rhyme describes the scene where the brother of the mother's family comes to pick up the sister and return to the mother's house. The latter paragraph is about the ideal mother-in-law relationship in that society at that time.
<h1>Nine</h1>
A flat shoulder soft sigh,
I bear the white rice on the Chenzhou,
Chenzhou praised me for being good white rice,
I praise the good girl of the state.
Tatsushu girl's ass wide,
A bunch of sesame seeds can't be sprinkled on the edge,
Weeping willows planted on both sides,
Among them, the horses stopped the dry boat.
The "meat mouth" that appears in nursery rhymes is all aimed at the theme of sexual enlightenment. After all, in that social environment, passing on the generations is the root of everything, whether in the landlord's family or the poor family, the emergence of such a "stupid son" is difficult to accept.
<h1>Ten</h1>
Small cigarette bag, a PY (拃) long,
Tulatula to the tile house,
There's a cigarette seller in the tile house.
Tula tulled into the mill,
There's a bun seller in the shop,
Tulatula into the river,
There is a big sister in the river who washes clothes,
Today is sure to hit your bare backbone.
The light backbone, that is, the back, is mainly reflected in the word "light".
A long, thumb-to-middle finger open distance.
There is a similar passage in the book "Folk Culture of Zhongshan", except that the place name has been changed from "Wafang" to "Ma Liang":
Small cigarette bag, one long,
Purr to Maran.
Ma Liang has a cigarette seller,
Purr into the beach,
There's a bun seller in the beach,
Purr into the river,
There is a little sister in the river to wash clothes,
Past touched her bare spine.
<h1>Eleven</h1>
Moon Lady, Yellow Yellow Eight,
Daddy weaves cloth, mother spins flowers,
Little hairy child, to eat mother,
Take the knife and cut it to him,
Hang it on your neck and eat it!
Moon Lady, refers to the moon, commonly known as the moon grandmother.
Spinning flowers refers to spinning cotton.
Eating mom, that is, breastfeeding.
The neck of the arm, that is, the neck.
There is also a basically the same record in the book "Folk Culture of Zhongshan".
<h1>twelve</h1>
Go out to the south,
It was a pity to meet a woman,
Our family pity her?
Looking for a son-in-law is really not bad,
Eat and drink, draw cards,
Early in the morning, the market comes in the afternoon.
There is no sesame seeds in the baked cake,
Angry kids pounce.
Flutter to the bottom of the pot,
Burn into a pig's tail.
Flutter into the mill,
Become an old donkey.
Flutter into the,
Eat a full.
Playing cards, playing strips, commonly known as playing old cards, is a kind of gambling.
Fluttering, refers to the child's sleeping on the ground and rolling.
Called donkey, refers to male donkey.
, i.e. huts, toilets.