This paper will introduce in detail the hazard characteristics of the grassland moth, and point out the four technologies of chemical drug control, biological control, physical control and agricultural control. Because the harm of the grassland night moth is extremely strong, and the difficulty of culling, the relevant agricultural production personnel need to understand its characteristics and habits, and use a variety of green prevention and control techniques to eliminate the grassland night moth, thereby reducing its harm to crops and reducing economic losses.
The grassland night moth, also known as the autumn armyworm, is a new pest that first entered China in 2019, and its danger and outbreak are extremely strong, thus bringing great losses to China's agriculture. Since the grassland moth is seriously harmful to crops such as corn, soybeans and peanuts, the relevant agricultural managers should fully understand the pest and use advanced technology to reduce the adverse effects of the pest on crops.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > first, the hazard characteristics of the grassland moth </h1>
1. Fast diffusion speed
The migratory moth is extremely capable of migrating and flying fast, and adults migrate in large numbers before laying eggs, flying up to 100 km per night. At present, 18 provinces and cities in China have been infested by the grassland night moth, and the pest flies from south to north, and the degree of harm to China's agricultural crops has deepened, due to its extremely fast spread rate, crops in many parts of China have suffered from the harm of the grassland night moth.
2. There are many types of hosts
The host of the grassland night moth is extremely extensive, the harm caused is also widespread, and its diet is more mixed, its parasitic plants can be as many as more than 300 species, and the common plants are also more than 80 kinds, almost covering most of the crops, such as corn, barley, wheat, rice, etc. have become its preferred targets of harm.
3. Strong reproductive and adaptability
On the one hand, the reproductive ability of the grassland night moth is extremely strong, because there is no natural enemy in the country at present, its reproduction rate is extremely fast, the life span of adult insects can generally reach 15 to 20 days, female insects can lay eggs many times, each female insect lays eggs will be more than 10 pieces, and each piece will have 100 to 200 grains, and its spawning ability can be compared with 10 ordinary vegetable moths. After 2 to 4 years, the eggs will be converted into larvae, and after 6 days they become adults. On the other hand, the grassland night moth also showed a strong adaptability, usually 11 ~ 30 °C for its most suitable temperature, the pest originally produced in subtropical or tropical areas, but later after the relevant professional and technical personnel tested, in temperate areas also found traces of grassland night moth, fully illustrating the adaptability of the pest.
4. The degree of harm is heavy
Grassland night moth is a bulivorous pest, because the adult insects increase the amount of food than the larvae, so most of the crops have leaf defects, and photosynthesis is uneven, so that the crop yield is reduced by up to 25%, and even some crops are cannibalized, and there is no harvest of particles. Therefore, as a "food killer", the grassland moth is extremely harmful to crops.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" >2. Green control technology for grassland moths </h1>
1. Chemical drug prevention and control
On the one hand, the use of chemical drugs for control requires the right timing, generally in the evening or early morning suitable for prevention and control, before the grass moth larvae have grown up to control it. Relevant agricultural managers can spray drugs on the leaf hearts of crops such as corn, and the commonly used agents are generally benzamide suspensions or chlorofluorocyanide emulsions. On the other hand, it is best to choose low-toxicity and high-efficiency chemical drugs when choosing drugs to avoid adverse situations of environmental pollution. In the use of drugs, we should also pay attention to rotation, do not often use the same drug, and prevent antibodies from appearing in the grass moth.
2. Biological control
First of all, the relevant agricultural management personnel can adopt ecological control technology, implement a three-dimensional planting system, and continuously increase the types of plants in the farmland, such as planting different kinds of crops such as mountain bitters, rue, beans and so on between the rows. At the same time, technicians need to collect information on the natural enemies of the pest and introduce crops suitable for their natural enemies, so as to increase the variety of organisms and reduce the harm of the grassland night moth. Secondly, to increase the conservation of the natural enemy of this pest, agricultural managers can make full use of the characteristics of biodiversity, implement natural control of a variety of organisms, maintain the ecological environment of farmland, and control the number of grassland moths. Finally, biological drug control can be used to spray relevant biological pesticides such as Aeruginosa or Bacillus thuringiensis at the beginning of egg laying by female insects, which not only protects the environment, but also effectively reduces the amount of pests, thus forming a scientific means of killing insects with bacteria.
For example, the manager of an agricultural service center in Pinglang Town, Duyun City, Guizhou Province, after discovering a large number of grassland moths wreaking havoc on farmland, through their understanding of their habits, used the local natural enemy of the pest, that is, the night moth black egg bee, for control. Staff protect the nocturnal moth black egg wasp, while biological drugs are used to eliminate immature larvae. The combination of the two methods effectively controlled the number of grassland moths, and a large number of crops were protected.
3. Physical prevention and control
On the one hand, the use of lighting technology to kill adult pests, due to the strong phototropism of the grassland moth, the relevant management personnel can place a black light or insecticidal lamp between 30 and 50 acres to hunt it. On the other hand, the larvae can also be captured by manual capture, and by using the characteristics of the pest's suspended animation, the straw on which it is attached is constantly shaken, and after the larvae are curled up into a "C" shape due to fright, they can be collected and eliminated uniformly. At the same time, in the early stage of adult insects, managers can use the chemotaxis of the pest to use the element lure core around the crop to attract male adults and kill them, thereby reducing the mating rate of male and female moths, reducing the amount of eggs, and fundamentally solving the harm of pests.
For example, after the management of an agricultural service center in Pinglang Town, Duyun City, Guizhou Province, found a large number of grassland moths, through the understanding of insect habits, the smell in the sweet and sour liquid was used to attract adult insects, and the ratio of water, wine, vinegar and sugar in the sweet and sour liquid was 16:1:4:1, and 6 sweet and sour pots were hung above each mu of field.
4. Agricultural technology prevention and control
In the early stages of planting crops, agricultural producers need to understand the growth characteristics of the grassland moth, avoid its peak growth period, and avoid crop damage. When planting crops in the northern region, it should be sown as early as possible, so as to reduce the harm caused by the grassland moth to the crops, and in some areas, before planting crops such as corn, the agent can be mixed into the seed, such as: with benzamide agent plus the appropriate amount of water to mix the seed, which can reduce the harm of pests to the seed. At the same time, the use of medicinal seeds can also play a better control effect on many underground pests without harming the natural enemies of pests. In addition, agricultural producers should also implement strict monitoring of farmland, and once the grassland moth is found to be eliminated in time, the harm caused by the pest is minimized, so as to effectively protect the farmland.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" >3 </h1>
In summary, the grassland night moth brings a very serious threat to crops, the relevant agricultural managers in accordance with the "comprehensive control, prevention first" premise, should carefully identify the form and occurrence characteristics of the pest, so that targeted, scientific and reasonable use of green prevention and control technology, not only eliminate pests, so that crops reduce damage, but also improve the surrounding environment, to avoid environmental pollution.