Huaishan is a potato plant, mainly eat its roots, because of its high sugar, fat-free and other characteristics, in recent years by the attention of all sectors of society, planting area continues to increase. The traditional planting method thinks that the environmental requirements are higher and the labor intensity is larger, so that its yield is affected to a certain extent. In view of this situation, we will continuously improve the planting technology of Huaishan, attach importance to the use of new cultivation management technology and the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests, increase the applicability of Huaishan planting, further improve the quality of Huaishan planting, achieve the purpose of high yield and high quality, and create better economic benefits. Based on this, the cultivation management and pest control measures of Huaishan are analyzed and discussed.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" >1 Innovation of cultivation methods in Huaishan</h1>
1.1 Look directly at the selection of varieties
With the continuous optimization of planting technology, Huaishan's varieties are also constantly innovating, and new varieties continue to appear, such as Black Beauty, Baihuaishan, etc., the emergence of these new varieties has improved the planting quality and yield of Huaishan. Therefore, in the process of selecting Huaishan varieties, medicinal Huaishan should choose varieties with thicker seed coats and white colors according to their characteristics of large processing consumption, and use Huaishan to choose varieties with thin skin, beautiful appearance and better taste.
1.2 Pay attention to the treatment of cultivation technology
If you use the method of direct seeding of rhizomes to plant Huaishan, you need to deal with the planted Huaishan rhizomes, that is, cross-cutting the selected Huaishan rhizomes, ensuring that the distance of each segment is 10cm, and sowing them directly into the field, but using this method will make Huaishan sprout late, so it is necessary to control the sowing time, generally need to be about 15 days in advance, to further ensure its germination rate.
If instead of using the rhizome in propagation, the buds at the top of the rhizome are used to sow directly, the buds in the rhizome need to be processed and buried directly in the field. Generally speaking, the use of Huaishan sprouts direct planting methods need to be buried in the field 20d in advance, and this way is required for sprouts, after 3 to 4 years with the continuous aging of sprouts, vitality will further decline, affecting yield, so it is necessary to update seedlings, improve the effect and quality of cultivation.
1.3 Pay attention to the cultivation of the planting environment
In the process of planting Huaishan, it is necessary to pay attention to the depth of the roots and the clay of the soil, and pay attention to the actual soil environment, try to choose a soil environment with a deeper soil layer and loose soil, and need to deeply cultivate the land before planting, generally speaking, the cultivation depth is 33cm is appropriate, and then fertilize on the basis of deep ploughing, fertilization is mainly organic fertilizer, to ensure the balance of fertilization, there can be no situation of heavy fertilization, and it is more necessary to pay attention to the amount of nitrogen fertilizer. In the planting process, try to use high furrow planting, which can further prevent the situation of water staining in planting and improve the planting environment.
1.4 Pay attention to sowing time
In the process of sowing first need to pay attention to time, generally early March is the best time to plant the seed stem, choose in this time period planting temperature is appropriate, you can dry the seed stem in the sun for about 5 days, and in the process use a certain bactericidal agent, to prevent the rot of the rhizome, and then dry into the plastic shed to germinate, observe the germination of the seed stem, if the overall germination exceeds 90%, you can move the seed stem out of the shed to sow, the general germination time needs 10 into the right, so the sowing time can be placed in late March is appropriate.
In the sowing, you need to measure the temperature of the soil, generally 15 ° C is suitable for the growth of seed buds, the sowing process needs to open up a high furrow in the field, and leave a certain drainage channel around, which requires the distance of the high furrow to be 7 to 10cm, and it is necessary to ensure that the seed stem is smooth and smooth when sowing, the seed bud is facing up and the direction is consistent, and then the soil is covered on the seed bud, and the general cover thickness is 8 to 10 cm.
1.5 Pay attention to field management
After the completion of the planting of the buds, it is necessary to fertilize Huaishan Mountain, generally speaking, it is necessary to use urea and calcium phosphate when emerging from the seedlings, if the growth of the rhizome is found, some organic fertilizer and potassium fertilizer need to be applied, if the rhizome expands again, it is necessary to replenish the organic fertilizer and potassium fertilizer again, and control diseases and insect pests in the process of fertilization, and spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Water is needed before sowing, because Huaishan rhizomes need to keep the soil dry before they grow, so it can be drizzled once a day, which can ensure the depth of the root system, and in the process of rapid expansion of the root blocks, it is necessary to double times a day to ensure that the soil is moist and cut. It is also necessary to manage the vines during growth to prevent nutrient loss and further improve the efficiency of production.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" >2 Pest control measures in Huaishan</h1>
In the growth of Huaishan, it is also necessary to pay attention to the control of its diseases and insect pests, if the control of diseases and insect pests is insufficient, it may cause problems in the control of the entire pests and diseases, which will seriously affect the overall yield, and the control of diseases and insect pests mainly includes the following aspects.
2.1 Main pathologies
The main diseases affecting Huaishan include anthrax, viruses, rust and black spot disease. Anthrax mainly affects the leaves and vines of Huaishan Mountain, the disease mostly starts from the leaf tip, and presents a semicircle and nearly semicircle, the edge is deeper, the disease area and the non-diseased area can be clearly distinguished, if the later onset is serious, there will be some black spots and sick liquid spots, and finally extend to the entire vine, resulting in the death of the entire vine.
The virus is mainly caused by the infection of some pathogenic bacteria, the outbreak is strong, and once the disease occurs, it causes the deformity of the entire plant. Rust mainly occurs in the leaves and petioles, and the leaves will appear dense yellow spots on the leaf surface in the early stage after infection, causing the rot of the whole plant, and black spots will appear in the later stage, so that the entire leaf surface will appear powdery, causing the rot and deterioration of the entire leaf surface. Black spot disease is also the main crisis causing plant disease, seriously endangering rhizomes and young shoots, causing the entire plant to break when severe, and seriously affecting the growth of Huaishan.
The symptoms of insect pests in Huaishan are also more concentrated: Huaishan leaf wasps generally erupt in June to September, resulting in reduced yields; snails mainly parasitize on the leaf surface, causing damage to rhizomes; the worms mainly feed on the sap of the rhizomes, which hinders plant growth; and the larvae of the twill moth encroach on the leaf surface and rhizome in large quantities, with a greater impact.
2.2 Disease control measures
First of all, in the process of disease prevention and control, it is necessary to further optimize the variety. More economical and practical Huaishan seedlings are selected for storage, and 25% of the bacteria such as dorin are used before storage, and stored after drying to strengthen the management quality of seedlings. Second, it is necessary to strengthen the management of the field, rational fertilization and drainage and irrigation. Clean up the diseased plant in time and manually remove the egg blocks. Physical methods can be used or some aromatic odors can be physically removed, or pesticides and flavors can be used to induce some pests. For example, in the process of pest control, you can use the method of adding oil to trap the yellow plate leaves, you can also use the method of black light booby trap, if it is a clam, you can use substances such as washing powder to make a mixed spray.
In the case of physical methods are not enough to kill insects, drug therapy can be used, for anthrax, 75% of the pertussis and 70% of tolbutzin can be used; for the virus, 1.5% of the disease emulsion can be used 1000 times or 83% of the resistance booster; for melanothenia, it can be used to use chlorheine and sokyline or 70% of the zinc of Daisenmeng 500 to 1000 times spray control; Huaishan leaf bee can use Bataan soluble powder and other drug prevention and control to further enhance the treatment effect.
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" >3 epilogue</h1>
In the process of planting Huaishan, it is necessary to improve its disease control and planting skills, optimize the planting method, and scientifically control diseases and insect pests, so as to better improve the yield of Huaishan, obtain more economic benefits, and plant more high-quality Huaishan.