When we watch the film and television drama related to the Long March of the Red Army, almost always appear a foreigner named Li De, who is the German military adviser hired by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China at that time, Otto Braun (1900-1974). In the history of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, Li De was a very special person, and a person who could not be ignored.
Reed
After Li De came to the Central Soviet Region, with the support of Bogu (Qin Bangxian), he soon gained military command of the Red Army, and at the beginning of the Long March, he became one of the leaders of the three-man regiment of the highest military leaders. Without understanding China's national conditions and the Chinese Red Army, Li De stubbornly applied military dogmatism, not only opposed guerrilla tactics, but also adopted extremely risky hard-hitting tactics, which led to the failure of the Fifth Anti-Encirclement and Suppression Campaign of the Red Army, and the Chinese Red Army was forced to abandon the Central Soviet Region and begin a difficult and tragic 25,000-mile long march under heavy losses.
Bogu
In September 1933, With the approval of the Comintern, Li De arrived in the Central Soviet Region (Ruijin, Jiangxi) as a military adviser. With the sword of the Comintern, Li De's life in the Soviet Union was extremely demanding.
Whether it is eating or living, the organization tries to satisfy him as much as possible. However, what was unexpected was that soon after Li De arrived in the Soviet area, he could not wait to ask the organization to arrange a beautiful wife for him as soon as possible.
First, the Red Army was carrying out its fifth anti-encirclement and suppression campaign and had no time to worry about it; second, Li De was a foreigner, and with a different attitude between China and foreign countries, almost no women were willing to contact him.
But Li De did not stop because of this, he did not know when he fell in love with a certain female cadre of the Central Committee of the Regiment. One day, Li De shaved off his beard, got dressed, and rode his horse to the central garrison of the regiment.
He went so far as to show his love to the female cadres in German in public: "You are very beautiful, I need you very much!" Although the female cadre could not understand it, she saw the admiration in Li De's eyes and expression, and this sudden scene made her very embarrassed.
It just so happened that the husband of the female cadre rushed over, pushed Li De away, and loudly rebuked: "Please respect yourself, consultant comrade, she is my wife, don't harass her in the future", Li De's immoral behavior immediately spread in the Soviet area, and people accused him of shamelessness.
In order to avoid such a thing from happening again, Bogu decided to let Li Jianzhen, the director of the Women's Committee, find a wife for Li De. Li Jianzhen searched and finally found Xiao Yuehua, who heard that he was going to marry a foreigner and refused without hesitation. Because of aesthetic reasons, Xiao Yuehua could not accept it at all.
However, after Li Jianzhen's ideological work three or four times, Xiao Yuehua finally burst into tears and reluctantly agreed. Due to the lack of language communication and different living habits, this is destined to be a marriage that will not last long and is tragic.
Although Xiao Yuehua married Li De, he did not get enough respect from Li De, and when he was unhappy, he threw anger at Xiao Yuehua, and sometimes because of a small matter, he would also hit Xiao Yuehua hard. Although Xiao Yuehua gave birth to a son after marriage, their relationship still did not improve.
Xiao Yuehua
After Xiao Yuehua returned from studying at Kang Da, she found that Li De and an actress named Li Lilian were mixed together, and Xiao Yuehua and Li De had a fierce quarrel. Finally, their marriage came to an end, and in 1937 the two officially divorced, and their son was raised by Xiao Yuehua.
After the divorce, Li De openly interacted with Li Lilian, they were inseparable from each other, and a year later Li De and Li Lilian married and began his second marriage. Under the influence of love, Li De also seems to plan to settle in China.
But one day in August 1939, Li De suddenly received a notice from the Comintern to return to the Soviet Union to report for duty. Li De wanted to return with Li Lilian, but because Li Lilian did not have a passport, he was not allowed to travel. At this point, the marriage also died of no success, because they never saw each other again after Reed left.
In 1949, Li De returned to his native Germany to settle down, and his main job was to translate works. In Li De's memoirs, many facts are distorted, especially some of the things that happened to him in China, and About the two marriages in China, Li De is even more silent and does not mention anything.
This article is original by Chaoyun History, welcome to pay attention to and take you along with long knowledge!