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A double-curved arch bridge soars over the South Canal, the west bank of the bridge is the famous Fucheng County Dock Town, also known as Dock Street, and the east bank of the bridge is the Dock Village of Dongguang Town, Dongguang County, Cangzhou City. Dock Street was one of the 30 bustling docks along the Grand Canal that year, "look at the dock, good style, thousands of boats racing to carry forward the sails" "industry and commerce such as Yuntun, boats and cars." Cao Chu flew day and night, and the two sides of the strait heard noise", which is a vivid portrayal of the scene of that year.
Historically, this generation was originally under the jurisdiction of Dongguang County. According to the "Chronicle of Dongguang County", this is the former site of the Taibu Temple Xingtai, and it also has the names of Horse Land, Horse Factory, and Horse Head. Because hejian was once the "horse breeding place of Taibu Temple", it was named "Horse Head". Because the town is located on the left bank of the canal and there are ships docked, "Horse Head" was changed to "Wharf". Later, due to the relocation of famous families such as the Wang family and the Ma family in Dongguang County from Hedong to Hexi, it gradually developed and formed a large residential agglomeration area, which became increasingly prosperous, especially famous for its medicinal materials and "rice noodles". Shangjia Guang repaired shops and formed North Street, West Street and South Field. Some merchants also went south and north from the canal to buy and sell, and the wharf gradually developed into a commercial port that radiated around for tens or even hundreds of miles. There is a Shunhe Street on the west bank of the canal, lined with merchants on both sides, every time the first and sixth piers of the lunar calendar are gathered, merchants gather from all over the world, the market has vegetables, grain, livestock, department stores, clothing, meat, food and other markets, the surrounding Dongguang, Bozhen, Lianzhen, Cui Temple are here to catch the market transaction, the business is hot, lively.
The east of the dock bridge is now the county seat of Dongguang County, Cangzhou City. According to the "Chronicle of Dongguang County" in the twelfth year of Qing Guangxu, the dock crossing is one of the "six crossings of the Wei River" in Dongguang, "in the west of the county, down to the Wei River, and twenty miles southwest for Lianwo Town, and the xiakou town of Xiakou Town in the north of the county crossed the water and land, and the merchants and travels gathered"; in the fifth year of the Qianlong Dynasty, Dongguang Yi ordered Chen Shangpeng to write the "Monument to the Rebuilding of the Fortress Road" for the dock bridge, there is such a description: "From the West Guomen to the South Canal, there is a long four-mile Xu, in order to rush to the province, money and grain began to solve because of Si, merchants and merchants trade because of Si, Khan rain and clouds, toe wrong shoulders." "Due to the unique geographical location and the gathering of people and logistics, there is no doubt that the wharf has formed an ancient town.
In addition to commercial docks, there are also administrative agencies set up by the government, that is, checkpoints, which mainly register, inspect, collect taxes and silver on the cargo of ships coming and going. The "Fucheng County Chronicle" describes the ruins of the dock canal checkpoint: "Located at the bottom of the Grand Canal River on the north side of the pier bridge 20 meters east of the dock town pier" "Excavated coins, bronze mirrors, Buddha statues, incense burners from the Sui to the Ming and Qing dynasties, as well as celadon bowls, plates, jars, bottles and other cultural relics" "The site has rich connotations" "The site has rich connotations." From the written records of various eras to the confirmation of excavated objects, it is not difficult to speculate about the prosperity of the dock economy.
According to historical records, in the fifth year of Qing Xianfeng (1855), the Yellow River flooded, "the huge waves churned, straight to the top of the embankment". Since then, the Yellow River has been diverted many times, which has seriously affected the smooth flow of the Grand Canal. The Qing government, which was in internal and external trouble, was even more unable to restore the full line of this north-south transportation artery, and the transportation of grain and rivers was also forced to be interrupted and changed to shipping, and the Grand Canal, which had suffered from wind and frost, gradually declined under the impact of both natural and social factors.
(Transferred from: Hengshui Grand Canal)