There is a saying in the collection circle: "The world's pear looks at China, China's pear is in Hainan, and Hainan's pear counts in the east." Huanghuali is known as the "gold in the wood" reputation, the oriental huanghuali because of the superior material, fine and uniform structure, dense and hard material, clear and soft texture, strong corrosion resistance, by the majority of collectors as a treasure. For those huanghuali growers, can they knock on the door of getting rich?
"Oriental Pear First Village" More than 500 "Golden Trees" per capita
Hainan huanghua rosewood is currently one of the most precious hardwoods in the world, known as the "crown of wood", and is listed as a national second-level protected tree species, also known as "wood gold". The Chinese medicine "incense" refers to the heartwood of the yellow pear tree, which not only has medicinal value, but also is a famous spice.
Nanlang Village, known as the "First Village of Oriental Pear", is one of the important production areas of Huanghuali in Hainan.
In 1985, the price of Hainan huanghuali was only 2 yuan per kilogram, around 1992, this figure reached 12 yuan per kilogram, and in 2002, when it was purchased in large quantities, the price was about 20,000 yuan per ton. By 2010, it had jumped to 8 million to 10 million yuan per ton. Now, the price of old materials is more than 10,000 yuan per kilogram, and the price of Hainan huanghuali bracelets sold on the market is also more than 1,000 yuan, and the price of new materials with good quality is also up to several thousand yuan per kilogram.
But in fact, in the Li people, the "four great wealth" identified by the common people in the past were frog gongs, cattle herds, mountains and powder guns, and there were no yellow pears. Locals say that in the past, the mountains were full of yellow pears, usually small branches were used to cook on the fire, and the larger ones only sold for a few cents, and their valuable value was gradually recognized and respected later.
At present, the large and old materials of huanghuali in Nanlang Village and nearby villages are now difficult to find, and the soaring price has made everyone see the huge wealth hidden behind the rosewood. Today's Nanlang Village, behind the front and back of every house, in the distance of the fields and slopes, are all pear trees. The reporter learned that there are 760 people in Nanlang Village, planting more than 300,000 pear trees, and planting more than 500 per capita.
Although huanghuali is considered to be the best of the mahogany and the most expensive wood in the world, it is also a rare tree species that grows very slowly, usually taking tens or hundreds of years. The "pear grid" mentioned in Zhang Yalian's mouth is called "tree grid" in the local area, which is the core part of the tree in the middle of the tree and the most valuable place for huanghuali. Because the yellow pear growth cycle is relatively long, it generally takes more than ten years to grow a "grid", and the larger the grid, the more valuable it is.
Zhang Yalian's family was one of the first farmers in Nanlang Village to grow huanghuali. More than ten years ago, when she was still in elementary school, she and her sister used the yellow pear seeds they picked to cultivate pear seedlings for fun, and her father moved these saplings to the mountains. Unexpectedly, an unintentional move more than a decade ago sowed a seed of poverty alleviation for their family, and over the years, the family drove a car and renovated the old house by selling pear trees.
A gram of agarwood can sell for tens of thousands of yuan, and the profits of artificial cultivation are staggering
With the soaring price, huanghuali has become a "golden pear", helping some villagers realize their dream of getting rich. However, the growth cycle of Huanghuali is extremely long, and for most villagers in Nanlang Village, the trees have just been planted, and getting rich is still a distant dream. In fact, in addition to the yellow pear, agarwood from planting to incense also needs a long process, is there any way to make the characteristic forestry can also make money when it is not timbered?
Why can this seemingly inconspicuous piece of wood sell for nearly 10,000 yuan after being carved? It turned out that what Cai Cronies wanted to do was an agarwood ornament, and the most valuable place of this ornament was this special substance on the wood - agarwood.
Agarwood is a precious medicinal material, known as "treasure of traditional Chinese medicine" and "the first of all incense" since ancient times, with high medicinal and collection value, belonging to the national second-level key protected plant species. According to the data, China and agarwood have a history of more than 2,000 years.
Agarwood is not a kind of wood, but a substance "knotted" from a special tree, which mixes the solid condensate of oil and wood components, this special tree species is several trees of the genus Agarwood of the Family Ruixiang, such as The Malay Agarwood Tree, the Wanxiang Tree, the Indian Agarwood Tree, etc., can form agarwood.
Agarwood generally grows in tropical and subtropical regions, and is mainly concentrated in Southeast Asian countries such as Vietnam, Malaysia, and Indonesia. The domestic agarwood production area is mainly in Guangdong and Hainan; Cai's agarwood is made of incense on the local white wood incense tree in Hainan.
At present, the United Nations has classified wild natural agarwood as an endangered plant and included in the scope of protection. Wild natural agarwood has basically no production in China.
Cai Qinxin: Now it is all planted, and there are very few wild ones now.
Cai Qinxin, 53, has been in the agarwood industry for 18 years and runs a professional cooperative for agarwood planting in Chengmai County, Hainan Province. People who are familiar with him call him Old Cai. The cooperative has planted more than 380 acres of white wood incense trees in the local area, of which more than 20 acres of white wood incense trees have begun to bear incense.
Cai Crony: Processing bracelets, about eight people every day, the output of processing is about 50 strings of bracelets, and now it is about to be sold in the market, a string will sell wholesale price of more than 800 yuan, about 8 million yuan of sales per year, and crafts are about 1 million yuan to 2 million yuan a year.
Cai Qinxin: This is a carved agarwood handicraft, an ornament, you only take these incense out to sell, you can sell ten thousand yuan, but I even this agarwood together, carved this thing out, it is worth three to fifty thousand. The best quality is Qinanxiang, its special feature, it does the highest grade of medicine, the best quality of medicine, this is called the heart of the dan, this piece is about 16 grams, about 170,000, to 10,000 more than a little 1 gram, on the gram.
Because of its unique health value, agarwood has been associated with preciousness and inaccuracies since ancient times. In recent years, the price of agarwood has increased by an average of at least 30% per year. What is amazing is that as of now, the price of 1 gram of high-quality agarwood has reached more than 10,000 yuan, which is dozens of times the price of gold. Although the price has soared, this has not affected people's love and pursuit of agarwood in the slightest.
Nowadays, Lao Cai, who is the head of agarwood, has become a well-known local figure, but no one would have thought that 20 years ago, he was just a farmer who fished and planted rubber for a living. By chance, Lao Cai went to work in an agarwood company and began to associate with agarwood. With the quality of hard-working and hard-working, Lao Cai was favored by his boss and gradually mastered the skill of artificial incense making. With the continuous reduction of wild agarwood, Lao Cai is keenly aware that there are broad prospects for agarwood cultivation.
Cai Cron: There are fewer and fewer wild things, and it is impossible not to plant them, so I took part of the money and contracted land with others and began to plant and raise seedlings.
Now Lao Cai has a total of 5 planting bases, and every day he has to go to each base to take a look. This 25-acre agarwood planting base, which was contracted by Lao Cai in 2012, is also the only 25 acres of incense trees in the cooperative that have been artificially made for five years. The raw materials needed for the production of agarwood products in the Lao Cai Cooperative are basically provided by this base.
At present, Lao Cai's agarwood cooperative sells 8-10 million yuan of agarwood products every year, with a lot of income. However, agarwood also needs a long process from planting to incense, at least 10-12 years, lao Cai's cooperative still has more than 350 acres of white wood incense trees, most of which have not yet reached the incense stage. In order to fill the gap waiting for incense and get more income, Lao Cai also worked agarwood seedlings and understory breeding to expand new income channels.