Haidian Island is located in the north of Haikou City, with an area of 13.8 square kilometers and a population of 193,800, it is an island within the city of Haikou and a city within the island. The island is home to businesses, real estate, schools, food... It is a splendid island, named after "Nanming Qidian" by Zhang Zhidong during the Qing Dynasty, and the name of Haikou City also originates from this island. It has grown from scratch, from small to large, and has witnessed the vicissitudes of nearly a thousand years...
Figure 1 Map of Haidian Island now
Nandu River is the largest river in Hainan, is the mother river of Hainan, originates from Nanfeng Mountain in Baisha County, flows through Danzhou, Qiongzhong, Lingao, Chengmai, Ding'an and other cities and counties, confluence of waters, from southeast to northwest, across the whole territory of Haikou City, several diversions into the sea. The eastern and northeastern areas of Haikou City were originally formed by the alluvial formation of the Nandu River, due to the flood tide and the uneven distribution of sediment silt in the past, resulting in the area of harbors, small rivers, ponds and swamps dotted around, and the land in Haikou has extended to the sea by an average of 1.5 meters per year for 4,000 years. Where it rushes into the sea, a large amount of sediment gradually accumulates into a beach.
Before the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the Nandu River entered the sea from the mouth of the Bochong River, and the alluvial formation of the white sand land, the White Sand River appeared.
During the Tang Dynasty, two long-striped islands appeared in Baishamen and Haitian Village.
Before the Song Dynasty, there were successive lands such as Feeding Horse Dui, Baishamen, Guogang Village, Haitian Village, Tongjin Village, Rouge Garden, and Guanchang Village. In the Northern Song Dynasty, the earliest port of ancient Haikou - Baishajin was formed. According to many sources, Baishajin at that time was located north of Haitianyuan (present-day Guogang Village) and Baisha (present-day Ji'an and Xin'an Villages). After that, sandbars appeared outside Baishajin, called outer sands, and developed into "new ports", and the islands in the sea also appeared. On the north bank of Haidian Creek, there is a tidal flat, under the alluvial of the tide and flood, the sea sand continues to gather, and land begins to appear, where the ancestors fish and live, forming the earliest Haitian Village on the side of Haidian Creek.
During the Southern Song Dynasty (1127~1279), Baishajin was renamed "Shenying Port", initially as a water army village, and then gradually became a market, the earliest street called Baisha Street, about 200 meters long. Ming Zhengde's "Qiongtai Zhi" records: "The former name of Shenying Port is Baishajin, in the northern ten miles of the county, the capital of Yizhou, the land of Jugang. In the beginning, the port could not be opened to large boats, and there was a risk of wind and waves. Song Xiningzhong (1068), Qiong Shuai Wang Guangzu was not finished, Chun You Peng Shen Nian (1248) suddenly hurricane masterpiece, self-rushed into the port. People think that God deserves the name, and Song placed the port of Xuwen Anduilei here." It can be seen that at that time, foreign cargo ships often "came" in Baishajin, and trade was very prosperous. However, "the port is not accessible to the big boat." At that time, Wang Guangzu, the commander of Qiong Shuai, worked with manpower to straighten the harbor road, but soon after each excavation, the sediment in the water would compound. "Suddenly the hurricane is great, and it rushes into the harbor, and people think that God deserves the name." A myth has made Pak Sha tsing prosperous for many years. Until the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, there was also the Hefei poet Wang Hui's poem Shenying Port: The river runs into the sea, and the turbulent sand barrier is used as a. Counting the number of miles, the winding hand over to Twin Streams. The harbor is still narrow- and the tide is low. Fish people frequently uncover water, and each stick of the ship is filled with clay. Song will be Wei Hehe and Wang Shili together. The sand is full of shovels, and the weir water jumps the whale salamander. It will open up Russia and merge, and it will be connected and confused. The sea god drives away all the tribes, and the hurricane mother drives the flock of rhinos. Beigang is open like a trench, and the sails are like a stream. At the beginning of the construction of the temple altar, the sacrifices were carried. Not alone, but also joyful. At that time, God responded, and this day was divided into questions. Rambling away from the cup of persuasion, Pampering stationed in the horse hiss. Unbearable emotions, looking back at Twilight Cloud West."
With the prosperity of Shenying Port, Haitian also gradually developed, with the emergence of streets and the opening of Confucianism. Later, because the harbor road of Shenying Port was repeatedly silted by floating sand, the boats often moored outside the Baisha Mouth and waited for the tide to enter. In the fourth year of Song Xining (1071), the outlet of the Nandu River was called Haikoupu, and the name of Haikou began from then on (see Haikou City Chronicle). Therefore, at the end of the Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, "moving (Baisha) jinshi (Haikou) Pu, from Pudu to the sea called Haikou Port". Ming Zhengde's "Qiongtai Zhi" records: "Haikou Port is in the north of the county. The water crosses the river from the south, and at this point it will become a port. Present-day Guandu has since reached Haibei". In Haitian Village, Jianpu, because haitian village was located at the mouth of the Nandu River at that time, it was named "Haikoupu", which has a history of more than 1,000 years. Now when Haidian Island is spoken of in Hainanese, Haidian Island is often not said to be "Haidian", but "Haitian", which can be said to be one of the oldest place names in Haikou.
During the Song Jiaxi period (1240), Haitian Village began to build renxin temple, cigong shangren yun traveled to the present-day Haidian Creek North Bank Provincial Shipbuilding Industry Corporation, found that the Mazu Temple and Luban Temple here are strange terrain, standing on the other side of the Long Causeway to see like lotus flowers floating on the water; When the water level of the Nandu River soared or the typhoon tide struck, the neighboring villages were flooded, but here the water surrounded it and did not enter, so it was decided to raise funds to build a temple here. Finally, the Daxiong Treasure Hall and the Rulai Hall were built on the vacant land on the original site of the Mazu Temple and the Luban Temple, which were dedicated to Shakya Rulai Buddha and renamed "Renxin Temple". Later, a temple of medicine man Liuliguang Rulai was built on the right side. After the temple was built, the incense was very exuberant, and at that time, there was a saying that there was "Nanshan Temple" in the south and "Renxin Temple" in the north. During the Cultural Revolution of the last century, the original Renxin Temple building was demolished. Today, on the original site of Renxin Temple in the shipyard, there is also a simple Renxin Temple Buddhist Hall.
In the fourth year of emperor Yuanwuzong's reign (1311 AD), he set up the Qiongzhou Fushi Division in Haikou Pu to oversee overseas trade (Nichi Kobata Jun's History of Hainan Island). Haikoupu gradually replaced Baishajin as the largest port in Qiong County. At that time, because Hainan's prefecture and prefectural seat were located in the fucheng of the current Qiongshan District, it was the political, economic and cultural center of Hainan. To the north of Fucheng, because it is mostly a tidal flat, and the residents are fewer, it is relatively desolate, but in the Song Dynasty, with the rise of the port industry, the continuous export of Spices from Hainan and as a supply station for long-distance ships, Haikoupu gradually flourished, and the number of people living from all directions increased, and this area formed Xin'an Village, Guangang Village, Haidian One Temple to Six Temples, etc. At the same time, here and other villages began to build interconnected streets, forming a new urban area outside the Fucheng at that time.
Baishamen Tianhou Temple was built in the Yuan Dynasty, is the first Mazu Temple built in Hainan, and is also the starting place of Hainan Mazu culture, which is said to have been built by Fujian merchant Jia who crossed the sea to Haikou to do business. In the past, there was a small port in front of the Tianhou Temple where ships could berthed, and it is said that when officials went to Hainan Island to take up their posts, they all landed here, and the first thing they did was to enter the palace to worship Mazu, and then take office; merchants crossed the sea to Hainan, landed here, and must also worship Mazu here before they could do business. For hundreds of years, the ancestors of the village have lived a day when the sunrise sails up, the sunset is full of return, and they ask the sea for a living, and in the wind and waves of the sea, they look forward to a good harvest and peace. Therefore, worshiping Mazu and praying for peace became an indispensable part of their lives.
Figure 2 Baishamen Tianhou Temple
At that time, Haikoupu was a wharf, residential area, commercial port, and it also had military functions. At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, Haikou Pushang successively set up the "Su MinShou" for "collecting the defeated soldiers of Xiangxing at the end of the Song Dynasty" to train and defend the sea, and the "Fanmin Institute" and "Nanfan Institute" set up by the "Champa troops" who captured and captured them. Due to the increase in land and people, Haikou Pu has been expanding, the port terminal has been moved to Tongjin, and the guandu has been built at the mouth of Shuixiangkou. At the end of the Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, the sea water between Haitian Village and Baishamen was gradually filled with sediment accumulated, and by about the Ming Dynasty, the two islands had been connected together, collectively known as "Haitian". The name Ofamarkong is still there, but it is no longer a separate island. In the 28th year of Ming Hongwu (1395), in order to prevent robbery and harassment by the Wokou, the city of Haikou was built in the area of the old town of haikou City, and the east-west, north-south cross road was built.
Figure 3 Map of the area around Haitian in the Ming Dynasty
In the Ming Dynasty, the policy of forbidding the sea and preventing the Koukou was implemented, and there was very little contact between the South China Sea Androcks. In order to strengthen the defense, Ming Taizu merged the four prefectures of Hainan into Qiongzhou, which belonged to Guangdong, and transferred some of the officers and men of the Yazhou Guard Station to Haitian and set up a Haikou guard, while training sailors to defend the sea, while Tuntian to meet military needs. The Qing Xuantong "Chronicle of Qiongshan County" records that in the first year of Ming Longqing (1567 AD), "the Baisha Water Village was established, with 60 warships, 1,822 officers and soldiers, and a total of one member..." It can be seen that Haitian was already an important military town in northern Qiongzhou at that time.
From the middle of the Ming Dynasty to the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, merchants such as Fujian Minnan and Guangdong Chaoshan frequently came to Qiongqiong to do business and settle down, and the population of Haitian Village grew, so temples were built to pray for blessings and peace. It stretches for more than ten miles from east to west; and the name of the village is determined by the name of the temple, and there are "one temple village" and "two temple villages" and so on. The temple offers sacrifices to Tianhou, Fire Thunder, Nanhai Niangniang, Taihe Sanxian, Guan Sheng, and the Three Divisions (Zhang Tianshi, Mu Shi, and Lingfu Grand Master), and there are always dozens of them. Haidian Island is known as "half sea water and half temple", Haitian villagers build one temple, two temples, three temples, four temples, five temples, six temples according to the stream, collectively known as "Haidian Island Six Temples", Haitian Village is eventually divided into 6 villages from one temple to six temples according to the location of the temple. In front of the temple in each village, there is a wide square, tall and luxuriant ancient banyan trees, loquat trees shade the sun, becoming a place for villagers to relax and cool off; opposite each temple has a stage, in the event of a major festival, everyone pays for the opera class to sing Qiong opera, and the villagers gather together to lively and lively. The temple has become a part of the daily life of the Haidianxi people.
Figure 4 The Four Temples of Haidian staged a Qiong opera
In the twenty-third year of the Qing Kangxi Dynasty (1684 AD), the ban on the sea was abolished. Haikou Port became the main trading port of the whole island. In the sixth year of Qianlong (1741), the invigilator Chen Guoan and others initiated the donation to connect Haidian Creek with the Nandu River between Baisha Village (now Xin'an Village) and Baishafang, making Haidian Creek a tributary of the Nandu River. Haikou Port is also often blocked by floating sand, and large ships can only wait for the tide to enter, or barge in small boats, or enter and exit from Yanzao Port through the Waisha River, which is extremely inconvenient. Therefore, during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, Baishamen Port prospered again, and three streets were built in Baishamen Zhongcun, east, middle and west. From the twentieth year of Qianlong (1755), the Fujian-Cantonese Chamber of Commerce was successively established in Baishamen Shangcun. The donation stone stele of the Minyue Xing (Hua) Chao (Zhou) Guild Hall and the Fujian Zhang (Zhou) Quan (Zhou) Guild Hall are still there today, and there are more than 180 donation companies recorded in the stone tablets alone, and it is estimated that there are no less than 400 businesses near Baishamen.
In 1858, after the signing of the Treaty of Tianjin, Haikou was opened as a foreign trade port, and consulates of various countries were established one after another. In the second year of Guangxu, the "Qiongzhou Customs" was officially established in Haikou, and the port of Haikou became a gateway for imperialism to plunder the island's resources and dump foreign products. The prosperity of the port made Haitian at that time a commercial and urban center of Haikou.
Figure 5 Map of the area around Haitian in Guangxu 23
The "Book of Han and Geography" records that Hainan Island: "In the vastness of Nanming, there are thousands of miles of Qidian..."; Ming Taizu Hongwuchu once gave Hainan Island the title of "Nanming Qidian" in the "Raohai Nanwei Command pardon"; in the thirteenth year of Guangxu (1887), when Zhang Zhidong, the governor of Liangguang, inspected Haikou, he thought that Haitian was the gateway to Haikou, the sea frontier was vast, and it was the fortress of the border waterproof army of all generations, and he thought that it was like "Nanming Qidian", so he changed "Haitian" to "Haidian".
Figure 6 "Nanming Qidian" square in front of Haidian Temple
The ancient Changsha slope is not connected to the urban area, it is a sandbar in the creek, and there is a stream (a tributary of Haidian Creek) across Zhendong Street and Sanya Street. The Lu'an Stone Bridge crosses the creek, so that Changsha Slope is connected with Zhendong Street and Sanya Street, and is a passageway for Haidian residents to enter the market. The bridge, "a section of three doors, three feet long and two feet long and seven feet high", was built in 1913 by the merchants. In the 1940s, garbage and filth filled the bridge and the water flow stagnated. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, due to the needs of municipal construction and pollution control, the creek was filled in as a road, and the bridge was demolished.
At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, in addition to Haidian Township, Haidian also built a French consulate, Mobil Oil Company, Fanguang Foundry and so on. After the Republic of China, with the prosperity of commerce around Deshengsha, Zhongshan Road and Jiefang Road, Haidian gradually became the location of residential and a small amount of industry.
However, the port of Haikou is narrow and shallow, and the passengers and goods on and off the steamship still need to be transported by sailing ships, so there are still a large number of barges busy in Haidian Creek, and the residents living by the river have the privilege of witnessing its final prosperity. At that time, many Hainanese people also embarked on the road to Nanyang to make a living from haikoupu port. According to records, during the light years of the Qing Dynasty, there were no less than 100 sailing ships from Haikou to Vietnam, Singapore, Thailand and other countries every year, and most of the sailing ships went out to sea. After the Republic of China, there were more than a dozen domestic and foreign ships going from Haikou to Nanyang, and the number of Hainanese who went out of the sea from here gradually increased. According to Qiong Customs records, in 1918 it was more than 10,000 people, and in 1927 it reached nearly 50,000 people.
In 1926, Haikou civilian education was very active, so the Haikou Civilian Education Committee was established, with 18 leading members including Zhu Runchuan, Lin Ji, Lin Ping, Ke Jiayu, and Feng Chaofan, who were responsible for organizing and leading the city's civilian education work. The committee formulated a civilian education plan for the entire Fuhai area, with two daily schools and three night schools, and the school was located in the primary school of Zhongshan Public School on Deshengsha Road, qionghai workers' club, Haidian Five Temples and other places, with 293 students. The main purpose of the civilian schools is to mobilize illiterate male and female peasants and out-of-school children in urban and rural areas, especially in rural areas, to enter schools to eradicate illiteracy and instill revolutionary ideas. During the period of Japanese occupation from 1939 to 1945, the educational undertakings in Haikou were destroyed, the original primary schools were generally forced to be suspended and disbanded, and the Japanese military authorities successively held several primary schools to cultivate "Shunmin", such as the first primary school in the south gate, the second primary school outside the west gate, the third primary school outside the east gate, and the fourth primary school in Haidian. The Japanese military authorities sent personnel to teach, forced students to learn Japanese, instilled in them the "Shunmin" ideology of the so-called "Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere," and frequently beat and insulted students, which was resisted by the broad masses, and many people preferred to leave their children to study at home or attend private schools rather than send their children to these schools.
Figure 7 Map of Haidian in the 21st year of the Republic of China
In the 31st year of the Republic of China (1942), fukuda company, which was opened by the Japanese, was the largest agricultural machinery workshop in Hainan at that time, and the original factory site was in Haidian Island, Haikou City.
The First Mint of the Guangdong Provincial Government moved to Hainan on the eve of the liberation of Guangzhou. On November 19, 1938, the Republic of China set up an office at No. 26, Shuixiangkou, Haikou City, and the workshop was located in Haidian, Haikou City.
In 1948, the private Huiwen Middle School was built on Haidian Island.
On March 31, 1950, 3,733 commanders and fighters of the 127th Division Reinforcement Regiment of the 43rd Army of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (hereinafter referred to as the Reinforcement Regiment) received the order to cross the sea and set sail from bozheng port on the Leizhou Peninsula in 88 wooden boats that night, planning to land the next day in the area of Buchuang Port in Qiongshanta City, Hainan Island. This is the fourth time that the PLA field force has dived across the Qiongzhou Strait. In the darkness of the night, 88 wooden boats quickly marched to their destination. Unexpectedly, just as we were approaching the sea near Haikou, our army encountered 7 Kuomintang warships. The Kuomintang warships turned on the searchlights and fired flares together, and the dark sea was suddenly as bright as day, and the 88 wooden ships of our army were exposed for a time, and there was nowhere to hide. The two armies met, and the enemy immediately opened fire. Suddenly, the cannon fire on the sea was continuous, stirring up huge waves of water. The reinforcement regiment quickly drew up a battle plan: with the first and second battalions as the commando team, advancing at full speed on the left side of the command ship at the regimental headquarters; with the eighth, ninth and machine gun companies of the third battalion as the cover team, on the right side of the regimental headquarters, it was responsible for blocking the warships attacking the PLA from the direction of Xiuying and covering the landing of the main force as originally planned. The two armies fought at sea for several hours, and the cover suffered heavy casualties, but it also contained the enemy forces. Without a radio, the cover lost contact with the reinforcements and drifted down the water to a deserted island.
Before dawn on 1 April 1950, the cover team abandoned their ships and landed on a vast tidal flat, eliminated a platoon of defenders, captured several prisoners, and after interrogation, learned that the island was called Baishamen Island. Baishamen Island covers an area of less than one square kilometer and is only 5 kilometers from Haikou City, the core area of Kuomintang rule. To the north is the sea, to the east is the outlet network of the Nandu River, the largest river on Hainan Island, to the south is separated from Haikou City by a sea of less than 100 meters, and to the west is the port where the enemy fleet is moored. The cover's unexpected landing was much unexpected by the enemy. The shocked enemy mistakenly believed that the PLA's move was intended to cut off the Qiong (Shan) Wen (Chang) Highway and the Hai (Kou) Yu (Lin) Highway and attack Haikou, and immediately the position was chaotic. Xue Yue, then commander-in-chief of the Kuomintang Hainan Defense, urgently ordered the 37th Regiment of the Provisional 13th Division of the Mobile Force stationed at Lingshan to come to reinforcements, and the Haikou Garrison Headquarters also concentrated the police and gendarmes of Haikou City into battle and prepared to fight a battle against the city. Xue Yue himself fled by car to Wenchang.
On the morning of April 1, 1950, the enemy formed a siege on Baishamen Island, taking turns to bomb and strafe, rain of guns and bullets, and sand splashing. Our army lacks strong bunkers and is in a very unfavorable situation. However, the bravery and fearlessness of our soldiers have exhausted all kinds of methods to block the fierce offensive of the enemy. By the evening of the 1st, the enemy army, which had launched dozens of attacks, had still not been able to capture Baishamen Island. On the evening of 1 July, the provisional command of our army adjusted its tactics according to the battle situation and believed that it was necessary to seize the ship and break through. After several rounds of desperate fighting, our army finally recaptured a few wooden boats, and Feng Kaizhu, commander of the Eighth Company, returned to the mainland by boat with the seriously wounded. On the morning of April 2, the soldiers of our army who remained on Baishamen Island launched another charge, but they failed, most of them sacrificed, and finally only 7 people broke through successfully, and were sent to the Wuzhishan revolutionary base area by the comrades of the Qiongya underground party to rest, and returned to the army after liberation. On April 3, when the gunfire stopped, the Qiongya Underground School Federation organized some of the masses to go to the Baishamen area to look for plattered PLA fighters, who, in the name of swimming at the beach, bushes, and small posts, and where there was a possibility of hiding, put down steamed buns, rice balls and other food, hoping that this might help the scattered fighters to persevere.
In 1952, a plank bridge was built to connect Haidian Island and the urban area, but it was soon washed away by floodwaters. In 1969, the reinforced concrete bridge was built, and in 1970, it was completed and opened to traffic, called the People's Bridge. The total length is 353.8 meters, the width is 9 meters, and the load standard is -13 tons of steam. In 1986, it was expanded, unchanged in length, and widened to 22.2 meters, of which the motorized road was 7.7 meters, the non-motorized road on both sides was 5 meters wide, and the outermost sidewalk was 2.25 meters wide, and the structure was: the main bridge pouring pile I-beam micro-curved plate form, 83.8 meters long; the lead bridge is a "U" shaped abutment double curved arch form; the guide is a concrete retaining wall form. The infusion pile "T" shaped beam is slightly curved reinforced concrete slab structure, the lead bridge is elevated, and the leadway is a concrete retaining wall.
In September 1958, Haikou No. 2 Middle School was founded, located in Haidian Island, Meilan District, Haikou City, along Jiangyi East Road.
In the autumn of 1959, the Hainan Fisheries School moved to the deserted beach of Haidian Bengdui Village in Haikou, under the leadership of the Fisheries Bureau of the Hainan Administrative Office, and Chen Bozhou served as the principal.
In 1963, the Guangdong Provincial Fisheries School moved to Hainan, merged with the Hainan Fisheries School, abolished the Hainan Fisheries School, and the new school was named Guangdong Provincial Aquatic School. In 1979, according to the opinions of the Guangdong Provincial Fisheries Bureau, in November of the same year, with the consent of the Hainan District Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Guangdong Provincial Fisheries School was restored to a deputy division level. In February 1983, the Guangdong Provincial Fisheries School was moved from Haikou City to Guangzhou City, and the site was transferred to Hainan University.
At the end of 1960, the Hainan Fishery Company moved to Haidian Island, Haikou, the company built 6 fishing boats, did not put into production, in May 1962 announced the suspension, the hainan fishing boat repair factory was retained, and then merged with the Haikou Fishing Boat Factory, belonged to the local state-owned enterprises of the Agricultural Committee of Hainan Administrative Region, and was changed to the Guangdong Provincial Fishing Boat Repair and Construction Eighth Factory in 1963, which belonged to the Guangdong Provincial Fisheries Department. At the end of 1968, the factory was decentralized to local management, and in 1979, the Guangdong Provincial Fisheries Department was repossessed as a directly subordinate enterprise and renamed Guangdong Haikou Fishing Shipyard (also known as the Eighth Factory), which was managed by the Guangdong Shipbuilding Industry Company. In 1985, it was decentralized to the Hainan Administrative Office. In 1989, it was renamed Hainan Fishing Shipyard, and in 1990, the number of employees was 270. Later, it was renamed As Hainan Shipbuilding Industry Corporation.
Founded in 1962, Hainan Institute of Education is located in Haidian Island, formerly known as Hainan Teachers' Training School, which was discontinued in 1969, resumed on December 26, 1980, and expanded into a teacher training college, and renamed Hainan Institute of Education on June 22, 1983. In 1963, Hainan Post and Telecommunications School was founded in Haidian Island.
From 1966 to 1968, a stone embankment from the first temple to the sixth temple section was built on the north bank of Haidian Creek, and in early 1970, the Navy Shipyard to the first temple section was taken straight to build a stone embankment with a length of 1200 meters. In the same year, the two sides of the strait began to build a 12,800-meter flood control and tide barrier embankment in HaidianWei. In 1980, it was hit by Typhoon No. 7, which broke the embankment and broke through 9 places, with serious losses. Since 1981, after four years of construction, the retaining enclosure project has been reinforced by 10,500 meters, starting from the Six Temples of Haidian in the west, heading down to the Roundabout Hotel to near the Xinbu Bridge, with an elevation of 3.5 meters to 5.2 meters at the top of the embankment and 2.2 meters above the stone embankment on the north bank of Haidian Creek.
In 1970, Haikou launched the city's military and civilians to "encircle the sea to build fields", and surrounded 16 villages, including Haidian Six Villages, Fu'an Three Villages, Baishamen Shangzhongxia Village, and Guangang Village, as well as rivers and tidal flats, into a new Haidian with an area of 6.5 square kilometers. In 1970, because the situation of national turmoil had just subsided, grasping the revolution and promoting production was put on the agenda. Haikou City has set up a sea-barring command center, with a member of the standing committee of the municipal party committee as the commander-in-chief, and the headquarters has an office, a political work group, a construction group, and a logistics group. On May 12, 1970, the construction of the sea barrier was officially started, and according to the plan, they planned to build an 11-kilometer-long embankment and five gates. On the day of construction, tens of thousands of people gathered from all directions of Haikou. After arriving at the People's Bridge, people walked for more than half an hour and crossed the river to work. In July 1970, in just two months, the No. 1 gate and the nearby embankment of the "Sea Reclamation" movement were completed, adding the first part of the field to Haikou. Most of Haikou's 200,000 residents have taken turns to devote themselves to this vast project. At that time, Haikou invested about 10,000 people every day to carry out a huge sea blocking project, this movement to challenge the sea with the sea of people, almost no construction machinery, completely relying on human labor, when the tide is high, people without complaint soak in the waist-deep seawater, lined up in a row of queues, once and for all to pass the basket of silt they fished from the sea at low tide; the embankment is densely packed, people are in groups of three or two, bulldozers, it takes more than 3 years, many participants, and after thousands of hardships. The campaign left Haikou with 13,000 mu of Haidian Island, and the actual usable farmland area is more than 6,000 mu. Because the surrounding fields are close to the sea, the salty soil is not suitable for rice growth, and it must be continuously poured with fresh water before it can be planted. It was estimated that the cost of planting per kilogram of rice at that time was as high as 0.4 yuan to 0.5 yuan. Because the villagers near Baishamen, Fu'an Village, Xin'an Village and Haidian Yimiao on Haidian Island have been fishing for a living for generations and are reluctant to grow rice. In order not to let these rice fields be abandoned, the government had to mobilize some villagers from Changliu and other places to form a "sea-blocking brigade" to cultivate the land. According to the "Chronicle of Changliu", "In 1973, the seablock project in Haikou City was basically completed, and 500 villagers from Rongshan, Changde and other villages, including Chen Yuming, Li Meikuan, Cai Jiazheng, Wang Bangjian, Wu Yezhen, Chen Chengfeng, and Wu Mingyun, responded to the call of the municipal party committee and the municipal government and went to Haidian Island to open up wasteland and build land to form a barrage village."
In the 1970s, this sea-barricading movement also completely changed the geographical landscape of Haidian Island, so that the river system originally connected to the sea circulation system was either cut off or disappeared, and later with the development of urban construction, the original section of the river was built into a drainage channel. For example, in the 1950s and 1960s, the water of Haidian Creek was very deep, about 2 meters deep, and the water was also very clear, which could be seen to the end. Every Dragon Boat Festival, the creek becomes a good place for people to row dragon boats. In the 1960s, there were many rivers on Xinbu Island and Haidian Island, and the Century Bridge and Haida area were fish ponds, and after the land reclamation around the sea in the 1970s, especially after the development and construction in the 1980s, many small rivers were basically disconnected. In addition to Haidian Creek, there is also a river called DuckTail Creek. Ducktail Creek is a fork of the Henggou River that runs all the way to Haidian Wuxi Road. However, in the 1970s, due to the construction of the road, that is, the construction of the People's Avenue, the Yawei Creek was cut off, and the water could not flow to Haidian Wuxi Road. In the early 1990s, Hainan Huandao Company filled in another 2.4 square kilometers of land north of Haidian 6th Road. Today, Haidian Island is more than ten times the original area. Today's Haidian Island Barrage Area brings together hainan university, Haikou people's hospital, gold coast luoton hotel and other units, communities, as well as baishamen park and other important urban infrastructure facilities. A large number of mid-to-high-end residential quarters in the city have also been built here.
Figure 8 Sunset on Haidian Creek
At the beginning of 1971, in order to develop oil sources, the Municipal Grain Bureau built a rice bran leaching oil plant on Haidian Island, with a plant of about 500 square meters and produced 91,600 kilograms of rice bran oil. From 1973 to 1976, rice bran oil was produced in 75,000 kilograms, 86,000 kilograms, 80,000 kilograms and 40,000 kilograms, respectively. In 1977, production was stopped because there was no rice bran in each prefecture.
In May 1979, more than 3,000 meters of large and small water pipelines were laid on Haidian Island, of which 1,670 meters were seamless steel pipes of 200 mm across the People's Bridge. Thus ended the history of haidian island residents drinking water from wells and rivers.
In 1979, the western part of Haidian Island was full of paddy fields and ponds, and residents lived in the eastern area, mainly the coastal Dianxi area of the first and second roads near the Renmin Bridge, and the rest of the country was basically deserted.
In October 1980, the Haikou Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Institute, with the support of the municipal government, self-financed the construction of a new site in Haidian Six Temples (now Haidian Yanjiang 2nd West Road). The Institute consists of administrative offices, prevention departments, medical departments and outpatient departments (two departments). The main equipment is X-ray machine, incubator, drying chamber, analytical balance scale and so on. In 1986, an old ambulance was converted into the first X-ray vehicle in Haikou, which brought convenience to the physical examination and tuberculosis screening.
In 1980, Haidian Island was hit by a strong typhoon No. 7, breaking through 9 places and causing serious losses. Since 1981, the embankment has been reinforced, and 10.5 kilometers have been reinforced according to the standard of 10 years of tide level plus 9 wind and wave height. The elevation of the top of the embankment is 2.98 to 4.58 meters. Since 1998, the island's flood control and tidal embankment project has been re-planned, surveyed and designed, and the national debt funds have been used to complete the reinforcement and reconstruction of the embankment on the right bank (north bank) of Haidian Creek.
On July 5, 1983, the Hainan Administrative Region Office requested instructions on the application of Hainan University for land requisition, which was approved by the provincial government on August 1. The reply said: Hainan University, approved by the Ministry of Education and the People's Government of Guangdong Province, established the Preparatory Committee of Hainan University in June 1981, began preparatory work, the school site was selected on haidian Island in Haikou City as the basis of the Guangdong Provincial Fisheries School, expanded to the northwest, set up two direct departments of teachers' college, medical school, agricultural college, engineering college and finance, political science and law, a total of 24 majors, requisitioned 2600 acres of sea land of Haikou City Sea Reclamation Headquarters, the original provincial fishery school relocated and allocated 400 acres, a total of 3000 acres, in line with urban planning. Consent to expropriation. It also compensated RMB2.6 million as a land expropriation fee.
Figure 9 Hainan University
From 1984 to 1985, the stone embankment from Renmin Bridge to Heping North Road was built successively, with a length of 1200 meters, and the stone embankment from Heping North Road to Xinbu Bridge was about 1000 meters long, and the elevation of the top of the embankment was 3 meters to 3.5 meters, which could prevent the highest tide of the year.
Haidian Port was built in 1986, Haidian Port is located at the exit of the north side of Haidian Creek, a tributary of the Nandu River, opposite Haikou New Port, north of Haidian Island, south of Haikou City, is a private port. The roads directly connected to the port are Haidian 2nd Road and Haidian 3rd Road. In 1990, Haidian Port, haikou City, the largest private port in the province, was completed and put into operation, with a total investment of 15.5 million yuan and a port design throughput capacity of 500,000 tons per year. The shoreline of the pier is 360 meters long and the water depth of the frontier is minus 3. 5 meters, there are 7 500-ton berths, with an annual throughput capacity of 500,000 tons. With the approval of the Provincial Port Commission, the terminal is open to coastal ferries sailing on Hong Kong and Macao routes. The completion and operation of Haidian Wharf not only plays a positive role in improving the investment environment of the special zone and promoting the economic development of the special zone, but also creates a situation of equal competition for water transport enterprises in Hainan Province. In December 1990, the provincial government approved the port as an extension point of the loading and unloading point of Haikou New Port, enjoying the Second Class Port Policy. The main import and export goods are daily necessities, building materials, fertilizers, titanium ore and so on.
In 1987, Haikou had only 6 ferry ports, namely 3 in the urban area (Liumiao Ferry, Sanmiao Ferry and Xinbu Ferry) and 3 in the suburbs (see below). Due to the expansion of the Long Causeway and the completion and opening of the People's Bridge, heping South Bridge and Xinbu Bridge, by 1996, there were only three ferry crossings, including The Crossing Port, Rufang and Mayu. These crossings have a total of 3 piers with a total length of 43 meters, and the embankment ferries have a total of 8 machine wooden boats and 5 cement machine boats, totaling 118.33 kilowatts. Among them: the port crossing village ferry port is located on the bank of the Baisha embankment opposite the port village, the river surface width of 70 meters, the water depth of 2.8 meters, the high tide depth of 4 meters to 5 meters. Before liberation, the ferry was made, and by the early days of liberation, it was ferryed by 2 boatmen using wooden boats. In 1954, the Civil Boat Mutual Aid Cooperative was formed. In 1958 it was taken over by the Municipal Shipping Company. After 1984, it was contracted by self-employed people. In 1990, the ferry was 24 hours a day, and there were 1300 to 1400 people per day, with a monthly income of more than 8000 yuan. Haidian Liumiao Ferry is located on the shore of Haidian Liumiao Temple opposite the Long Causeway City Aquatic Products Company (west of the children's park). The width of the river is 60 meters to 70 meters, the water depth is 2 meters to 3.5 meters, and the high tide is 5 meters to 6 meters. The ferry boat is a wooden boat with a capacity of less than 30 passengers, and is topped by a bamboo pole by the Gonggong. Before the liberation of the port, the ferry was arranged by private funds. In 1954, the ferry was managed by the village council. After 1958, it was uniformly managed by the Municipal Shipping Company. In 1970, the People's Bridge was completed and opened to traffic, and the two ferries of Haidian Four Temples and Five Temples were opened from the banks of the two temples to the creek side of the water lane. After liberation, the five temples did not ferry, and only four temples set up a ferry. The ferry port is similar to the Six Temples Ferry. The crossing was stopped due to the expansion of the Long Causeway. Haidian Second Temple and Three Temple Ferry Port two ferry ports are respectively from the two temple embankments to Sanya Shangjie Street (along the creek under the fifteen small playgrounds in the city) and Sanya Lime Factory. The river is 110 meters wide and 1.7 meters deep. After liberation, the first temple did not ferry, and the second temple ferry opened two places along the Sanya Street Creek. After 1984, 6 self-employed people raised funds to purchase 3 ships (machine and wood boats, 0.82 kilowatts each, limited to less than 40 people), and a total of 124 passenger seats were approved. In 1990, there were 2 remaining ferries, which were stopped at the end of the year; Xin'an Village Ferry is located opposite Xin'an Village to the embankment of Baishafang, with a width of 500 meters and a water depth of 2.8 meters. In 1951, the ferry was set up, and the ferry situation was similar to that of the crossing village ferry. In October 1989, two shuttles were operated on organic wooden boats, which could carry 155 passengers. At 9:00 p.m. on July 1, 1991, it was revoked due to the accident in which three people died in a shipwreck.
Haitian Village, bordering the sea and the creek, is a good place to make a living, and soon developed and grew. At its peak, there were 9 villages on the north bank of Haidian Creek, namely Haidian One Temple to Six Temples, Guangang Village, Xin'an Village, and Renmin Xili, with a total of more than 7,000 houses and a population of nearly 30,000 people. In the passage of time, the north bank of Haidian Creek lagged behind. Since the late 1980s, Haikou has entered a rapid period of urban construction, and the area around the north bank of Haidian Creek is no exception, and villagers are slowly discovering that the rapidly developing city has become very incongruous with their ancient homes. High-rise buildings rise from the ground, and roads run through them, and the villages on the north bank of Haidian Creek are trapped in the siege formed by high-rise buildings, looking so small and ugly.
About 1984, the urban construction of Haikou City began to be carried out one after another, when the government focused on the development of the western area of Haidian Island, which is now Haidian First West Road, Second West Road, Third West Road, and Hainan University. Turning over the aerial photos taken in 1986, the outline of Haidian Island today has initially emerged, the main road Renmin Road extends forward, and the high-rise buildings on both sides of Haidian Second Road and Third Road are lined up, and Haidian Island has begun to change its old appearance.
On March 16, 1988, the joint meeting of leaders of Hainan Province and Haikou City was held, and it was decided that the development and construction of Haidian Island New Area in Haikou City would be unified planning and comprehensive development by China Hainan Petrochemical Group Corporation, Hainan Huandao Tourism Real Estate Development Corporation and Haikou City. On the 18th, the ceremony was held for the joint development of Haidian Island in Haikou City by Hainan Huandao Tourism Real Estate Development Corporation and Haikou Real Estate Development Corporation. The first phase of haidian island eastern development zone developed 800 acres, with a construction area of 283,000 square meters, of which 60,000 square meters were completed, and an investment of 305 million yuan was completed.
In August 1988, the construction of the Bridge of Heping North Road in Haikou City and the Eastern Development Zone of Haidian Island were held successively and briefly inaugurated.
Heping Bridge is located on Haidian Creek, south of Heping North Road, north of Haidian Island East Development Zone, construction began in October 1988, completed and opened to traffic on October 15, 1990. The total length is 296.4 meters, the width is 24.5 meters, the middle is a 14 meters wide fast lane, and there are 3 meters wide non-motorized lanes and 2.25 meters wide sidewalks on each side, and there is a pedestrian staircase at each end of the bridge.
In 1988, the Party School of the Haikou Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China and Nankai University jointly organized the Haikou Branch of Nankai University, which was located in the Party School of the Haidian Island Municipal Party Committee. There are 2 international trade college classes and 122 students enrolled in the 2-year study system, which is a full-time class. In 1989, 2 more classes and 70 students were enrolled. A total of 192 students graduated in both classes.
In 1989, the haikou city master plan identified Haidian Island as a cultural commercial and residential area. The provincial and municipal governments decided to stop cement production at the Haikou Cement Plant from December 1990.
In December 1991, just four months after its establishment, the Land Bureau boldly proposed a land auction to the municipal government in order to find out the land market. On December 28, with the approval of the municipal government, the first land auction in Hainan Province was held. The auction was a success. Located at the intersection of Haidian Island People's Avenue and Yanjiang 4th Road, a plot of land with an area of 4706.62 square meters started at 450 yuan per square meter and was finally sold for 1470 yuan per square meter. The auction clarified the land market situation and provided a reference for the next step of land price adjustment.
By the end of 1991, the first phase of the Haidian Island East Development Zone had completed projects such as: a heping bridge with a total investment of 26 million yuan, a length of 604 meters and a width of 25 meters; a petroleum liquefied gas tank station with a total investment of more than 10 million yuan and a gas storage capacity of 600 cubic meters; a hepingqiao avenue with a total investment of 40 million yuan, a 5-kilometer municipal trunk road along the third road of the river, a fourth road along the river, and a west garden road; and a 60,000 square meters of commercial housing with a total investment of 40 million yuan • Paragon Entertainment and Food Center with a total investment of nearly 40 million yuan; two high-quality underground wells with an investment of 500,000 yuan. It also invested 2.4 million yuan to build a 110,000-volt substation on Haidian Island. The projects that have been completed in the development zone include: 2 7-storey residential buildings of the United Company, 1 7-storey residential building of the Beijing Agricultural, Industrial and Commercial United Company, and 9 villas of chase company. 48 collaborating units have invested 74.4 million yuan in the development zone. Haidian Island rose from an average of about 300 yuan per square meter in 1990 to 1500 yuan per square meter in 1992.
In March 1992, the Municipal Catholic Representative Conference was held, renamed the Haikou Catholic Patriotic Association, and the Patriotic Association organization was re-elected, and Father Xie Ruiguang was elected as the chairman of the Catholic Patriotic Association. In the second half of the same year, the Municipal Catholic Church took advantage of the government's implementation of policy compensation for the area of 0.5 East Road located on Haidian Island. 13 hectares and a warehouse, jointly developed with Hainan Hailian Real Estate Company, built a six-storey Honghai Building, the Catholic Church received 1903 square meters of buildings and 500,000 yuan.
Haidian Island Sanxi Road Farmers Market is the largest vegetable market in Haidian Island, located in Haidian Island Sanxi Road, completed and put into use in 1992, is an indoor closed market. There are 649 fixed booths and 38 temporary booths. In 1996, there were more than 1,000 employees, an annual turnover of 80 million yuan, and more than 400 varieties of operations. In 1994, it was rated as a provincial civilized market, and in 1996, it was rated as a provincial civilized market.
Founded in 1993 and located at No. 13, Yanjiang 2nd East Road, Haidian Island, Hainan Provincial Post and Telecommunications School is a comprehensive education base directly under the Hainan Provincial Post and Telecommunications Bureau that integrates specialized specialists, technicians, staff training and correspondence education. The school has the principal's office, the Ministry of Education, the Training Department, the Logistics Department, the technical appraisal station, the telephone exchange, communication power supply, economic management, comprehensive telecommunications and other 5 majors, the technician has a local telephone service, postal business and other 4 majors, there are program-controlled exchange, optical fiber communication, electronic technology and other laboratories. The maximum number of students enrolled is 702.
In 1993, Haikou People's Hospital completed the relocation of the new site, from Deshengsha Road to Haidian Island Yanjiang Fifth Road. The new site covers an area of 11. 2 hectares, construction area 5. 080,000 square meters, and purchased a number of advanced medical equipment.
In 1993, the urban gas supply in Hainan Province began to change from canned liquefied gas to pipeline gas supply. During the year, Haikou Pipeline Gas Co., Ltd. was established by Hainan Petrochemical Gas Company, Hainan Pioneer Pipeline Gas Company and other units. The company has gathered strong funds to speed up the pace of pipeline gas supply construction in Haikou City. In that year, the Haidian Island pipeline gas supply was successfully ignited once, and the residents in the area became the first batch of users in the province to use pipeline gas.
In 1993, the Haikou Municipal Party Committee and the Haikou Municipal Government allocated 20 million yuan to build a new Municipal Laogan Activity Center - Longevity Garden on Haidian Island, and built 32 gateball halls in the park, which is the only indoor gateball hall in the province.
In 1994, the construction of the Baishamen Sewage Treatment Plant began, and the sewage pipe network on Haidian Island was 95% completed.
In 1994, 3.67 hectares of land were acquired on Haidian Island, and a municipal sports activity center for the elderly was built, two gateball halls, two fishing ponds and two multi-functional activity rooms of about 4,000 square meters. The area of the stadium for sports activities has reached 5,000 square meters.
In 1994, it was a year of rapid development in the Eastern Development Zone of Haidian Island, and large-scale construction projects such as Huandao Plaza and Fujue Plaza were capped as scheduled, and the opening of Guanheng Shopping Mall and SEG Supermarket added to the commercial vitality of the development zone. Hainan's first large hotel built in accordance with international five-star standards, Huandao Tide Hotel, was fully pre-opened in September, and Huandao Seaside Entertainment City, the closest to Haikou City, has also added a large number of marine and beach entertainment projects, catering and living facilities, becoming a good place for Haikou citizens and Chinese and foreign tourists to relax and vacation. With the full construction of the second phase of the Eastern Development Zone with the goal of building the largest tourist resort center in Haikou City, Haidian New Town will show a more outstanding and charming style. In March 1988, the Preparatory Group for the Establishment of Hainan Province and the Haikou Municipal Government held a joint working meeting, and decided to hand over the area to the predecessor of China Huandao Group - Hainan Huandao Tourism Real Estate Development Corporation responsible for development and construction, and invested 1 billion yuan in 7 years to carry out all-round municipal infrastructure construction, forming a transportation network in all directions of the development zone; buried a complete municipal pipe network such as water, rainwater, sewage, gas, electricity, communications, street lamps and other municipal pipe networks; completed the international advanced level at the end of the 1980s. The supporting project of the 110 kV substation system controlled by the microcomputer; 6 high-quality underground wells have been drilled; and the 20,000 program-controlled telephones on Haidian Island have been opened in conjunction with the Haikou Municipal Post and Telecommunications Bureau to ensure the smooth communication between the development zone and domestic and foreign countries: in order to protect the natural environment of the development zone, the first domestic sewage treatment plant in Hainan Province has also been built; hospitals, schools, kindergartens, cinemas, bookstores, modern parking lots and other supporting public facilities have also been established. By the end of 1994, there were 150 Chinese and foreign merchants who came to invest, with a total reported construction area of more than 3.9 million square meters and a completed area of 1.18 million square meters, a modern coastal satellite new urban area with a strong southern national atmosphere has begun to take shape.
The Gold Coast Roton Grand Hotel opened on 8 April 1994 and was awarded a five-star rating in April 1997.
Located at the intersection of Renmin Road and Yanjiang 1st Road, Renmin Overpass was built in June 1995, with a steel structure X-shape, 212 meters long, 4.5 meters wide, 5 meters high and an area of 1229.5 square meters.
Figure 10 Night in Haidian
In 1997, the Haikou Municipal Government cleaned up and renamed the functional communities developed in the city. According to the decision of the municipal government, each functional community cannot be named after the development zone. The former Haidian Island Eastern Development Zone was renamed Huandao Commercial and Residential Area. A modern coastal satellite new urban area with residential, office buildings, apartments, villas, hotels, culture and entertainment, spacious roads, beautiful environment, smooth communication, financial, cultural, educational, sports, entertainment, commercial facilities, and strong southern style has formed a scale. Huandao Ted Hotel in Huandao Commercial and Residential Area is the first five-star hotel in Hainan, is a designated hotel for high-level reception in Hainan Province, and also enjoys a high reputation in the world, in 1997, the hotel won the top honor of international star service - five-star diamond award.
The Haikou Central District Sewage Treatment Project is located in the northwest reclamation area of Haidian Island in Haikou City, covering an area of 20.95 hectares. The treatment process is deep-sea discharge after high-load biological treatment, and the scale is 300,000 tons of sewage treated per day. The planned investment is 345 million yuan, of which the German government loan is 21.8 million marks. Construction began in April 1997, and by the end of 1998, a total investment of 235 million yuan had been completed, the comprehensive building, machine workshop, warehouse, revetment embankment of the factory area had been completed, the equipment had arrived at the factory area, the work sinking well had been basically completed, and the drainage pipe project had been pushed into more than 700 meters. It is expected to be operational by the end of 1999.
On April 13, 1998, the ribbon-cutting ceremony of the major construction project celebrating the 10th anniversary of the founding of Hainan Province was held at the Haikou Gymnasium. Tian Jiyun, member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, Chen Jinhua, vice chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Wang Xiaofeng, deputy secretary of the provincial party committee and acting governor, Li Zhendong, vice minister of the Ministry of Construction, Chen Yuyi, chairman of the Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Wang Xintian, vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the Provincial People's Congress, and Wu Changyuan, vice governor of the province, cut the ribbon for the project. On the same day, 4 foundation laying projects were started, of which the Haikou Century Bridge is the third north-south main road between Haikou City Center and Haidian Island, with a total length of 2664 meters, which is a double-tower and double-cable cable-stayed bridge.
The embankment project on the south bank of Haidian Creek (part of the flood control project in the downtown area) is 2.8 km long from Xinbu Bridge to the Navy 424 Hospital. In 1998, the municipal government combined the embankment with the road to renovate and expand it, and the road surface elevation was 3.18 meters.
On August 1, 2002, haikou century bridge and binhai overpass were opened to traffic. Haikou Century Bridge is a provincial key project, located on the northern extension of Longkun North Road in Haikou, across the Haidian River into the sea. The total length of the bridge is 2663.6 meters. Among them, the main bridge is 636.6 meters, which is currently the largest bridge project in Hainan, with the highest technical content and the greatest difficulty in construction. Construction began in May 1998 and was invested and constructed by Haikou City Construction Co., Ltd. The total investment is 667 million yuan. The Binhai Overpass is a supporting project on the south bank of the Century Bridge, which is a two-story semi-interchange butterfly-shaped overpass.
Figure 11-12 century bridge
On October 21, 2005, Hong Kong New World China Land Co., Ltd. bid for the right to use The Merry Sands in Haikou City for more than 1.8 billion yuan. This is the largest land area and the highest transaction amount in the history of Hainan Province through the listing and transfer method. Located in the northwest of Haidian Island in Haikou, surrounded by the sea on three sides and bordered by the Century Bridge in the east, Meilisha is the only undeveloped original coastal land in the core area of Haikou Coastal Area, and is also one of the most geographically advantageous areas in Haikou planning land, with an area of 2204895.19 square meters, totaling 3307. 33 acres. The nature of the planned land is mainly tourism, vacation, commercial and residential land. After "New World" bids for the beautiful sand plot, it will also invest about 8 billion yuan in the construction of infrastructure and projects such as breakwaters, with an overall investment of nearly 10 billion yuan, and aims to build the beautiful sand into an international trend living place centered on eco-tourism, international living and cultural expo. On November 14, Haikou City signed a land contract with Hong Kong New World China Land Co., Ltd. for the Merissa project.
In 2006, Haidian Liudong Road, Diankun Road and other roads were completed and opened to traffic.
In 2007, the transformation of the old city on both sides of Haidian Creek was steadily advanced, and the basic work such as property rights and people's livelihood survey in the eastern and middle sections of the north bank of Haidian Creek was completed, and the demolition and relocation of buildings of more than 60,000 square meters on both sides of Haidian Creek and more than 50,000 square meters of Long Causeway Road was completed.
Figure 13 The temples in the renovation of the old city of Haidian Island have been preserved
On November 28, 2007, construction of the Haixin Bridge connecting Haidian Island and Xinbu Island began. In 2007, in order to enhance the overall strength of higher education in Hainan, the Standing Committee of the Provincial Party Committee made a major decision on March 2 to merge South China University of Tropical Agriculture and The Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences with Hainan University to form a new Hainan University. On August 14, the Ministry of Education approved the merger of the two universities to form the new Hainan University. In early September, the first batch of 1584 teachers and students of the former Renong University successfully moved to the Haikou Haidian Campus of New Hainan University. The provincial party committee and the provincial government attach importance to the merger of the two universities, and Wei Liucheng, secretary of the provincial party committee, and Luo Baoming, deputy secretary of the provincial party committee and governor of the province, went to New Hainan University in September to investigate and work on the spot, putting forward requirements and supporting the development of the school. In November, the provincial government and the Ministry of Education signed an agreement on jointly building a new Hainan University.
On April 28, 2008, the municipal government approved it. The planning area is the north bank of Haidian Creek, east to Henggou River, west to Haidian Sanxi Road, with a total area of about 113.4 hectares. The area is planned and positioned as the water gateway node of Haidian Island, the characteristic leisure commercial belt of the riverfront, and the livable area on the north bank of Haidian.
In June 2008, the three major projects of the provincial and municipal key project Haikou Meilisha Project, the sand blowing and filling project, the protective embankment project and the related Haidian Ring Road, all progressed smoothly. The Beautiful Sand Blowing Sand Filling Project will be completed in mid-2009, and the first phase of the Beautiful Sands Housing Project will enter the construction phase in March 2009. Two other key projects are being carried out in parallel with the offshore sand blowing and filling project. One of them is the Beautiful Sand Protective Levee, which began in late April 2007, with a length of about 5 kilometers and a height of 5 meters, with an investment of about 150 million yuan, and the project has completed an investment of more than 68 million yuan, and has begun to take shape, with the function of flood prevention and moisture control. Haidian Island Ring Road is also a key project of this project. The road is 13 kilometers long, 40 meters wide, 2 lanes in both directions, and an investment of about 450 million yuan. The roundabout route starts from the east of Meisha, extends north to the north coast of Haidian Island, passes through Baishamen Park, Bao'an Jiangnancheng to the mouth of the Nandu River, goes south along the left bank of the Henggou River to Haidian Erdong Road, continues to Haidian Erxi Road, and finally completes the closure in the south of Meilisha, and will be a green corridor integrating tourism, sightseeing and leisure after completion. At present, the asphalt section from the Century Bridge to Baishamen is being laid, and the lot is expected to be functionally opened to traffic at the end of this month.
At the press briefing of the Haikou Municipal Government on the afternoon of July 15, 2008, the relevant person in charge of Haikou City said that after the transformation of the north bank of Haidian Creek, it will become an important window for Haikou city to show its urban charm in the future. After the transformation, the north bank of Haidian Creek is divided into three major areas of east, middle and west by Heping Avenue and Renmin Avenue, the eastern area is planned as a water world integrating leisure, entertainment and shopping, the central area is planned as an entertainment and leisure center with the central green corridor and yacht marina as the gathering point, and the western area is planned as a mixed functional area of culture and folklore and retail residence. After the transformation, the public service functions of cities along Haidian Creek will be significantly enhanced, the quality of the city will be significantly improved, and the economic and social development will be more harmonious. The demolition and relocation of the north bank of Haidian Creek is divided into four steps, the first step is to demolish the resettlement area in the east and west districts, the second step is to demolish the non-resettlement area in the east and west districts, the third step is to demolish the resettlement area in the middle district, and the fourth step is to demolish the non-resettlement area in the middle district. Combined with the financial situation, it is planned to complete the demolition and relocation of all the eastern and western districts and the resettlement areas in the central district by the end of 2008, and complete the demolition and relocation of the non-resettlement areas in the central district in 2009.
From October 11 to November 30, 2008, the KFC National Three-Player Basketball Tournament Hainan Division was held in Haikou, Sanya, Danzhou, Dongfang and Qionghai. More than 1,200 young athletes from 104 teams in the province participated in more than 1,000 competitions, and the Haidian representative team won the championship of Hainan Division.
In January 2009, Baishamen Park was officially opened to the public. Baishamen Park is located in the north of Haidian Island, Meilan District, Haikou City, and north of Qiongzhou Strait. The park covers an area of 60 hectares, and the north of the Qiongzhou Strait is an open municipal leisure and recreation park. The design of Baishamen Ecological Park includes four major tourism theme areas and supporting infrastructure: Haikou Annual Ring, Happy Ocean, Xipan Coast, and City Station. To excavate the core of Haikou's region and humanistic spirit, show the history and culture of Hainan, such as Baishajin, Mazu Temple, Liberation War, etc., and jointly create a harmonious and unified coastal leisure environment with strong customs.
On the morning of March 28, 2009, more than 3,500 residents living between Heping Bridge and Renmin Bridge on the north bank of Haidian Creek in Haikou City, as well as more than 800 residents living on the south bank of Haidian Creek, began to sign demolition agreements one after another, and soon they will move out of their original homes, and in the future they will either choose monetary compensation to buy a house elsewhere, or choose in-kind compensation to live in resettlement houses provided by the government, and the old city with chaotic houses, incomplete urban functions, and affecting the overall image of the city will be replaced by the new city. The demolition of the north bank of Haidian Creek launched this time is the middle section of the north bank of Haidian Creek, that is, between the Heping Bridge and the People's Bridge, mainly from one temple to four temples, the number of households involved in demolition is 3585 households, the land area involved in demolition is 555.4 mu, and the construction area involved in demolition is 348,600 square meters, which will be carried out in two phases, and all the demolition tasks of the middle section will be completed before October 1 this year. The demolition scope of the old town reconstruction project of Changdi Road on the south bank of Haidian Creek starts from the intersection of Longhua Road and Changdi Road in the west, to Bailong North Road in the east, and to the boundary of Changdi Road in the north, involving more than 800 households, and will fully complete the demolition and relocation of 127.3 mu of land and more than 80,000 square meters of buildings on Changdi Road by September 30.
At 9:00 a.m. on April 24, 2009, the demolition of the middle section of the transformation of the old city on the north bank of Haidian Creek in Haikou began, and nearly 4,000 residents living between heping Bridge and Renmin Bridge will soon move away from the old town where they originally lived, which will also become a commercial and residential area on the waterfront of Haikou in the future. The first to be demolished was the office building of Haidian Street in Meilan District, the former Haidian Second East Road, and two demolition machinery operated at the same time. In the midst of the roar, the walls fell one after another. According to the person in charge of the meilan district old reform headquarters, there are four other settlements that are being demolished at the same time today. The demolition task of the middle section was jointly undertaken by 5 demolition companies. The demolition of the north bank of Haidian Creek launched this time is the middle section of the north bank of Haidian Creek, that is, between the Heping Bridge and the People's Bridge, mainly from one temple to the middle of the four temples, the demolition involves nearly 4,000 households, the land area involved in demolition is 555.4 mu, and the construction area of the demolished houses is 348,600 square meters. The demolition work in the middle section began on March 17, 25 teams began to work in the village, and on March 28, the agreement on compensation and resettlement for demolition and relocation began to be signed. As of April 24, about 700 agreements have been signed. Compared with the eastern section, the middle section has the characteristics of many problems left over, many restructured enterprises and communities, more commercial paving, and large work intensity. The overall demolition task of the middle section was completed in two phases, the first phase was completed before July 1, 2009, and the demolition and relocation of the resettlement area was completed before October 1, 2009. The transformation of the old city on the north bank of Haidian Creek is one of the three major area construction projects in the city in 2009 determined by the Haikou Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government. The reconstruction area of the old city on the north bank of Haidian Creek includes the area north of Haidian Creek and south of Haidian Second Road, with a total length of about 2840 meters from east to west and a depth of about 350 meters from north to south.
In November 2009, as the renovation and demolition of the old city on the north bank of Haidian Creek entered the final stage of attack, 18 resettlement buildings in the second phase of the north bank of Haidian Creek were erected. By the end of October, the second phase of the resettlement building on the north bank of Haidian Creek had begun to be capped one after another, with the overall capping 50 days earlier than planned, and it was planned to be completed in September 2010. At present, the first phase of 1012 resettlement houses in Caiyin Community, Xiang'an Building, Ji'an Garden, and He'an Garden has been completed one after another, and arrangements have begun to be arranged for demolished households to move in. The second phase of resettlement communities is under construction, including four communities of Waterfront Sunshine A, Waterfront Tingtao, Waterfront Silver Bay and Waterfront Jindu, with a total construction area of 400,000 square meters and a total of more than 3,600 sets of resettlement houses. Among them, the two largest resettlement areas on the north bank of Haidian Creek——— waterfront Tingtao and waterfront sunshine A have been capped, and internal and external decoration is underway, and the two communities of Waterfront Silver Bay and Waterfront Jindu will be capped in the middle of this month. At the same time as the construction of the second phase of the resettlement community is in full swing, the third phase of the resettlement housing on both sides of Haidian Creek, the third phase of the resettlement housing, the waterfront star city A, the waterfront star city B, the long causeway pearl is undergoing preliminary work, planning to build more than 4300 sets of resettlement housing, and it is expected to start construction at the beginning of next month. In addition, the demolition work on the north bank of Haidian Creek is also progressing smoothly, and 7185 demolition agreements have been signed for demolition and relocation in the east, central and western districts, with an agreement to demolish 864 mu of land, and the planned demolition investment is 1.939 billion yuan, and the actual completion is 1.823 billion yuan, with a completion rate of 94%.
In 2009, people from all walks of life in Hainan worked together to build a 500-square-meter sea crossing battle memorial square at the Baishamen Battle Site. In January 2010, the Monument to the Heroes of crossing the sea was completed.
Figure 14 Night view of Pak Sha Mun Park
On the morning of January 22, 2010, with the announcement of the start of the project in 2010 and the opening of the Haixin Bridge, the Haixin Bridge connecting Haidian Island and Xinbu Island officially served the construction of the two islands with Chen Ci, member of the Standing Committee of the Provincial Party Committee and secretary of the Haikou Municipal Party Committee. Since then, ending the history that Xinbu Island is connected by only one Xinbu Bridge, Xinbu Island will become the transportation hub of Haikou City's urban ring line and better integrate into the Great Haikou. Haixin Bridge starts from the intersection of Fu'an Road of Haidian Wudong Road and the north side of Yantai International Hotel in the west, across Huandao Road and Henggou River to Xinbu Island, the main bridge is 415 meters long, the bridge deck is 34.5 meters wide, 6 lanes in both directions, with non-motorized roads and sidewalks; the total length of the diversion bridge is 300 meters, the width is 25.5 meters; the main span is a multi-section expected stress concrete continuous beam. After the completion of the bridge, it will drive the development and construction of the two island areas. The completion of Haixin Bridge and Haidian Island Ring Road has enabled Haidian Island to present a three-dimensional road transportation network. Today, the three bridges of Century Bridge, Renmin Bridge and Heping Bridge connect Haidian Island with Haikou City's Binhai Avenue and Long Causeway, making Haidian Island a convenient and relatively independent area with convenient traffic to the city center, and easily reaching various business districts in the city center such as Guomao, Jiefang and Mingzhu.
In 2010, on the morning of July 28, a piece of land with an area of about 180 mu on the north bank of Haidian Creek on the south side of Haidian Erdong Road in Haikou City was auctioned at a total price of 1726.686826 million yuan, with an average price of 14440 yuan / square meter, setting a record for the highest price of land auction in Haikou this year, and the new "land king" was born on Haidian Island. In addition to the birth of the land king, Haidian Island also has a development trend that deserves people's attention: that is, the new project of Guangwu Real Estate ——— the binjiang coast, and the project will be unveiled at the Haikou Housing Exhibition on September 2.
Figure 15 Night view of the riverside coast and the Peace Bridge
On the morning of September 19, 2010, Meilan District of Haikou City held a ceremony for residents of the eastern section of the transformation of the old city on the north bank of Haidian Creek to move back and hand over their houses. Chen Ci, member of the Standing Committee of the Provincial Party Committee and secretary of the Haikou Municipal Party Committee, attended the ceremony of returning to the house. At 9:00 a.m., amid the sound of festive gongs, drums, and firecrackers, Zhang Xinjian and other representatives of 13 demolished households received the key of Jin Cancan from the relevant leaders of Haikou City. Zhang Xinjian said that the transformation of the old city allowed residents to get out of the low and dilapidated houses and live in beautiful high-rise buildings in the community. This is a fact that the government has done a good job for the people. As of September 18, 1,286 evicted households had received keys to their relocated homes. From September 8 to 29, a total of 2,389 demolished households began to choose houses within the scope of the transformation of the old city on the north bank of Haidian Creek (east section). The listings are He'an Garden, Waterfront Tingtao and Waterfront Sunshine A on Haidian 2nd East Road, with a total of 13 types of units, with a maximum area of 160 square meters and a minimum of 45 square meters.
In 2010, the construction of the old city renovation project in the eastern section of the north bank of Haidian Creek made rapid progress, and nearly half of the buildings were nearly completed. The reconstruction project of the old city in the middle section of the north bank of Haidian Creek has completed the demolition task. The renovation project of the old city in the western section of the north bank of Haidian Creek is steadily advancing as planned.
In 2011, the Municipal Water Transport Company was restructured, cooperated with the Haikou Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government to do a good job in the transformation and demolition of the old city on both sides of haidian Creek, and guided the Municipal Water Transport Company to do a good job in restructuring. In 2011, the company's "Enterprise Closure Plan" and "Employee Resettlement Plan" have been approved, 85% of employees have signed termination labor contracts and received resettlement fees, and the restructuring work is being carried out in accordance with the law.
On October 10, 2011, the selection of resettlement housing in the middle section of haidian creek was started. Within the scope of the transformation and demolition of the old city on the north bank of Haidian Creek, all those who choose the third and fourth phases of in-kind compensation are the objects of housing selection. According to reports, the housing selection area is located in Haidian Second East Road, waterfront sunshine block B, waterfront star city A, waterfront star city B, waterfront Tingtao, waterfront sunshine A community. The housing provided this time is divided into 11 types of units such as 45 square meters, 60 square meters, 160 square meters, etc., and it is planned to select 3309 sets of resettlement houses. In 2011, all the old resettlement houses on the north bank of Haidian Creek were completed and handed over.
On August 30, 2011, the first phase of Haidian Island Ring Road was completed and opened to traffic, which has become another good place for citizens to stroll, watch the sea and relax while meeting the traffic function. It is understood that Haidian Island Ring Road is an important urban secondary road in the overall planning of Haikou City, with a total length of 12.8 kilometers, which is a circular road, supporting landscape greening, lighting, traffic engineering along the line, and built with roads, drainage, bridges, embankments, lighting, transportation, landscape greening and fire protection projects. The road is divided into the first phase and the second phase of the project construction, the first phase of construction starting from the century bridgehead, clockwise through the beautiful sand, the end of the east end of Haidian Second East Road, a total length of 8.8 kilometers; the second phase is undergoing preliminary work such as program design review, planning clockwise through Haidian Second West Road, the end of the Century Bridge, a total length of 4.05 kilometers.
In 2014, Yanjiang Middle School and Haikou No. 9 Middle School, a high-quality famous school, were officially "married", and the school was officially renamed Haikou No. 9 Middle School Haidian Branch.
On January 4, 2016, the road project of Section B of Haidian Island Ring Road (Phase II) has been completed and opened to traffic. With the completion of the Haidian Island Ring Road, the government has fulfilled its promise to the citizens. It is understood that the Haidian Island Ring Road Penetration Project is a "practical project for the people" in Haikou City, with a total length of 1121.7 meters and four lanes in both directions.
On September 10, 2016, Haikou City's first one-stop experience shopping mall "Haidian City" was opened. The project is developed by Hainan Kangda Investment Co., Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Hongshi Group. Hongshi Group has set foot in many fields such as real estate, agricultural project investment, and business information consulting. "Haidian City" is located at the intersection of Erdong Road, Haidian Island, located in the municipal park and the planned Haidian Creek scenery belt, is the gateway to Haidian Island, with obvious advantages. With a total construction area of 40,000 square meters and a total of 8 floors, it has become an effective supply for the current commercial supply of Haidian Island, integrating shopping, leisure, entertainment, catering and culture, and is the first park-type comprehensive shopping center in Haikou. Among them, the five-star giant screen theater on the fifth floor has a luxurious viewing experience.
In the second half of 2016, Haikou City launched the Yaweixi Wetland Ecosystem Construction Project in accordance with the ecological concepts of "green water and green mountains are Golden Mountains and Silver Mountains", "Coordinating the Governance of Landscape, Forest, Field, Lake and Grass System", and "Seeing Mountains, Seeing Water, and Remembering Homesickness". At the end of 2017, the task of eliminating black and odorous water bodies in Duck Tail Creek was basically completed. According to the monitoring of Haikou Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environmental Protection, the water quality of Yawei Creek is stable in the surface water class V standard. Yawei Creek is a tributary of the Nandu River, flowing through Haidian Island in Haikou City, connecting the Henggou River at the mouth of the Nandu River to the east and the Wuxi Road Drainage Ditch to the west. In recent years, due to the rapid expansion of the scale of the city and the uneven development of infrastructure, the domestic sewage discharged from the residential areas along the river has far exceeded the ecological carrying capacity, resulting in the deterioration of the water quality of The Ducktail Creek, and the originally beautiful creek has become a "stinky ditch", which is not only difficult to find fish and birds, but also suffers from odors.
On the morning of December 21, 2016, the construction of the junior high school of Haikou Huandao Experimental School officially started. As one of the 100-day haikou service social investment campaign and one of the key projects of the city in 2016, the total investment of the project is 120 million yuan. Haikou Huandao Experimental School is invested and constructed by China Huandao Group. As early as 1995, the group had invested in the establishment of Haikou Huandao Experimental Primary School in Haikou and accumulated rich experience in running schools. Huandao Experimental School Junior High School is located in Haikou City, Haidian Wudong Road north, the project total construction area of 20,000 square meters, divided into teaching area, administrative office area, student apartment area, living and logistics service area and sports area, the school will provide 24 teaching classes 1200 degrees, the school is planned to be completed in early 2018, official enrollment in September 2018. It is worth mentioning that the project entrusted the internationally renowned architect Hua Li to carefully design, the project will be more from the perspective of junior high school students to creatively use a variety of architectural means to enhance the richness and interest of campus space, the school will be built into a high-quality boutique school leading the junior high school education in Haikou.
On August 7, 2018, Haikou City will add three new river crossing tunnels between Haidian Island and the urban area to further alleviate the traffic pressure on Haidian Island in Haikou. The Haikou Municipal People's Government said in its reply to Proposal No. 0098 of the First Session of the Seventh Session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference of Hainan Province: "Three new cross-river tunnels will be added from Haidian Island to the urban area, of which the tunnel from Haidian Sanxi Road (Haida South Gate) to Xingang, the tunnel from Bihai Avenue across Haidian Creek to Bailong North Road has been entrusted to Haikou City Urban Construction Investment Co., Ltd. to carry out preliminary work, and the third tunnel from Huayi Hotel to the urban area has also been included in the planning." ”
Figure 16 Haidian Island Old City Renovation Project
On the afternoon of April 18, 2019, on the north bank of Haidian Creek, the urban management department of Meilan District jointly demolished the demolished construction waste, and the three 9-storey dormitory buildings of the shipping company will completely "disappear", and the first building in the Meilan section of the Haikou Bay Unimpeded Project that has been expropriated according to law will be demolished. The residential plot after the demolition of the building will be used for the construction of a slow leisure system.
From January 1, 2021, the "three lanes" (walking track, running track and cycling track) of the Haikou Bay Unimpeded Project will be open to the public. The "three roads" have a total length of 19.6 kilometers, connecting urban landmarks such as Wanlv Park, Century Park, Century Bridge, Bell Tower, Qilou Old Street and so on. The project is built in three phases. The first phase has a total length of 6.64 kilometers, and the Meilan section is located on the north bank of Haidian Creek (Evergrande Beautiful Shatianhuan Bay - Century Bridge), which is about 2.154 kilometers long; the Longhua section is located on the south bank of Haidian Creek (Longzhu Bay - Century Park - Bell Tower Park), with a length of about 4.49 kilometers. The second phase is 7.2 kilometers long and is located on the south and north banks of Haidian Creek in Haikou City (the north bank is about 5.2 kilometers long from the Century Bridge in the west and to the Henggou River in the east, and the south bank is about 2 kilometers long from the Henggou River in the east and to the west side of the Renmin Bridge Node Park in the west). The third phase is located along the coast of Haikou Bay, from Regent Road in the west to Longzhu Bay Dragon Ball Bridge in the east, with a planned length of 5.76 kilometers.
Postscript: 2021 May Day holiday, as a new islander of Haidian Island I want to understand the history of Haidian Island, the Internet checked some information, feel very fragmented, so I want to sort out a historical information of Haidian Island, wrote half to Yao Teacher to get a lot of advice, but finally due to limited knowledge wrote into the Haidian Island memorabilia, trying to simply show the main historical events of Haidian Island.