The famous Tang general Su Dingfang fought in the four directions all his life, fought countless battles on the frontiers of the four sides, and achieved brilliant results; his military attainments were indeed good, and when Pei Xingjian first entered the army, he was identified as: "I use soldiers, the world has no teaching, and the present son is also virtuous." This apprentice, who was recognized by Su Dingfang as able to teach him the way of using soldiers, did not humiliate Su Dingfang later; Wen Had Literary Talent, Wu Had Wu Strategy, and created the methods of long names and surnames, such as the Calendar List and the Quan Zhu, which affected the system of selecting and appointing officials in later generations; he served as military commanders in various places, prevented Tubo and Ping Turks to make great meritorious contributions to the Tang Dynasty, and used his ability to hold both civil and military positions, becoming a well-known Confucian general of the Tang Dynasty!
Pei Xingjian stills
I. Introduction of Pei Xingjian's Origin:
Pei Xingjian was born in 619 AD, died on June 9, 682 AD, a native of Wenxi County, Dai prefecture (present-day northeast of Wenxi, Shanxi), and the second son of Pei Renji, the head of the Sui Dynasty's Libu Shangshu Pei Renji, a famous and long-standing family in the history of Chinese feudal society, whose ancestor was FeiZi, the ancestor of Yingqin. Later, pei clan out of three branches, all out of the Wenxi Pei clan, with the title of "the world's no two Pei". The Pei family has been a three-jin wang clan since ancient times, and it is also a prominent and famous clan in Chinese history. The Pei family "has flourished in six dynasties since the Qin and Han dynasties, flourished in the Sui and Tang dynasties, and five generations later, Yu Fang still exists." In the past two thousand years, Haojie Junmai, Mingqing Xianxiang, shoulder to shoulder, glorious prehistory, lush as a forest, generations of great people, Biao Bing's history. "The prosperity of his family figures and the rise of his moral articles are unique in Chinese and foreign history." The Prince of the Pei family has a door and a crown. It can really be said that "the martial arts will be connected to each other, and the prince will be a door", and the Chinese "ZaiXiang Village" is named after it. The Sui and Tang dynasties where Pei Xingjian's father and son were located was the period when the Pei family was at its peak, and it was precisely with these Pei talents that the Pei family flourished.
Hedong Pei's famous monument
Second, Pei Xingjian's life achievements:
Pei Xingjian was selected during the Tang Taizong period, after passing the Ming Jingke examination, and was appointed to the post of Zuotun Weicang Cao to join the army; when the famous general Su Dingfang knew him, he decided that only his intelligence could teach him the use of military magic, so Su Dingfang taught him the magic of using soldiers to Pei Xingjian. This laid a good foundation for him to later serve as military commanders in various places; Pei Xingjian, along with Changsun Wujie and Chu Suiliang, who opposed Emperor Gaozong of Tang and Li Zhili Wu Zetian as empress, was tipped off by Yuan Gongyu to Wu Zhaoyi's mother Yang Shi; later, Changsun Wuji was falsely accused by Xu Jingzong of rebellion and exiled to Qianzhou, and Xu Jingzong instructed Yuan Gongyu to force Changsun Wujie to commit suicide and die; and Pei Xingjian was demoted to his official position and released, which was also a fluke to escape the disaster. Of course, the person behind all this is Wu Zetian.
Wu Zetian was made a portrait of the Empress
In 665, when Pei Xingjian was promoted to the post of Protector of Anxi, most of the countries in the Western Regions admired his benevolence and righteousness, and most of them were attached to the Tang Dynasty for a period of stability. Later, he was recalled to the imperial court and finally served as a servant of the bureaucracy, which was an official position in charge of the appointment and dismissal of officials, examinations, promotions, transfers, etc.; at this time, Pei Xingjian created regulations such as the long name list and the quan zhu, and as a system of state selection and appointment of officials, it was used by later generations. He also prescribed the system for the promotion and demotion of state and county orders and the measurement of seniority.
Portrait of Pei Xingjian
In 676, after Tubo defeated Tuguhun, he launched frequent attacks on the Longyou Prefectures in an attempt to draw the Tang Dynasty's attention to the northwest and cover its actions in the western regions and Yunnan. Pei Xingjian left Beijing and successively served as the commander-in-chief of the Second Left Army of Taozhou Province and the commander-in-chief of the Right Army of Qinzhou, under the command of Li Xian, the King of Zhou. In 679, the ten Turkic tribal khans Ashinadu and Li Shaozhai allied themselves with Tubo to lure other tribes to constantly harass the Anxi region, and the Tang Court prepared to launch a large army to conquest; Pei Xingjian, based on the failure of Li Jingxuan's military operations earlier and tubo's current strong arrogance, decided that it was not appropriate to start a war in Anxi.
Lee Jing-gen Images
At this time, the old king of Persia died, and the prince Ni Neshi, who was a hostage in the Tang Dynasty, needed tang court to send someone to escort him back to the country to inherit the throne; Pei Xingjian was designated to lead people to escort the Ni Neshi back to China, the journey was far away through the desert area, but also through the control areas of the Turks and Tubo countries, Pei Xingjian, who was sixty years old, encouraged the soldiers along the way, appeased the vassal states, set up a plan to paralyze the Ashinadu branch, and in the name of hunting, he recruited more than 10,000 young people from various countries in the western region to follow; Pei Xingjian suddenly appeared to summon ashinaduzhi, and Ashinadu was caught off guard. Under patience, he only took five hundred people with him, and was easily captured by Pei Xingjian.
Stills of the Prince of Persia
Pei Xingjian then sent elite cavalry to raid Li Shaozhai and release the captives' emissaries from the other side deliberately informing Ashinaduzhi that he had been captured, and Li Shaoqian, hearing the news, felt that the general situation had gone, and immediately surrendered to Pei Xingjian; Ashinaduzhi and Li Shaozhai were escorted to Chang'an, and the road was safe for the Persian prince to return to Persia on his own; Tang Gaozong learned of the great joy, personally set up a banquet for Pei Xingjian to receive the wind and celebrate, praised him for traveling thousands of miles deep into the enemy area, and captured the enemy's head without using the imperial court army, resetting the four towns of Anxi, and collecting Wen Tao's martial strategy as one, which could be granted to Wen Chen at the same time. There are two official positions of military general. He was immediately appointed as the Rebbe Shoshu and Inspector General of the Right Guard.
Pei Xingjian led the stills
In October of the same year, in the Eastern Turks of the Dadu Protectorate, Ashwin Fu and Feng zhi erbu rebelled, and established Ashina Ni as a khan, and the chiefs of the twenty-four prefectures under the jurisdiction of the Capital Protectorate all rebelled, with hundreds of thousands of followers. Together with the smoke of gunfire, Xiao Siye and other generals led the army to fight with him many times, initially winning victories, and then being defeated by the Eastern Turks, suffering heavy losses; in November, Emperor Gaozong, with Pei Xingjian's financial and military resources, specially appointed the grand commander of the Xiangdao March, led the servant Li Siwen, the governor of Yingzhou, Zhou Daowu and other troops 180,000 troops, and the Western Army Cheng Wuting, the Eastern Army Li Wenxuan, etc., with a total of more than 300,000 troops to the Turks. The Tang Dynasty sent troops to fight against the Turks, and the military power was not so great.
The Turkic army came to grab the grain and draw a picture
Pei Xingjian learned from Su Dingfang was fully exerted in the art of using soldiers, proficient in the luni-yang calendar, excellent in marching, transporting grain, using strategies, laying out positions, and breaking the enemy, after the battles of Shuozhou and Montenegro, Ashina was killed by his subordinates, and his subordinates came to surrender with his head; After capturing Ashina alive and returning to the dynasty, the remnants of the Turkic forces fled to Wolf Mountain. After Pei Xingjian returned to the dynasty, Ashina Funian proclaimed himself Khan and rendezvoused with Ashwin Fu. Pei Xingjian regained command of various armies, stationed at Dai Prefecture's Mouth, and sent spies to carry out divisive activities to persuade Ashina fu nian, so that he and Ashwin Fu were suspicious of each other. Ashina Fu nian was frightened, secretly sent a letter of surrender, and asked him to personally bundle Upwin Fu to show his sincerity.
Portrait of su Dingfang, a famous Tang Dynasty general
Pei Xingjian's secret was not made public, but was reported to the imperial court by submitting a sealed sheet. At the beginning, Pei Xingjian had promised Ashina Funian not to kill them, and Pei Yan, who was jealous of his merits, usurped the merits to Emperor Gaozong, resulting in the merits being transferred and Ashina Funian being beheaded; Pei Xingjian heard that it was a bit shameful to treat those who surrendered to the Tang Dynasty in this way; therefore, under the pretext of illness, he would no longer show his face; in 682, Pei Xingjian was appointed as the commander-in-chief of the Golden Tooth Road March. However, before he left school, Pei Xingjian died at the age of sixty-four at his home in Chang'an Yanshou on April 28.
Summary: Pei Xingjian, both literary and martial arts, Keju Dengke, and the method of creating an examiner system; galloping on the battlefield, skillfully using tactics to break the enemy, and re-strategizing and benevolent righteousness; he is a rare all-rounder of literature and martial arts, who has received many rewards for his military merits, and has been given to relatives, friends, and subordinates in a few days; although he has a dignified and orderly use of soldiers, he is not harsh, and he can be good at discovering talents, and a large number of famous generals in the later period have been excavated and promoted by him, such as Cheng Wuting, Zhang Qianyuesuke, Cui Zhiyun, Wang Fangyi, Silkworm Jinbi, Liu Jingtong, Guo Beifeng, Li Duozuo, Black Tooth Changzhi and others have mostly become famous generals in the world. Pei Xingjian was also good at cursive writing, and his penmanship and writing were greatly appreciated by Emperor Gaozong of Tang. A wise and famous general with a Confucian style stands in the genealogy of famous generals of the Tang Dynasty, and is admired and admired by future generations! People say yes or no? Welcome to leave a message to communicate! (Picture from the network, thanks for borrowing)
Statue of Pei Xingjian
Original author @ Mr. Lobbyist dys123 hobbies are complex, the middle way, a brief history, cultural talk, welcome message, fun life.
Reference books: Old Book of Tang, New Book of Tang.