When it comes to the sun, everyone knows that it is the source of life, and it is it that selflessly "burns" itself and emits light and heat, which feeds hundreds of millions of lives. However, if it comes to the sun, how to "burn", I am afraid that most people can only say a "nuclear fusion" by impression, so I don't know if you have ever thought about why the hydrogen bomb explosion that also uses nuclear fusion can only last for a few seconds, while the sun can "burn" for tens of billions of years?
Although the sun and the hydrogen bomb use nuclear fusion technology, but the level of technology contained in it can be described as a world of differences, just above the red sun, contains a crown that all scientists are diligently pursuing, but has always been difficult to reach - controlled nuclear fusion.
The so-called controllable nuclear fusion technology actually refers to making the energy released by nuclear fusion controllable and usable, rather than just causing blind destruction. Once the research in this direction is successful, then the 400,000 tons of deuterium hidden in the earth's sea can be fully utilized, and this energy is enough for the current human beings to use for tens of billions of years.
Controlled nuclear fusion for the current human beings is still like a dream, and the form of nuclear fusion is not only a single one, like the nuclear fusion inside the sun belongs to the typical proton qualitative change, a simple summary is that 4 separate hydrogen atoms converge into a helium atom, this fusion is not intense, but it will also release a lot of energy, and the accumulation of more, but also create the sun's dazzling light.
Explaining why the sun "burns", I am afraid that everyone still cannot understand why the sun can burn stably for tens of billions of years, and if we want to find the answer to this question, we must start from two aspects, one is "balance" and the other is "reserves".
First, let's talk about "balance."
What I want to popularize here is that although the sun is a red sphere in our eyes, it is not nuclear fusion in all places, but only within it, which causes the energy of the sun to be emitted from the inside out and eventually spread to all parts of the universe.
This kind of emission from the inside out has a certain similarity with the explosion of the hydrogen bomb, and it is also a release of energy. However, unlike the hydrogen bomb, the sun itself is a supermassive planet, and its interior has a great gravitational force, which eventually restricts the energy of the sun's interior to spread outward, and eventually makes it form a "balance" in a certain part of the sun, which makes the sun not burn out at once, but can slowly glow and heat up for tens of billions of years.
Like the light we usually see, the geothermal heat actually comes from the energy generated by the nuclear fusion inside the sun, but these energies eventually include many high-energy particle streams, wandering in the universe as the "solar wind", and finally being able to successfully reach the earth, but only one-twelfth of a billion, almost nothing. Only 1/10,000 of this small amount of energy can be used by humans, but even this meager light and heat have benefited us a lot.
Second, let's look at "reserves" again.
As we said earlier, the mass of the sun is far from being comparable to the earth, and a larger mass often means a larger "reserve", like the combination of hydrogen nuclei that occurs on the sun, which is actually quite rare, because the process is too difficult, but it cannot withstand the mass of the sun, the reserves of hydrogen nuclei are too large, and eventually the so-called "small probability event" becomes "commonplace".
Just to use an empty "big" to describe, you may not be able to understand, we still take the earth as an example to make a comparison.
If you look at it from the perspective of diameter, then the sun is about 109 times the size of the earth, and when converted into volume, the sun is equivalent to 1295029 earth. What is this concept? This means that the earth is in front of the sun, almost as tiny as a grain of dust.
But it is such a grain of "dust", the deuterium contained in its internal ocean after fusion, the energy released is enough for human beings to use for tens of billions of years, which can see how vast the energy contained in the sun is, in the case of such a vast energy, the sun "burned" for ten billion years, what is so strange?
Then again, it would be quite difficult for the sun to react as violently and quickly as a hydrogen bomb. Because the conditions for the explosion of the hydrogen bomb are also quite harsh, in order to create its high temperature and high pressure conditions, people can even detonate the atomic bomb to prepare for it, and its detonation temperature is at least more than 100 million degrees, and this condition is only 15 million degrees of the sun in the inland river, far from reaching, and because of this, the "combustion" of the sun and the "explosion" of the hydrogen bomb can be described as having their own advantages.
As far as the current situation is concerned, the sun has been burning for 4.6 billion years, and in the future it will still burn for five or six billion years, which is nothing for the sun, and there may be many people who are worried about the future extinction of the sun; but this time is too long for human beings, and human beings are worried that the life of the sun can be described as unfounded, because according to scientists' calculations, if human beings cannot find a new way out, then they will not live to the day when the sun is extinguished.
This is not to say that the resources on the earth are insufficient, or the limitations of the land space, but that as the sun continues to burn, its external radiation is also increasing, which means that the temperature of the earth's surface will slowly rise, and eventually reach a frightening level.
Take the moon as an example, the temperature of the moon on the side of the direct sunlight is as high as hundreds of degrees, and the temperature of the side that deviates from the sunlight is minus one hundred degrees, in this extremely harsh living environment, human beings can not survive normally; and what is more frightening is that the earth will sooner or later become the next moon, which is why we say that we have to "escape" from the sun and find a new way out.
In any case, the burning of the sun will not be diverted by the will of human beings, and if we want to ensure the continuation of the population in the vast universe, we can only continue to explore, constantly break through, and finally find a way out in the firmament above our heads, and the sun will continue to burn in this galaxy.