Chen Cang stone drum and rubbing (partial)
The Stone Drum, also known as the ChenCang Stone Drum, is one of the nine national treasures of China.
It was praised by the Qing Dynasty scholar Kang Youwei as the first antiquities in China.
The stone drums are made of granite, and there are ten of them, all about three feet high and one foot in diameter, and they are engraved with large seal characters, a total of 718 characters.
The stone drum records the development history of the rise of the Qin people, the establishment of the country, the expansion of the territory, and the creation of the imperial industry in the form of four poems, so it is also known as the Eastern Red of the Great Qin Empire.
In the first year of Tang Zhenguan (627 AD), on the northern slope of Chencang Mountain in Fengxiang Province, Shaanxi Province, an old shepherd found ten strange stones, and after cleaning up, he saw mysterious words written on them.
Many villagers rushed to watch, but no one could recognize the text on it.
As a result, rumors spread, and people thought it was a god and burned incense to worship.
As soon as the news came out, it attracted some literati and inkers.
Some scholars believe that the stone drum script is a large seal, which records the scene of the hunting of King Xuan of Zhou, so it is concluded that it is an antiquity of the Western Zhou Dynasty, and according to the stone inscription, the hunting scene is described, so it is called "hunting jie".
During the outbreak of the "Anshi Rebellion", Tang Suzong, who was hiding in Yongcheng (Fengxiang, Shaanxi), heard the news of the stone drum and ordered the local officials to transport the stone drum to the south of Yongcheng City to enjoy the game with the civil and military officials.
As the rebels approached Yongcheng, the civil and military officials of Emperor Suzong's court once again fled, and before leaving, they hastily buried the stone drum in the wilderness, claiming that it had been damaged and lost.
Two years later, the "Anshi Rebellion" was settled, and the stone drum was able to see the light of day.
In the first year of Emperor Xianzong of Tang (806), the Yongcheng officials asked the Chinese to preside over the identification of the objects and re-excavate the stone drum.
The literary scholar Han Yu wrote to the imperial court to properly keep and study the stone drum, but it did not attract the attention of the government.
"Stone Drum Song" - Han Yu Zhang Sheng held a stone drum text and advised me to try to compose a stone drum song. No one in Shaoling died, and only then did Bo take Naishi Drum He. Zhou Gangling was boiling all over the world, and King Xuan was indignant and waved his heavenly go. The Great Enlightened Hall was greeted by the pilgrimage, and the swords of the princes were sharpened. Yu Yu Qiyang Is majestic, and all the animals and beasts are covered. Engraving Gong Le into the world, chiseling stone as a drum and saga. From the first of the courtiers' talents and talents, he chose to write a carved liu shan'a. Rain and day moxibustion wildfires, ghost creatures guard annoying. Where the public gets the paper, there is no mistake. It is difficult to read the word strictly, and the font is not similar to the tadpole. In the depths of the year, there is no shortage of paintings, and the fast sword cuts off the raw dragon. Under the immortals, the coral and green trees intersect. The gold rope iron rope lock button is strong, and the ancient Ding leaps the water dragon soars. Ugly Confucian poems are not included, and Erya is forced to have no snake. Confucius traveled west to Qin, and he swept the stars and left Xi'e. Yu Yu was bitter late, and tears were wept about it. Recalling the former Dr. Meng Zheng, his name was changed to YuanHe at the beginning of his year. The old man joined the army on the right side, measuring the excavation department for me. Maundy Crown bathes in sacrificial wine, so much treasure remains. The felt-wrapped mat can be immediately wrapped, and the ten drums carry only a number of camels. Recommend the Temple of The Great Temple to be better than Gao Ding, and the price of light is more than a hundred times greater. If the Holy Grace is allowed to stay too long, the students will explain it carefully. Guan Jing Hongdu still filled his throat and sat down to see the whole country running. The moss is removed from the nodular corners, and the placement is not quite flat. The building has deep eaves and covers, and has experienced a long period of time. The Chinese and Korean officials are old and grateful to Tu Yuan. The shepherd boy knocked on the horn of the fire cow, who returned to the hand for The Mozi. The sun and the moon were buried, and for six years the west gukong groaned. Xi Zhi's customary book takes advantage of the beauty, and the number of papers can still be bo white goose. Following the Zhou Eight Dynasties War, no one took care of it. Fang is now in peace and has nothing to do, and he is allowed to be a Confucian reverer. An Neng is still in this way, and is willing to borrow the argument like a hanging river. The song of the stone drum ends here, whining and whining.
In the ninth year of Yuan He (814), Yin ZhengYuqing of Fengxiang Province was greatly moved to discover Han Yu's recital, so he asked the imperial court to move the stone drum to the local Confucius Temple, and was no longer exposed to the wilderness.
Because of the lack of protection, one stone drum was lost, and the writing on the remaining stone drum was long mutilated.
At the end of the Tang Dynasty, the Fengxiang Confucius Temple was destroyed in the war, the stone drum was stolen, and it has been lost to the people ever since.
During the reign of Emperor Renzong of Song, he consulted the archives of the Tang Dynasty and found records about stone drums, so he ordered people to go to the people to investigate.
Sima Chi (Sima Guang's father), who was the prefect of Fengxiang at the time, heard the news and spared no effort to find out the whereabouts of ShiGu.
After several twists and turns, Sima Chi finally found the nine stone drums that had been stolen more than 200 years ago, but the one that had disappeared inexplicably, the stone drum known as "Zhayuan", was without a trace.
As a result, Sima Chi, who was full of meritorious service, actually forged the "Chayuan Stone Drum".
Song Renzong eventually discovered the forgery, and Sima Chi failed to draw a tiger and was punished with demotion.
Therefore, the "Cha rough stone drum" has since doubled its value.
In the third year of Emperor Renzong of Song (1052), the gold stone collector Xiang Chuanshi accidentally found the "original stone drum" in the butcher's house, and it was laughable that the butcher was sharpening his knife with a stone drum.
The "original stone drum" has been completely unrecognizable, the first half was cut off by the villagers to make a tool for pounding rice, and the remnants were used as whetstones by the butcher, and only four lines of writing remained when they were found.
He wrote a letter to the Chuanshi to report to the Fengxiang Official's Office, and the official government immediately sent troops to protect the Xiang Chuanshi, carrying the stone drum, rushing to Bieliang, and looking for the stone drum from the Chuanshi for meritorious service, and received a heavy reward from the imperial court.
After the reunion of the ten stone drums, they were protected by the imperial court.
During the Song Huizong period, because the emperor liked antiques, the stone drum was cherished and collected in the Bohol Hall.
One day, Emperor Huizong of Song opened his mind so widely that he ordered the craftsmen to melt the gold and pour it into the grooves carved in the stone.
Since then, the golden body stone drum has been worth a lot.
During the fall of the Northern Song Dynasty, Jin Bing transported the stone drum to the north, cut out the gold on it, and abandoned it in the wilderness.
In the first year of Emperor Duanping of Song (1234), the Song and Mongol forces attacked Yanjing, and wang Huan, the imperial master who accompanied the army, found the abandoned stone drum, and he ordered people to transport the stone drum to the local Confucius Temple and send soldiers to take care of it.
Since then, the Three Dynasties of the Shigu Calendar, the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty have been preserved in Beijing.
During the Japanese invasion of China, the stone drum was transported to Nanjing, and later to Chongqing.
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the stone drums were transported to Nanjing.
During the Liberation War, a large number of national treasure-level cultural relics were transported to Taiwan, and the stone drums were left there because of their overweight, and then transported to Beijing and treasured in the Palace Museum.